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Clay County, Alabama: environmental and disease records

Cancer mortality in Clay County is 164.4 deaths per 100,000 people per year against a U.S. rate of 143.2. The strongest disease signals are Lung & bronchus deaths at 1.6 times the U.S. rate. Federal databases place 99 regulated facilities, sites and hazards inside the county, led by NPDES wastewater discharge permit (29), Industrial wastewater discharge (28), Rail grade crossing (20). EPA AirToxScreen estimates a lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics of 30 in a million, driven mainly by formaldehyde.

Rates are age-adjusted per 100,000 people. A cancer signal is marked significant when the lower bound of its 95 percent confidence interval is above the U.S. rate. Facility counts use active federal records located inside the county boundary. Approximate county center: 33.2952, -85.8155.

How this county ranks in Alabama

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Cancer deaths and new cases versus the United States

Source: NCI and CDC State Cancer Profiles, both sexes, all ages. Sorted by the ratio of the county rate to the U.S. rate.

Cancer rates for Clay County compared with the United States
CancerMeasureCounty rateU.S. rateTimes U.S.95% intervalYears
Lung & bronchusDeaths47.330.21.57xSignificant35.6 to 62.42020-2024
Lung & bronchusNew cases73.151.81.41xSignificant57.9 to 91.72019-2023
Kidney & renal pelvisNew cases24.617.91.37x15.3 to 37.82019-2023
BladderNew cases22.418.71.2x14.2 to 34.22019-2023
All cancerDeaths164.4143.21.15x141.1 to 191.12020-2024
All cancerNew cases459.5453.41.01x416.9 to 505.52019-2023
Melanoma of the skinNew cases20.323.80.85x12.7 to 31.62019-2023

Mortality measures versus the U.S. county median

Source: County Health Rankings, built from CDC National Vital Statistics System death records. The comparison value is the median of all U.S. counties.

Mortality measures for Clay County
MeasureCountyU.S. medianDifferenceUnit
Premature death13,312.89,842.6+35%years of life lost before age 75 per 100,000
Life expectancy71.975.3-5%years
Child mortalityn/a59.8n/adeaths under age 18 per 100,000
Infant mortalityn/a6.2n/adeaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births
Injury deaths12296.9+26%deaths per 100,000
Drug overdose deathsn/a28.6n/adeaths per 100,000

Air toxics and air quality

EPA AirToxScreen 2020

Lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics: 30 in a million. EPA treats 100 in a million as the upper end of acceptable risk and 1 in a million as the goal.

  • Formaldehyde24.24 per million
  • Carbon Tetrachloride2.86 per million
  • Acetaldehyde2.27 per million
  • Pahpom0.81 per million

EPA Air Quality Index 2025

Monitored on 354 days: 287 good, 1 unhealthy for sensitive groups or worse. Median AQI 33, peak 133.

Regulated facilities, sites and hazards by type

99 active records inside the county from EPA ECHO, TRI, Superfund, Brownfields, NPDES, EIA, FAA, FRA and corrections data.

  • NPDES wastewater discharge permit29
  • Industrial wastewater discharge28
  • Rail grade crossing20
  • Major air pollution source5
  • Toxic chemical release facility (TRI)4
  • Air permit holder (minor source)3
  • Large hazardous waste generator3
  • TRI reporting facility3
  • EPA air quality monitor1
  • Public airport1
  • Gas station (mapped facility)1
  • Heliport1

Highest-severity records

The 25 records with the highest Envyrofax severity in the county, with the agency identifier to cite in a records request.

  1. Wellborn Cabinet Inc, Ashland

    Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Xylene (mixed isomers), Ethylbenzene, Toluene, Lead. Reports carcinogens. 616,277 lbs released over 5 years.

    TRI facility ID 36251WLBRNHWY77 (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

    Severity 8.9

  2. Integrity Cabinets Llc, Lineville

    Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Toluene, Xylene (mixed isomers), n-Butyl alcohol. 348,692 lbs released over 5 years.

    TRI facility ID 3626WNTGRT696HI (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

    Severity 7.3

  3. Tru-Wood Cabinet Co Llc, Ashland

    Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Toluene, Xylene (mixed isomers). 126,547 lbs released over 5 years.

    TRI facility ID 36251TRWDCOFFHW (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

    Severity 6.9

  4. Wellborn Cabinets Inc, Ashland

    TRI reporting facility.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000604971 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 6.3

  5. Tru-Wood Cabinet Company, Llc, Ashland

    Major air pollution source.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110002471058 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 6.3

  6. Integrity Cabinets Llc, Lineville

    TRI reporting facility.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110070135402 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 6.2

  7. Tru-Wood Cabinet Company, Llc, Ashland

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110002471058 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 5.8

  8. ASHLAND, Ashland

    EPA air quality monitor.

    Record ID 010270001 (U.S. EPA AirData)

    Severity 4.6

  9. Precision Strip, Inc., Talladega

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110012233369 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 4.3

  10. 3d Woodcraft Inc, Lineville

    Major air pollution source.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110008056833 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 4

  11. Koch Foods Of Gadsden Llc, Ashland

    TRI reporting facility.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110042825020 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 4

  12. Ashland City Of Water Works And Sewer Bd (Wwtp), Ashland

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110025375083 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 3.8

  13. Wellborn Cabinets Inc, Ashland

    Major air pollution source.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000604971 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 3.5

  14. 3d Woodcraft Inc, Lineville

    Large hazardous waste generator.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110008056833 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 3.5

  15. 3d Woodcraft Inc, Lineville

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110008056833 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 3.5

  16. Integrity Cabinets, Lineville

    Major air pollution source.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110069326376 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 3.5

  17. Integrity Cabinets, Ashland

    Major air pollution source.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110070059401 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 3.5

  18. Lineville Lagoon, Lineville

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110055974432 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 3.3

  19. Wellborn Cabinets Inc, Ashland

    Large hazardous waste generator.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000604971 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 3

  20. Wellborn Cabinets Inc, Ashland

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000604971 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 3

  21. Integrity Cabinets, Ashland

    Large hazardous waste generator.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110070059401 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 3

  22. Integrity Cabinets, Ashland

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110070059401 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 3

  23. Koch Foods Of Ashland Llc, Ashland

    Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Peracetic acid.

    TRI facility ID 36251TYSNFPOBOX (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

    Severity 3

  24. Koch Foods Of Ashland Llc, Ashland

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110060356252 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 2

  25. Ashland/Lineville, Ashland/Lineville

    Public airport. O.

    Record ID 26A (FAA / U.S. DOT)

    Severity 2

Correctional facilities

Prisons, jails and corrections operations with an EPA facility record, and the drinking water and wastewater compliance attached to them.

No correctional facility with an EPA record is located in this county.

Discovery / public records

Records to request for Clay County

  • Alabama state cancer registry

    Cancer incidence counts by census tract or ZIP code, by cancer type and year (de-identified). Any cancer cluster inquiries or investigations in Clay County, and their findings.

  • Alabama vital statistics office

    Death certificate counts by cause of death and residence tract or ZIP code, and the years behind the mortality measures above.

  • Alabama health department, environmental epidemiology

    Health consultations or assessments by ATSDR or the state health department covering the county, and any exposure investigations.

  • Alabama environmental agency and the U.S. EPA regional office

    Compliance history, inspection reports, notices of violation, penalties and enforcement actions for each facility above, cited by EPA FRS registry ID.

  • Alabama drinking water program

    Violation notices, sampling results and sanitary surveys for the public water systems serving the county, including any system serving a correctional facility.

  • Department of corrections or county sheriff

    Water testing, grievances and environmental health inspections for the correctional facilities listed above.

Each Envyrofax address report includes a printable records request worksheet with the custodian and the exact request wording per finding.

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