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Leslie County, Kentucky: environmental and disease records

Cancer mortality in Leslie County is 230.8 deaths per 100,000 people per year against a U.S. rate of 143.2, a statistically significant excess. The strongest disease signals are Lung & bronchus deaths at 2.5 times the U.S. rate. Federal databases place 304 regulated facilities, sites and hazards inside the county, led by Industrial wastewater discharge (258), NPDES wastewater discharge permit (41), Gas station (mapped facility) (2). EPA AirToxScreen estimates a lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics of 20 in a million, driven mainly by formaldehyde.

Rates are age-adjusted per 100,000 people. A cancer signal is marked significant when the lower bound of its 95 percent confidence interval is above the U.S. rate. Facility counts use active federal records located inside the county boundary. Approximate county center: 37.1014, -83.3525.

How this county ranks in Kentucky

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Cancer deaths and new cases versus the United States

Source: NCI and CDC State Cancer Profiles, both sexes, all ages. Sorted by the ratio of the county rate to the U.S. rate.

Cancer rates for Leslie County compared with the United States
Cancer	Measure	County rate	U.S. rate	Times U.S.	95% interval	Years
Lung & bronchus	Deaths	76.7	30.2	2.54xSignificant	58 to 100.5	2020-2024
Lung & bronchus	New cases	112.7	51.8	2.18xSignificant	89.2 to 141.1	2019-2023
All cancer	Deaths	230.8	143.2	1.61xSignificant	196.5 to 270.1	2020-2024
Melanoma of the skin	New cases	29	23.8	1.22x	16.9 to 46.8	2019-2023
All cancer	New cases	521.6	453.4	1.15xSignificant	468 to 580.1	2019-2023

Mortality measures versus the U.S. county median

Source: County Health Rankings, built from CDC National Vital Statistics System death records. The comparison value is the median of all U.S. counties.

Mortality measures for Leslie County
Measure	County	U.S. median	Difference	Unit
Premature death	16,776.8	9,842.6	+70%	years of life lost before age 75 per 100,000
Life expectancy	68.7	75.3	-9%	years
Child mortality	n/a	59.8	n/a	deaths under age 18 per 100,000
Infant mortality	n/a	6.2	n/a	deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births
Injury deaths	165.9	96.9	+71%	deaths per 100,000
Drug overdose deaths	43.3	28.6	+51%	deaths per 100,000

Air toxics and air quality

EPA AirToxScreen 2020

Lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics: 20 in a million. EPA treats 100 in a million as the upper end of acceptable risk and 1 in a million as the goal.

Formaldehyde17.09 per million
Carbon Tetrachloride2.85 per million
Acetaldehyde1.73 per million
Benzene0.78 per million

EPA Air Quality Index

No EPA air quality monitor reports daily AQI for this county.

Regulated facilities, sites and hazards by type

304 active records inside the county from EPA ECHO, TRI, Superfund, Brownfields, NPDES, EIA, FAA, FRA and corrections data.

Industrial wastewater discharge258
NPDES wastewater discharge permit41
Gas station (mapped facility)2
Air permit holder (minor source)1
Brownfield property1
Heliport1

Highest-severity records

The 25 records with the highest Envyrofax severity in the county, with the agency identifier to cite in a records request.

Hyden Stp, Hyden
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110009939442 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
Lcc Ky Llc 866-0350, Hyden
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110011207504 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
Hayes Lewis Elementary School, Yeaddiss
NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $7,500.
EPA FRS registry ID 110021539156 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
Stinnett Elementary School, Hoskinston
NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $7,500.
EPA FRS registry ID 110027990930 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.8
Wb Muncy Elementary School, Wooton
NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $7,500.
EPA FRS registry ID 110027990949 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.8
Icg Hazard Llc Thunder Ridge [Consolidated], Hoskinston
NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $50,000.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071179886 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.8
Cardinal Reclamation Co Llc [Consolidated], Big Laurel
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071093655 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.5
Sequoia Energy Llc (866-5152), Lewis Creek
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110021025326 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.3
Bpm Lumber Llc, Hyden
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110057000212 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.3
Knott Co Coal Llc [866-0369], Cinda
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110064511844 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.3
Leslie Co State Maintenance Garage #545, Hyden
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071659569 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.3
S&T Building, Hyden
Brownfield property.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071972058 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record
Severity 3
Nally & Hamilton Enterprises Inc [866-0373], Hoskinston
Industrial wastewater discharge. No Violation Identified.
NPDES permit KYGE41076: (U.S. EPA NPDES)
Severity 3
Cardinal Reclamation Co Llc [Consolidated], Big Laurel
Industrial wastewater discharge. Significant/Category I Noncompliance.
NPDES permit KYGE41145: (U.S. EPA NPDES)
Severity 3
Icg Hazard Llc Thunder Ridge [Consolidated], Hoskinston
Industrial wastewater discharge. Violation Identified.
NPDES permit KYGE41161: (U.S. EPA NPDES)
Severity 3
Leslie Co State Maintenance Garage #545, Hyden
Industrial wastewater discharge. Significant/Category I Noncompliance.
NPDES permit KYR004652: (U.S. EPA NPDES)
Severity 2.8
Hyden Stp, Hyden
Industrial wastewater discharge. Violation Identified.
NPDES permit KY0021245: (U.S. EPA NPDES)
Severity 2.6
Davis Energy Llc (866-0333), Bear Branch
NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $310,000.
EPA FRS registry ID 110067030992 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2.5
Hyden Development East Llc [866-0362], Helton
Industrial wastewater discharge. No Violation Identified.
NPDES permit KYGE41015: (U.S. EPA NPDES)
Severity 2.4
Cardinal Reclamation Co Llc [Consolidated], Napier
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110070099186 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2.3
Inmet Mining Llc [866-5205], Warbranch
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071359341 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2.3
Wb Muncy Elementary School, Wooton
Industrial wastewater discharge. Violation Identified.
NPDES permit KY0093386: (U.S. EPA NPDES)
Severity 1.9
Stinnett Elementary School, Hoskinston
Industrial wastewater discharge. No Violation Identified.
NPDES permit KY0093378: (U.S. EPA NPDES)
Severity 1.9
Hayes Lewis Elementary School, Yeaddiss
Industrial wastewater discharge. No Violation Identified.
NPDES permit KY0082732: (U.S. EPA NPDES)
Severity 1.9
Spurlock Mining Llc [Consolidated], Krypton
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110070216845 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.8

Correctional facilities

Prisons, jails and corrections operations with an EPA facility record, and the drinking water and wastewater compliance attached to them.

No correctional facility with an EPA record is located in this county.

Discovery / public records

Records to request for Leslie County

Kentucky state cancer registry
Cancer incidence counts by census tract or ZIP code, by cancer type and year (de-identified). Any cancer cluster inquiries or investigations in Leslie County, and their findings.
Kentucky vital statistics office
Death certificate counts by cause of death and residence tract or ZIP code, and the years behind the mortality measures above.
Kentucky health department, environmental epidemiology
Health consultations or assessments by ATSDR or the state health department covering the county, and any exposure investigations.
Kentucky environmental agency and the U.S. EPA regional office
Compliance history, inspection reports, notices of violation, penalties and enforcement actions for each facility above, cited by EPA FRS registry ID.
Kentucky drinking water program
Violation notices, sampling results and sanitary surveys for the public water systems serving the county, including any system serving a correctional facility.
Department of corrections or county sheriff
Water testing, grievances and environmental health inspections for the correctional facilities listed above.

Each Envyrofax address report includes a printable records request worksheet with the custodian and the exact request wording per finding.

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