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Clay County, Kentucky: environmental and disease records

Cancer mortality in Clay County is 254.3 deaths per 100,000 people per year against a U.S. rate of 143.2, a statistically significant excess. The strongest disease signals are Lung & bronchus deaths at 2.7 times the U.S. rate and Pancreas deaths at 2.2 times the U.S. rate. Federal databases place 242 regulated facilities, sites and hazards inside the county, led by Industrial wastewater discharge (150), NPDES wastewater discharge permit (55), Rail grade crossing (17). EPA AirToxScreen estimates a lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics of 30 in a million, driven mainly by formaldehyde.

Rates are age-adjusted per 100,000 people. A cancer signal is marked significant when the lower bound of its 95 percent confidence interval is above the U.S. rate. Facility counts use active federal records located inside the county boundary. Approximate county center: 37.1457, -83.7475.

How this county ranks in Kentucky

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Cancer deaths and new cases versus the United States

Source: NCI and CDC State Cancer Profiles, both sexes, all ages. Sorted by the ratio of the county rate to the U.S. rate.

Cancer rates for Clay County compared with the United States
Cancer	Measure	County rate	U.S. rate	Times U.S.	95% interval	Years
Lung & bronchus	Deaths	82.7	30.2	2.74xSignificant	67.4 to 100.8	2020-2024
Lung & bronchus	New cases	119.2	51.8	2.3xSignificant	100.7 to 140.4	2019-2023
Pancreas	Deaths	24.6	11.3	2.18xSignificant	16.1 to 36.2	2020-2024
Pancreas	New cases	25.5	13.9	1.83xSignificant	17 to 36.8	2019-2023
All cancer	Deaths	254.3	143.2	1.78xSignificant	226.3 to 285.1	2020-2024
All cancer	New cases	596.7	453.4	1.32xSignificant	553.3 to 642.8	2019-2023
Kidney & renal pelvis	New cases	22.9	17.9	1.28x	14.9 to 33.8	2019-2023
Leukemia	New cases	18.4	14.5	1.27x	11.1 to 28.8	2019-2023
Bladder	New cases	23.5	18.7	1.26x	15.6 to 34.2	2019-2023
Melanoma of the skin	New cases	22.7	23.8	0.95x	14.7 to 33.7	2019-2023
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	New cases	16.7	18.5	0.9x	9.9 to 26.6	2019-2023

Mortality measures versus the U.S. county median

Source: County Health Rankings, built from CDC National Vital Statistics System death records. The comparison value is the median of all U.S. counties.

Mortality measures for Clay County
Measure	County	U.S. median	Difference	Unit
Premature death	16,673.9	9,842.6	+69%	years of life lost before age 75 per 100,000
Life expectancy	68.3	75.3	-9%	years
Child mortality	99.6	59.8	+67%	deaths under age 18 per 100,000
Infant mortality	n/a	6.2	n/a	deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births
Injury deaths	126.3	96.9	+30%	deaths per 100,000
Drug overdose deaths	56.9	28.6	+99%	deaths per 100,000

Air toxics and air quality

EPA AirToxScreen 2020

Lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics: 30 in a million. EPA treats 100 in a million as the upper end of acceptable risk and 1 in a million as the goal.

Formaldehyde17.99 per million
Carbon Tetrachloride2.87 per million
Acetaldehyde1.93 per million
Benzene0.93 per million

EPA Air Quality Index

No EPA air quality monitor reports daily AQI for this county.

Regulated facilities, sites and hazards by type

242 active records inside the county from EPA ECHO, TRI, Superfund, Brownfields, NPDES, EIA, FAA, FRA and corrections data.

Industrial wastewater discharge150
NPDES wastewater discharge permit55
Rail grade crossing17
Brownfield property7
Gas station (mapped facility)6
Air permit holder (minor source)2
Heliport2
TRI reporting facility1
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI)1
Wastewater plant (mapped facility)1

Highest-severity records

The 25 records with the highest Envyrofax severity in the county, with the agency identifier to cite in a records request.

Fci Manchester, Manchester
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Lead. Reports carcinogens. 3,206 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 4096WFCMNCPBX3X (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 7.2
Fci Manchester, Manchester
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110043694259 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 5.3
B & R Mining Llc (826-0684), Chestnutburg
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110024585091 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.3
121 Anderson Street, Manchester
Brownfield property.
EPA FRS registry ID 110045009664 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record
Severity 3
Vacant Apartment Building, Oneida
Brownfield property.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071971693 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record
Severity 3
Former Mid-South Electronics Property, Manchester
Brownfield property.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071972716 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record
Severity 3
Manchester Middle School, Manchester
Brownfield property.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071977920 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record
Severity 3
Clay County Old Jail, Manchester
Brownfield property.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071984528 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record
Severity 3
Manchester Building, Manchester
Brownfield property.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071985663 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record
Severity 3
Clay County Garage, Manchester
Brownfield property.
EPA FRS registry ID 110072152040 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record
Severity 3
Manchester Stp, Manchester
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110009938808 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3
Smith Coal Processing (826-8019), Manchester
NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $2,000,000.
EPA FRS registry ID 110010839049 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3
Goose Rock Elementary School, Manchester
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110028294263 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3
Manchester Stp, Manchester
Industrial wastewater discharge. No Violation Identified.
NPDES permit KY0029122: (U.S. EPA NPDES)
Severity 3
Clay County Recycling, Manchester
Industrial wastewater discharge. No Violation Identified.
NPDES permit KYR004461: (U.S. EPA NPDES)
Severity 3
Cardinal Reclamation Co Llc [Consolidated], Stoney Fork
Industrial wastewater discharge. No Violation Identified.
NPDES permit KYGE41167: (U.S. EPA NPDES)
Severity 2.9
Oneida Baptist Institute, Oneida
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110008986838 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2.8
Big Creek Elementary School, Oneida
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110025715652 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2.8
Burning Springs Elementary School, Manchester
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110026287578 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2.8
Gcie Inc, Oneida
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110070201209 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2.8
B & W Resources [Consolidated], Garrard
Industrial wastewater discharge. No Violation Identified.
NPDES permit KYGE40933: (U.S. EPA NPDES)
Severity 2.5
Smith Processing Co [Consolidated], Garrard
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110011211759 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2.5
Chads Hope Center, Manchester
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110024882251 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2.5
Clay County Area Technical Center, Manchester
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110028294307 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2.5
Red Bird Mission Medical Clinic, Beverly
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110009939059 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2.3

Correctional facilities

Prisons, jails and corrections operations with an EPA facility record, and the drinking water and wastewater compliance attached to them.

No correctional facility with an EPA record is located in this county.

Discovery / public records

Records to request for Clay County

Kentucky state cancer registry
Cancer incidence counts by census tract or ZIP code, by cancer type and year (de-identified). Any cancer cluster inquiries or investigations in Clay County, and their findings.
Kentucky vital statistics office
Death certificate counts by cause of death and residence tract or ZIP code, and the years behind the mortality measures above.
Kentucky health department, environmental epidemiology
Health consultations or assessments by ATSDR or the state health department covering the county, and any exposure investigations.
Kentucky environmental agency and the U.S. EPA regional office
Compliance history, inspection reports, notices of violation, penalties and enforcement actions for each facility above, cited by EPA FRS registry ID.
Kentucky drinking water program
Violation notices, sampling results and sanitary surveys for the public water systems serving the county, including any system serving a correctional facility.
Department of corrections or county sheriff
Water testing, grievances and environmental health inspections for the correctional facilities listed above.

Each Envyrofax address report includes a printable records request worksheet with the custodian and the exact request wording per finding.

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