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Mono County, California: environmental and disease records

Cancer mortality in Mono County is 59.9 deaths per 100,000 people per year against a U.S. rate of 143.2. Federal databases place 130 regulated facilities, sites and hazards inside the county, led by NPDES wastewater discharge permit (39), Gas station (mapped facility) (16), Small hazardous waste generator (15). One correctional facility operates in the county. EPA AirToxScreen estimates a lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics of 20 in a million, driven mainly by formaldehyde.

Rates are age-adjusted per 100,000 people. A cancer signal is marked significant when the lower bound of its 95 percent confidence interval is above the U.S. rate. Facility counts use active federal records located inside the county boundary. Approximate county center: 38.0873, -119.0276.

How this county ranks in California

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Cancer deaths and new cases versus the United States

Source: NCI and CDC State Cancer Profiles, both sexes, all ages. Sorted by the ratio of the county rate to the U.S. rate.

Cancer rates for Mono County compared with the United States
CancerMeasureCounty rateU.S. rateTimes U.S.95% intervalYears
Melanoma of the skinNew cases44.423.81.87xSignificant30.9 to 62.32019-2023
LeukemiaNew cases24.514.51.69x14.2 to 39.82019-2023
All cancerNew cases339.2453.40.75x299.5 to 383.12019-2023
All cancerDeaths59.9143.20.42x44.6 to 79.32020-2024

Mortality measures versus the U.S. county median

Source: County Health Rankings, built from CDC National Vital Statistics System death records. The comparison value is the median of all U.S. counties.

Mortality measures for Mono County
MeasureCountyU.S. medianDifferenceUnit
Premature death4,738.99,842.6-52%years of life lost before age 75 per 100,000
Life expectancy93.675.3+24%years
Child mortalityn/a59.8n/adeaths under age 18 per 100,000
Infant mortalityn/a6.2n/adeaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births
Injury deaths70.696.9-27%deaths per 100,000
Drug overdose deathsn/a28.6n/adeaths per 100,000

Air toxics and air quality

EPA AirToxScreen 2020

Lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics: 20 in a million. EPA treats 100 in a million as the upper end of acceptable risk and 1 in a million as the goal.

  • Formaldehyde13.93 per million
  • Carbon Tetrachloride2.31 per million
  • Naphthalene2.11 per million
  • Acetaldehyde2.06 per million

EPA Air Quality Index 2025

Monitored on 365 days: 329 good, 7 unhealthy for sensitive groups or worse. Median AQI 21, peak 704.

Regulated facilities, sites and hazards by type

130 active records inside the county from EPA ECHO, TRI, Superfund, Brownfields, NPDES, EIA, FAA, FRA and corrections data.

  • NPDES wastewater discharge permit39
  • Gas station (mapped facility)16
  • Small hazardous waste generator15
  • Industrial wastewater discharge15
  • Large hazardous waste generator9
  • Landfill (mapped facility)5
  • Hydroelectric plant5
  • Wastewater plant (mapped facility)5
  • EPA air quality monitor4
  • Auto repair or body shop (mapped facility)3
  • Hazardous waste transporter3
  • Geothermal plant3
  • Public airport2
  • Commercial airport1
  • Correctional facility (prison or jail)1
  • Heliport1
  • Scrapyard (mapped facility)1
  • TRI reporting facility1
  • Toxic chemical release facility (TRI)1

Highest-severity records

The 25 records with the highest Envyrofax severity in the county, with the agency identifier to cite in a records request.

  1. Marine Corps Mountain Warfare Training Center, Bridgeport

    Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Lead. Reports carcinogens. 242 lbs released over 5 years.

    TRI facility ID 93517SMRNCHWY10 (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

    Severity 6.3

  2. Mammoth Yosemite, Mammoth Lakes

    Commercial airport. O.

    Record ID MMH (FAA / U.S. DOT)

    Severity 5

  3. Mammoth Lakes, Mammoth Lakes

    EPA air quality monitor.

    Record ID 060510001 (U.S. EPA AirData)

    Severity 5

  4. U.S. Dod Marine Corps Mountain Warfare Training Center, Bridgeport

    TRI reporting facility.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110013286087 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 4.5

  5. U.S. Dod Marine Corps Mountain Warfare Training Center, Bridgeport

    Large hazardous waste generator.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110013286087 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 3.5

  6. Hot Creek Fish Hatchery, Mammoth Lakes

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110013380475 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 3.3

  7. Lee Vining

    EPA air quality monitor.

    Record ID 060510005 (U.S. EPA AirData)

    Severity 3.2

  8. Caltrans District 09, Mammoth Lakes

    Large hazardous waste generator.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110008275357 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 3

  9. Caltrans District 09, Lee Vining

    Large hazardous waste generator.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110008275375 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 3

  10. Caltrans District 09, Mammoth Lakes

    Large hazardous waste generator.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110008275384 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 3

  11. University Of California Sierra Nevada, Mammoth Lakes

    Large hazardous waste generator.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110018956361 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 3

  12. Caltrans Dist 09/ Ea 09-364704, Bridgeport

    Large hazardous waste generator.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110019001729 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 3

  13. Sce Lee Vining Substation, Lee Vining

    Large hazardous waste generator.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110043422837 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 3

  14. Poole Power House, Lee Vining

    Large hazardous waste generator.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110046229960 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 3

  15. Rush Creek Powerhouse, June Lake

    Large hazardous waste generator.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110070119141 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 3

  16. Hot Creek Fish Hatchery, Mammoth Lakes

    Industrial wastewater discharge. Violation Identified.

    NPDES permit CA0102776: (U.S. EPA NPDES)

    Severity 2.9

  17. Us Marine Corps, Bridgeport

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110070089096 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 2.3

  18. Lee Vining, Lee Vining

    Public airport. O.

    Record ID O24 (FAA / U.S. DOT)

    Severity 2

  19. Bryant Fld, Bridgeport

    Public airport. O.

    Record ID O57 (FAA / U.S. DOT)

    Severity 2

  20. Bridgeport Transfer Station

    Landfill (mapped facility). Mapped facility presence only; no compliance or exposure measurements.

    Record ID relation/11895302 (OpenStreetMap contributors) Agency record

    Severity 2

  21. Wastewater Plant

    Wastewater plant (mapped facility). Mapped facility presence only; no compliance or exposure measurements.

    Record ID way/1001714621 (OpenStreetMap contributors) Agency record

    Severity 2

  22. Mammoth Community Water District

    Wastewater plant (mapped facility). Mapped facility presence only; no compliance or exposure measurements.

    Record ID way/1201733978 (OpenStreetMap contributors) Agency record

    Severity 2

  23. Landfill

    Landfill (mapped facility). Mapped facility presence only; no compliance or exposure measurements.

    Record ID way/1452544611 (OpenStreetMap contributors) Agency record

    Severity 2

  24. Pumice Valley Landfill

    Landfill (mapped facility). Mapped facility presence only; no compliance or exposure measurements.

    Record ID way/220686003 (OpenStreetMap contributors) Agency record

    Severity 2

  25. Benton Crossing Landfill

    Landfill (mapped facility). Mapped facility presence only; no compliance or exposure measurements.

    Record ID way/220686060 (OpenStreetMap contributors) Agency record

    Severity 2

Correctional facilities

Prisons, jails and corrections operations with an EPA facility record, and the drinking water and wastewater compliance attached to them.

Discovery / public records

Records to request for Mono County

  • California state cancer registry

    Cancer incidence counts by census tract or ZIP code, by cancer type and year (de-identified). Any cancer cluster inquiries or investigations in Mono County, and their findings.

  • California vital statistics office

    Death certificate counts by cause of death and residence tract or ZIP code, and the years behind the mortality measures above.

  • California health department, environmental epidemiology

    Health consultations or assessments by ATSDR or the state health department covering the county, and any exposure investigations.

  • California environmental agency and the U.S. EPA regional office

    Compliance history, inspection reports, notices of violation, penalties and enforcement actions for each facility above, cited by EPA FRS registry ID.

  • California drinking water program

    Violation notices, sampling results and sanitary surveys for the public water systems serving the county, including any system serving a correctional facility.

  • Department of corrections or county sheriff

    Water testing, grievances and environmental health inspections for the correctional facilities listed above.

Each Envyrofax address report includes a printable records request worksheet with the custodian and the exact request wording per finding.

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