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Sheboygan County, Wisconsin: environmental and disease records

Cancer mortality in Sheboygan County is 143 deaths per 100,000 people per year against a U.S. rate of 143.2. The strongest disease signals are Kidney & renal pelvis deaths at 1.5 times the U.S. rate and Esophagus deaths at 1.4 times the U.S. rate. Federal databases place 519 regulated facilities, sites and hazards inside the county, led by NPDES wastewater discharge permit (202), Rail grade crossing (147), Brownfield property (40). One correctional facility operates in the county. EPA AirToxScreen estimates a lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics of 20 in a million, driven mainly by formaldehyde.

Rates are age-adjusted per 100,000 people. A cancer signal is marked significant when the lower bound of its 95 percent confidence interval is above the U.S. rate. Facility counts use active federal records located inside the county boundary. Approximate county center: 43.715, -87.9328.

How this county ranks in Wisconsin

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Cancer deaths and new cases versus the United States

Source: NCI and CDC State Cancer Profiles, both sexes, all ages. Sorted by the ratio of the county rate to the U.S. rate.

Cancer rates for Sheboygan County compared with the United States
Cancer	Measure	County rate	U.S. rate	Times U.S.	95% interval	Years
Esophagus	New cases	7.3	4.6	1.59xSignificant	5.6 to 9.5	2019-2023
Kidney & renal pelvis	Deaths	5	3.4	1.47xSignificant	3.6 to 6.8	2020-2024
Leukemia	New cases	21.2	14.5	1.46xSignificant	17.9 to 24.8	2019-2023
Esophagus	Deaths	5.2	3.7	1.41xSignificant	3.8 to 7.1	2020-2024
Brain & nervous system	New cases	8.4	6.2	1.35xSignificant	6.3 to 11	2019-2023
Bladder	New cases	23.3	18.7	1.25xSignificant	20.2 to 26.9	2019-2023
Kidney & renal pelvis	New cases	21.1	17.9	1.18x	17.9 to 24.8	2019-2023
Leukemia	Deaths	6.7	5.7	1.18x	5 to 8.8	2020-2024
Bladder	Deaths	4.8	4.1	1.17x	3.4 to 6.7	2020-2024
Pancreas	New cases	15.9	13.9	1.14x	13.3 to 19	2019-2023
Thyroid	New cases	14.8	13	1.14x	12 to 18.2	2019-2023
Lung & bronchus	New cases	57.4	51.8	1.11xSignificant	52.3 to 62.9	2019-2023
Melanoma of the skin	Deaths	2.2	2	1.1x	1.3 to 3.6	2020-2024
Melanoma of the skin	New cases	26.1	23.8	1.1x	22.5 to 30.3	2019-2023
All cancer	New cases	484.9	453.4	1.07xSignificant	469.3 to 501	2019-2023
Pancreas	Deaths	11.8	11.3	1.04x	9.6 to 14.4	2020-2024
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	New cases	19.2	18.5	1.04x	16.2 to 22.6	2019-2023
Brain & nervous system	Deaths	4.4	4.4	1x	3 to 6.2	2020-2024
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	Deaths	4.8	4.8	1x	3.4 to 6.6	2020-2024
All cancer	Deaths	143	143.2	1x	134.9 to 151.6	2020-2024
Lung & bronchus	Deaths	28.2	30.2	0.93x	24.7 to 32.1	2020-2024
Stomach	Deaths	2.4	2.7	0.89x	1.5 to 3.9	2020-2024
Liver & bile duct	Deaths	5.1	6.6	0.77x	3.7 to 7	2020-2024
Stomach	New cases	4.8	6.6	0.73x	3.4 to 6.7	2019-2023
Liver & bile duct	New cases	5.6	8.7	0.64x	4.1 to 7.5	2019-2023

Mortality measures versus the U.S. county median

Source: County Health Rankings, built from CDC National Vital Statistics System death records. The comparison value is the median of all U.S. counties.

Mortality measures for Sheboygan County
Measure	County	U.S. median	Difference	Unit
Premature death	6,925.7	9,842.6	-30%	years of life lost before age 75 per 100,000
Life expectancy	78.1	75.3	+4%	years
Child mortality	54.8	59.8	-8%	deaths under age 18 per 100,000
Infant mortality	5.6	6.2	-9%	deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births
Injury deaths	91.6	96.9	-5%	deaths per 100,000
Drug overdose deaths	26.5	28.6	-7%	deaths per 100,000

Air toxics and air quality

EPA AirToxScreen 2020

Lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics: 20 in a million. EPA treats 100 in a million as the upper end of acceptable risk and 1 in a million as the goal.

Formaldehyde12.88 per million
Carbon Tetrachloride2.99 per million
Acetaldehyde1.25 per million
Naphthalene1.21 per million

EPA Air Quality Index 2025

Monitored on 199 days: 157 good, 7 unhealthy for sensitive groups or worse. Median AQI 41, peak 156.

Regulated facilities, sites and hazards by type

519 active records inside the county from EPA ECHO, TRI, Superfund, Brownfields, NPDES, EIA, FAA, FRA and corrections data.

NPDES wastewater discharge permit202
Rail grade crossing147
Brownfield property40
TRI reporting facility27
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI)27
Small hazardous waste generator21
Air permit holder (minor source)14
Large hazardous waste generator11
Major air pollution source9
Hazardous waste transporter8
EPA air quality monitor2
Public airport2
Large greenhouse gas emitter2
Heliport2
Commercial airport1
Correctional facility (prison or jail)1
Coal power plant1
Gas power plant1
Superfund (NPL) site1

Highest-severity records

The 25 records with the highest Envyrofax severity in the county, with the agency identifier to cite in a records request.

Kohler Co. Landfill, Kohler
Superfund (NPL) site. Hazard Ranking System score 42.9. NPL Site.
EPA site ID WID006073225 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record
Severity 10
Bemis Manufacturing, Sheboygan Falls
TRI reporting facility. Penalties $2,500.
EPA FRS registry ID 110010887479 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 9.3
Edgewater Generating Station, Sheboygan
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Ammonia, Hydrogen fluoride, Hydrochloric acid (acid aerosols including mists, vapors, gas, fog, and other airborne forms of any particle size), Barium compounds (except for barium sulfate (CAS No. 7727-43-7)) and 4 more. Reports carcinogens. 345,370 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 53082DGWTR3739L (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 8.8
Hexion Inc-Sheboygan Site, Sheboygan
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Methanol, Formaldehyde, Phenol, Triethylamine and 2 more. Reports carcinogens. 143,090 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 53081BRDNN2522S (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 8.5
Wisconsin Power And Light, Sheboygan
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000416871 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 8.5
Kohler Co, Kohler
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Benzene, Zinc compounds, Hydrogen fluoride, Lead compounds and 4 more. Reports carcinogens. 121,524 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 53044KHLRC444HI (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 8.4
Sheboygan Paint Co, Sheboygan
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Xylene (mixed isomers), sec-Butyl alcohol, 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene, Certain glycol ethers and 4 more. Reports carcinogens. 52,924 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 53081SHBYG1439N (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 8.1
Nemak Usa Inc-Gateway, Sheboygan
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Chlorine, Manganese, Copper, Aluminum (fume or dust) and 4 more. Reports carcinogens. 45,473 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 53081JLFRN4243G (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 8.1
Saco Aei, Sheboygan
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Methanol, Maleic anhydride, Zinc compounds, Antimony And Antimony Compounds and 2 more. Reports carcinogens. 34,713 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 53081NRTHW322CR (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 8
Aldrich Chemical Co Llc, Sheboygan Falls
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Methyl tert-butyl ether, Dichloromethane, Methanol, Acetonitrile and 4 more. Reports carcinogens. 34,280 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 53085LDRCH6100H (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 8
Plastics Engineering Co, Sheboygan
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Phenol, Methanol, Styrene, Formaldehyde and 4 more. Reports carcinogens. 21,153 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 53083PLSTC2732N (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 7.8
Bemis Manufacturing Co Plant B, Sheboygan Falls
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Ammonia, Certain glycol ethers, Phenol, Zinc compounds. 496,882 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 53085BMSMF300MI (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 7.4
Nemak Gateway Plant, Sheboygan
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000416782 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 7.3
Nemak Usa Inc-Taylor, Sheboygan
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Copper, Nickel, Manganese, Lead and 1 more. Reports carcinogens. 3,745 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 53082JLFRN3101S (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 7.2
Aldrich Chemical Co Llc - Sheboygan Falls Facility, Sheboygan Falls
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000605872 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 7.1
Kohler Company, Kohler
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110064573377 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 6.8
Watry Industries, Sheboygan
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Copper, Lead, Lead compounds. Reports carcinogens. 760 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 5308WWTRYN3312L (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 6.7
Plymouth Foam Inc, Plymouth
Major air pollution source.
EPA FRS registry ID 110002036083 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 6.5
Bemis Manufacturing, Sheboygan Falls
Major air pollution source. Penalties $2,500.
EPA FRS registry ID 110010887479 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 6.5
Kohler Co - Town Of Mosel Plant, Sheboygan
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110007332822 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 6.5
Edgewater, Sheboygan
Coal power plant.
Record ID 4050 (U.S. Energy Information Administration)
Severity 6.4
Plastics Engineering Co N 15th St Plant, Sheboygan
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000747167 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 6.4
Borden Chemical, Inc., Sheboygan Plant, Sheboygan
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000416764 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 6.3
Sheboygan Paint Co., Sheboygan
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000416844 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 6.3
Willman Industries Inc, Cedar Grove
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Lead, Lead And Lead Compounds, Lead compounds, 4,4'-Isopropylidenediphenol. Reports carcinogens. 167 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 53013WLLMN338SM (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 6.2

Correctional facilities

Prisons, jails and corrections operations with an EPA facility record, and the drinking water and wastewater compliance attached to them.

Kettle Moraine Correctional Institution, Plymouth
EPA FRS registry ID
110006463077
Water system
WI4600449
Health-based violations
0 all time, 0 in 5 years
All violations
2
Wastewater permit
Yes
EPA detailed facility report

Discovery / public records

Records to request for Sheboygan County

Wisconsin state cancer registry
Cancer incidence counts by census tract or ZIP code, by cancer type and year (de-identified). Any cancer cluster inquiries or investigations in Sheboygan County, and their findings.
Wisconsin vital statistics office
Death certificate counts by cause of death and residence tract or ZIP code, and the years behind the mortality measures above.
Wisconsin health department, environmental epidemiology
Health consultations or assessments by ATSDR or the state health department covering the county, and any exposure investigations.
Wisconsin environmental agency and the U.S. EPA regional office
Compliance history, inspection reports, notices of violation, penalties and enforcement actions for each facility above, cited by EPA FRS registry ID.
Wisconsin drinking water program
Violation notices, sampling results and sanitary surveys for the public water systems serving the county, including any system serving a correctional facility.
Department of corrections or county sheriff
Water testing, grievances and environmental health inspections for the correctional facilities listed above.

Each Envyrofax address report includes a printable records request worksheet with the custodian and the exact request wording per finding.

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