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Lancaster County, South Carolina: environmental and disease records

Cancer mortality in Lancaster County is 142.6 deaths per 100,000 people per year against a U.S. rate of 143.2. Federal databases place 443 regulated facilities, sites and hazards inside the county, led by NPDES wastewater discharge permit (265), Rail grade crossing (77), Gas station (mapped facility) (23). One correctional facility operates in the county. EPA AirToxScreen estimates a lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics of 30 in a million, driven mainly by formaldehyde.

Rates are age-adjusted per 100,000 people. A cancer signal is marked significant when the lower bound of its 95 percent confidence interval is above the U.S. rate. Facility counts use active federal records located inside the county boundary. Approximate county center: 34.7672, -80.6948.

How this county ranks in South Carolina

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Cancer deaths and new cases versus the United States

Source: NCI and CDC State Cancer Profiles, both sexes, all ages. Sorted by the ratio of the county rate to the U.S. rate.

Cancer rates for Lancaster County compared with the United States
CancerMeasureCounty rateU.S. rateTimes U.S.95% intervalYears
BladderDeaths5.44.11.32x3.8 to 7.42020-2024
Brain & nervous systemDeaths4.94.41.11x3.4 to 6.92020-2024
Lung & bronchusDeaths33.330.21.1x29.3 to 37.72020-2024
StomachDeaths2.72.71x1.6 to 4.32020-2024
All cancerDeaths142.6143.21x134 to 151.52020-2024
Lung & bronchusNew cases49.351.80.95x44.4 to 54.62019-2023
PancreasDeaths10.611.30.94x8.4 to 13.22020-2024
Melanoma of the skinNew cases22.223.80.93x18.8 to 26.12019-2023
Kidney & renal pelvisNew cases16.617.90.93x13.6 to 20.22019-2023
Non-Hodgkin lymphomaNew cases16.918.50.91x13.9 to 20.42019-2023
LeukemiaDeaths5.25.70.91x3.7 to 7.22020-2024
Liver & bile ductDeaths66.60.91x4.4 to 8.22020-2024
Brain & nervous systemNew cases5.66.20.9x3.9 to 7.92019-2023
Liver & bile ductNew cases7.88.70.9x5.9 to 10.22019-2023
All cancerNew cases396.2453.40.87x381.4 to 411.52019-2023
EsophagusNew cases44.60.87x2.7 to 5.92019-2023
LeukemiaNew cases12.414.50.86x9.8 to 15.52019-2023
PancreasNew cases11.813.90.85x9.4 to 14.62019-2023
BladderNew cases15.318.70.82x12.7 to 18.52019-2023
Non-Hodgkin lymphomaDeaths3.94.80.81x2.6 to 5.72020-2024
EsophagusDeaths2.93.70.78x1.8 to 4.52020-2024
Kidney & renal pelvisDeaths2.33.40.68x1.3 to 3.82020-2024
StomachNew cases4.46.60.67x2.9 to 6.32019-2023
ThyroidNew cases7.5130.58x5.4 to 10.22019-2023

Mortality measures versus the U.S. county median

Source: County Health Rankings, built from CDC National Vital Statistics System death records. The comparison value is the median of all U.S. counties.

Mortality measures for Lancaster County
MeasureCountyU.S. medianDifferenceUnit
Premature death11,214.49,842.6+14%years of life lost before age 75 per 100,000
Life expectancy75.375.3+0%years
Child mortality68.859.8+15%deaths under age 18 per 100,000
Infant mortality5.96.2-5%deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births
Injury deaths117.896.9+21%deaths per 100,000
Drug overdose deaths54.328.6+90%deaths per 100,000

Air toxics and air quality

EPA AirToxScreen 2020

Lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics: 30 in a million. EPA treats 100 in a million as the upper end of acceptable risk and 1 in a million as the goal.

  • Formaldehyde22.53 per million
  • Carbon Tetrachloride2.91 per million
  • Acetaldehyde2.31 per million
  • Benzene1.02 per million

EPA Air Quality Index

No EPA air quality monitor reports daily AQI for this county.

Regulated facilities, sites and hazards by type

443 active records inside the county from EPA ECHO, TRI, Superfund, Brownfields, NPDES, EIA, FAA, FRA and corrections data.

  • NPDES wastewater discharge permit265
  • Rail grade crossing77
  • Gas station (mapped facility)23
  • Air permit holder (minor source)22
  • TRI reporting facility10
  • Toxic chemical release facility (TRI)10
  • Small hazardous waste generator9
  • Auto repair or body shop (mapped facility)7
  • Large hazardous waste generator4
  • Brownfield property3
  • Major air pollution source2
  • Public airport2
  • Wastewater plant (mapped facility)2
  • Airfield1
  • Commercial airport1
  • Correctional facility (prison or jail)1
  • Heliport1
  • Hydroelectric plant1
  • Solar power plant1
  • Scrapyard (mapped facility)1

Highest-severity records

The 25 records with the highest Envyrofax severity in the county, with the agency identifier to cite in a records request.

  1. Oceanagold Haile Gold Mine, Kershaw

    Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Manganese And Manganese Compounds, Lead compounds, Arsenic compounds, Chromium compounds (except for chromite ore mined in the Transvaal Region) and 4 more. Reports carcinogens. 29,191,425 lbs released over 5 years.

    TRI facility ID 2906WCNGLD6911S (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

    Severity 10

  2. Archer Daniels Midland, Kershaw

    TRI reporting facility. Penalties $256,000.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000351958 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 9.5

  3. Akzonobel, Lancaster

    Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Dimethyl phthalate, Toluene, Xylene (mixed isomers), Cumene and 1 more. Reports carcinogens. 43,947 lbs released over 5 years.

    TRI facility ID 29720RXHMCHIGHW (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

    Severity 8.1

  4. 250 - Kershaw Oilseeds, Kershaw

    Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: n-Hexane. 1,103,518 lbs released over 5 years.

    TRI facility ID 29067RCHRD413NH (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

    Severity 7.6

  5. Meyer Utility Structures Llc Plt No 1665, Lancaster

    Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Zinc (fume or dust), Manganese, Chromium, Manganese And Manganese Compounds and 4 more. Reports carcinogens. 8,319 lbs released over 5 years.

    TRI facility ID 29720LHGHL6MISO (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

    Severity 7.5

  6. Haile Mining Venture, Kershaw

    Major air pollution source. Penalties $12,600.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110004942108 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 7.5

  7. Akzo Nobel Coatings Inc, Lancaster

    TRI reporting facility. Penalties $51,425.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000355179 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 7.1

  8. Haile Mining Venture, Kershaw

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $12,600.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110004942108 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 7

  9. Oceanagold Haile Gold Mine, Kershaw

    TRI reporting facility.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110071284447 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 7

  10. Lancaster Catawba River, Lancaster

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $4,000.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110006623305 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 6.8

  11. Lancaster County Waste Water Treatment Facility, Lancaster

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110006623289 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 5.8

  12. Lancaster Co Sch Dist Buford Hs,, Lancaster

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $700.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110009704757 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 5.5

  13. Meyer Utility Structures Llc Plant 1665, Lancaster

    TRI reporting facility.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000618751 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 5.5

  14. Dyno Nobel Inc., Van Wyck

    Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Ammonia, Nitrate compounds (water dissociable; reportable only when in aqueous solution). 1,020 lbs released over 5 years.

    TRI facility ID 2974WDYNNB1354S (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

    Severity 5.3

  15. Dyno Nobel Inc., Van Wyck

    TRI reporting facility.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110071250484 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 5.1

  16. Akzo Nobel Coatings Inc, Lancaster

    Major air pollution source. Penalties $51,425.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000355179 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 5

  17. Adornus Manufacturing Usa, Llc, Lancaster

    Large hazardous waste generator. Penalties $25,000.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110071218784 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 4.8

  18. Kloeckner Metals, Lancaster

    TRI reporting facility.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110071956318 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 4.6

  19. Archer Daniels Midland, Kershaw

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $256,000.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000351958 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 4.5

  20. Akzo Nobel Coatings Inc, Lancaster

    Large hazardous waste generator. Penalties $51,425.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000355179 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 4.5

  21. Akzo Nobel Coatings Inc, Lancaster

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $51,425.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000355179 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 4.5

  22. Heath Springs Waste Water Treatment Facility, Heath Springs

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110009793535 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 4.5

  23. Lancaster Co P&D Foster Plant, Lancaster

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110009794035 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 4.5

  24. Kershaw Mineral Lab, Kershaw

    Large hazardous waste generator. Penalties $6,000.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110045452620 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 4.5

  25. Kershaw Hanging Rock Creek, Kershaw

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110071711437 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 4.5

Correctional facilities

Prisons, jails and corrections operations with an EPA facility record, and the drinking water and wastewater compliance attached to them.

Discovery / public records

Records to request for Lancaster County

  • South Carolina state cancer registry

    Cancer incidence counts by census tract or ZIP code, by cancer type and year (de-identified). Any cancer cluster inquiries or investigations in Lancaster County, and their findings.

  • South Carolina vital statistics office

    Death certificate counts by cause of death and residence tract or ZIP code, and the years behind the mortality measures above.

  • South Carolina health department, environmental epidemiology

    Health consultations or assessments by ATSDR or the state health department covering the county, and any exposure investigations.

  • South Carolina environmental agency and the U.S. EPA regional office

    Compliance history, inspection reports, notices of violation, penalties and enforcement actions for each facility above, cited by EPA FRS registry ID.

  • South Carolina drinking water program

    Violation notices, sampling results and sanitary surveys for the public water systems serving the county, including any system serving a correctional facility.

  • Department of corrections or county sheriff

    Water testing, grievances and environmental health inspections for the correctional facilities listed above.

Each Envyrofax address report includes a printable records request worksheet with the custodian and the exact request wording per finding.

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