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Waukesha County, Wisconsin: environmental and disease records

Cancer mortality in Waukesha County is 129.2 deaths per 100,000 people per year against a U.S. rate of 143.2. Federal databases place 1,078 regulated facilities, sites and hazards inside the county, led by NPDES wastewater discharge permit (395), Rail grade crossing (151), Gas station (mapped facility) (103). EPA AirToxScreen estimates a lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics of 30 in a million, driven mainly by formaldehyde.

Rates are age-adjusted per 100,000 people. A cancer signal is marked significant when the lower bound of its 95 percent confidence interval is above the U.S. rate. Facility counts use active federal records located inside the county boundary. Approximate county center: 43.0179, -88.3044.

How this county ranks in Wisconsin

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Cancer deaths and new cases versus the United States

Source: NCI and CDC State Cancer Profiles, both sexes, all ages. Sorted by the ratio of the county rate to the U.S. rate.

Cancer rates for Waukesha County compared with the United States
Cancer	Measure	County rate	U.S. rate	Times U.S.	95% interval	Years
Melanoma of the skin	New cases	38.4	23.8	1.61xSignificant	36 to 40.9	2019-2023
Thyroid	Deaths	0.7	0.5	1.4x	0.4 to 1.1	2020-2024
Leukemia	New cases	18.8	14.5	1.3xSignificant	17.2 to 20.6	2019-2023
Bladder	New cases	23	18.7	1.23xSignificant	21.3 to 24.8	2019-2023
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	New cases	22.2	18.5	1.2xSignificant	20.4 to 24	2019-2023
All cancer	New cases	509.2	453.4	1.12xSignificant	500.7 to 517.8	2019-2023
Brain & nervous system	Deaths	4.9	4.4	1.11x	4 to 5.8	2020-2024
Melanoma of the skin	Deaths	2.2	2	1.1x	1.7 to 2.9	2020-2024
Thyroid	New cases	14.2	13	1.09x	12.6 to 16	2019-2023
Pancreas	Deaths	12.1	11.3	1.07x	10.9 to 13.4	2020-2024
Leukemia	Deaths	6.1	5.7	1.07x	5.2 to 7	2020-2024
Pancreas	New cases	14.8	13.9	1.06x	13.4 to 16.3	2019-2023
Brain & nervous system	New cases	6.6	6.2	1.06x	5.5 to 7.7	2019-2023
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	Deaths	4.9	4.8	1.02x	4.1 to 5.8	2020-2024
Childhood cancer (under 15)	New cases	16.7	16.4	1.02x	12.6 to 21.6	2019-2023
Kidney & renal pelvis	New cases	18.2	17.9	1.02x	16.6 to 19.9	2019-2023
Stomach	New cases	6.5	6.6	0.98x	5.6 to 7.5	2019-2023
Esophagus	Deaths	3.6	3.7	0.97x	3 to 4.4	2020-2024
Lung & bronchus	New cases	47.7	51.8	0.92x	45.3 to 50.3	2019-2023
All cancer	Deaths	129.2	143.2	0.9x	125.1 to 133.4	2020-2024
Kidney & renal pelvis	Deaths	3	3.4	0.88x	2.4 to 3.7	2020-2024
Lung & bronchus	Deaths	26	30.2	0.86x	24.2 to 27.9	2020-2024
Esophagus	New cases	3.9	4.6	0.85x	3.2 to 4.7	2019-2023
Bladder	Deaths	3.4	4.1	0.83x	2.7 to 4.1	2020-2024
Stomach	Deaths	2.2	2.7	0.81x	1.6 to 2.8	2020-2024
Liver & bile duct	Deaths	5.1	6.6	0.77x	4.4 to 6	2020-2024
Liver & bile duct	New cases	6.5	8.7	0.75x	5.6 to 7.6	2019-2023

Mortality measures versus the U.S. county median

Source: County Health Rankings, built from CDC National Vital Statistics System death records. The comparison value is the median of all U.S. counties.

Mortality measures for Waukesha County
Measure	County	U.S. median	Difference	Unit
Premature death	5,179.2	9,842.6	-47%	years of life lost before age 75 per 100,000
Life expectancy	80.3	75.3	+7%	years
Child mortality	33.4	59.8	-44%	deaths under age 18 per 100,000
Infant mortality	4.5	6.2	-27%	deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births
Injury deaths	91	96.9	-6%	deaths per 100,000
Drug overdose deaths	22.9	28.6	-20%	deaths per 100,000

Air toxics and air quality

EPA AirToxScreen 2020

Lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics: 30 in a million. EPA treats 100 in a million as the upper end of acceptable risk and 1 in a million as the goal.

Formaldehyde14.78 per million
Carbon Tetrachloride2.97 per million
Naphthalene1.95 per million
Acetaldehyde1.45 per million

EPA Air Quality Index 2025

Monitored on 365 days: 242 good, 10 unhealthy for sensitive groups or worse. Median AQI 41, peak 172.

Regulated facilities, sites and hazards by type

1,078 active records inside the county from EPA ECHO, TRI, Superfund, Brownfields, NPDES, EIA, FAA, FRA and corrections data.

NPDES wastewater discharge permit395
Rail grade crossing151
Gas station (mapped facility)103
Small hazardous waste generator86
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI)71
TRI reporting facility58
Auto repair or body shop (mapped facility)46
Air permit holder (minor source)42
Hazardous waste transporter40
Large hazardous waste generator32
Major air pollution source13
Brownfield property12
Dry cleaner (mapped facility)7
Public airport4
Heliport4
Superfund (NPL) site4
Scrapyard (mapped facility)3
Landfill (mapped facility)2
Wastewater plant (mapped facility)2
EPA air quality monitor1
Commercial airport1
Biomass power plant1

Highest-severity records

The 25 records with the highest Envyrofax severity in the county, with the agency identifier to cite in a records request.

Muskego Sanitary Landfill, Muskego
Superfund (NPL) site. Hazard Ranking System score 51.9. NPL Site.
EPA site ID WID000713180 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record
Severity 10
Lauer I Sanitary Landfill, Menomonee Falls
Superfund (NPL) site. Hazard Ranking System score 42.7. NPL Site.
EPA site ID WID058735994 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record
Severity 10
Master Disposal Service Landfill, Brookfield
Superfund (NPL) site. Hazard Ranking System score 47.5. NPL Site.
EPA site ID WID980820070 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record
Severity 10
Waste Management of Wisconsin, Inc. (Brookfield Sanitary Landfill), Brookfield
Superfund (NPL) site. Hazard Ranking System score 28.9. NPL Site.
EPA site ID WID980901235 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record
Severity 10
The Gund Co, Waukesha
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Styrene. Reports carcinogens. 215,411 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 53186SLLVN809PH (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 8.6
Profile Finishing Systems Inc., Waukesha
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Methyl isobutyl ketone, Toluene, Xylene (mixed isomers). Reports carcinogens. 99,387 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 5318WPRFLF191SP (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 8.3
Brenntag Great Lakes, Llc-Distribution, Menomonee Falls
TRI reporting facility. Penalties $995,000.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000416522 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 8.2
Techniplas, Nashotah
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Styrene. Reports carcinogens. 39,856 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 53058DCKTNN44W3 (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 8
Silgan Containers Manufacturing Corp, Menomonee Falls
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Certain glycol ethers, Xylene (mixed isomers), n-Butyl alcohol, 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene and 4 more. Reports carcinogens. 37,497 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 53051SLGNCN90W1 (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 8
Vorteq Coil Finishers, Oconomowoc
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Xylene (mixed isomers), n-Butyl alcohol, 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene, Naphthalene and 3 more. Reports carcinogens. 34,403 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 53066WSMRQ930AR (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 8
Inpro Corp, Muskego
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Styrene, Dichloromethane, Methyl methacrylate. Reports carcinogens. 21,667 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 5315WNPRCRS81W1 (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 7.8
Diamond Vogel Inc., Menomonee Falls
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Xylene (mixed isomers), Toluene, Ethylbenzene, n-Hexane and 1 more. Reports carcinogens. 12,231 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 53051RBCRPN92W1 (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 7.6
Premold Corp, Oconomowoc
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Xylene (mixed isomers), Toluene, Ethylbenzene, Diisocyanates and 4 more. Reports carcinogens. 12,084 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 53066PRMLD5657F (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 7.6
Lincoln Industries Of Wisconsin, New Berlin
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: 1-Bromopropane, Nitric acid, Copper And Copper Compounds, Nickel And Nickel Compounds and 4 more. Reports carcinogens. 12,049 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 53151STHWS2790S (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 7.6
Metaltek International-Wisco Nsin Centrifugal Div, Waukesha
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Nickel, Chromium, Copper, Manganese and 3 more. Reports carcinogens. 9,201 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 53188WSCNS905EA (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 7.5
Northern Stainless Corp, Pewaukee
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Chromium, Nickel, Copper. Reports carcinogens. 5,156 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 53072NRTHR845HI (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 7.3
Castalloy Inc., Waukesha
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Naphthalene, Phenol, Manganese, Nickel and 2 more. Reports carcinogens. 3,119 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 53186CSTLL1701I (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 7.2
Holcim Solutions & Products (Us) Llc, Waukesha
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Toluene, Xylene (mixed isomers), Ethylbenzene, Carbon tetrachloride and 4 more. Reports carcinogens. 2,848 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 5318WGCWST1245C (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 7.2
Generac Power Systems Inc-Eagle, Eagle
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Chromium, Manganese, Nickel, Copper and 1 more. Reports carcinogens. 2,659 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 53119GNRCP211MU (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 7.1
Bradley Corp, Menomonee Falls
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Dichloromethane, Styrene, Chromium, Manganese and 2 more. Reports carcinogens. 2,240 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 53051BRDLYW142N (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 7.1
Alloy Products Corp, Waukesha
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Nitric acid, Nickel, Chromium. Reports carcinogens. 2,024 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 53187LLYPR1045P (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 7
Essential Inds Inc, Merton
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000416602 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 7
Waukesha Foundry Inc, Waukesha
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Naphthalene, Manganese compounds, Nickel compounds, Chromium compounds (except for chromite ore mined in the Transvaal Region) and 4 more. Reports carcinogens. 1,801 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 53186WKSHF1300L (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 7
Accurate Specialties Inc, Waukesha
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Copper, Lead compounds, Nickel. Reports carcinogens. 1,794 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 53188CCRTSN12W2 (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 7
Quad/Graphics Marketing Llc, Pewaukee
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Certain glycol ethers. 92,484 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 53072QDGRPW224N (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 6.8

Correctional facilities

Prisons, jails and corrections operations with an EPA facility record, and the drinking water and wastewater compliance attached to them.

No correctional facility with an EPA record is located in this county.

Discovery / public records

Records to request for Waukesha County

Wisconsin state cancer registry
Cancer incidence counts by census tract or ZIP code, by cancer type and year (de-identified). Any cancer cluster inquiries or investigations in Waukesha County, and their findings.
Wisconsin vital statistics office
Death certificate counts by cause of death and residence tract or ZIP code, and the years behind the mortality measures above.
Wisconsin health department, environmental epidemiology
Health consultations or assessments by ATSDR or the state health department covering the county, and any exposure investigations.
Wisconsin environmental agency and the U.S. EPA regional office
Compliance history, inspection reports, notices of violation, penalties and enforcement actions for each facility above, cited by EPA FRS registry ID.
Wisconsin drinking water program
Violation notices, sampling results and sanitary surveys for the public water systems serving the county, including any system serving a correctional facility.
Department of corrections or county sheriff
Water testing, grievances and environmental health inspections for the correctional facilities listed above.

Each Envyrofax address report includes a printable records request worksheet with the custodian and the exact request wording per finding.

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