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Door County, Wisconsin: environmental and disease records

Cancer mortality in Door County is 137.4 deaths per 100,000 people per year against a U.S. rate of 143.2. Federal databases place 113 regulated facilities, sites and hazards inside the county, led by NPDES wastewater discharge permit (59), Gas station (mapped facility) (21), Public airport (5). EPA AirToxScreen estimates a lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics of 20 in a million, driven mainly by formaldehyde.

Rates are age-adjusted per 100,000 people. A cancer signal is marked significant when the lower bound of its 95 percent confidence interval is above the U.S. rate. Facility counts use active federal records located inside the county boundary. Approximate county center: 44.9868, -87.2677.

How this county ranks in Wisconsin

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Cancer deaths and new cases versus the United States

Source: NCI and CDC State Cancer Profiles, both sexes, all ages. Sorted by the ratio of the county rate to the U.S. rate.

Cancer rates for Door County compared with the United States
Cancer	Measure	County rate	U.S. rate	Times U.S.	95% interval	Years
Leukemia	New cases	22.2	14.5	1.53xSignificant	15.9 to 30.5	2019-2023
Esophagus	New cases	6.6	4.6	1.43x	3.6 to 11.8	2019-2023
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	Deaths	6.2	4.8	1.29x	3.2 to 11.3	2020-2024
Bladder	New cases	21.9	18.7	1.17x	17 to 28.4	2019-2023
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	New cases	21.1	18.5	1.14x	15.7 to 28.3	2019-2023
Pancreas	New cases	15.4	13.9	1.11x	11 to 21.6	2019-2023
Melanoma of the skin	New cases	25.5	23.8	1.07x	18.5 to 34.7	2019-2023
All cancer	New cases	456.3	453.4	1.01x	428.3 to 486	2019-2023
Thyroid	New cases	12.5	13	0.96x	7 to 20.6	2019-2023
All cancer	Deaths	137.4	143.2	0.96x	124 to 152.3	2020-2024
Lung & bronchus	Deaths	28.7	30.2	0.95x	23.2 to 35.7	2020-2024
Lung & bronchus	New cases	47	51.8	0.91x	39.7 to 55.9	2019-2023
Kidney & renal pelvis	New cases	16	17.9	0.89x	11.2 to 22.8	2019-2023
Pancreas	Deaths	9.6	11.3	0.85x	6.4 to 14.7	2020-2024
Liver & bile duct	Deaths	5.1	6.6	0.77x	3 to 9.1	2020-2024
Liver & bile duct	New cases	4.9	8.7	0.56x	2.8 to 9	2019-2023

Mortality measures versus the U.S. county median

Source: County Health Rankings, built from CDC National Vital Statistics System death records. The comparison value is the median of all U.S. counties.

Mortality measures for Door County
Measure	County	U.S. median	Difference	Unit
Premature death	5,837.1	9,842.6	-41%	years of life lost before age 75 per 100,000
Life expectancy	80.2	75.3	+7%	years
Child mortality	n/a	59.8	n/a	deaths under age 18 per 100,000
Infant mortality	n/a	6.2	n/a	deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births
Injury deaths	113.1	96.9	+17%	deaths per 100,000
Drug overdose deaths	12.4	28.6	-57%	deaths per 100,000

Air toxics and air quality

EPA AirToxScreen 2020

Lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics: 20 in a million. EPA treats 100 in a million as the upper end of acceptable risk and 1 in a million as the goal.

Formaldehyde9.9 per million
Carbon Tetrachloride3.01 per million
Acetaldehyde0.93 per million
Benzene0.78 per million

EPA Air Quality Index 2025

Monitored on 198 days: 170 good, 1 unhealthy for sensitive groups or worse. Median AQI 38, peak 108.

Regulated facilities, sites and hazards by type

113 active records inside the county from EPA ECHO, TRI, Superfund, Brownfields, NPDES, EIA, FAA, FRA and corrections data.

NPDES wastewater discharge permit59
Gas station (mapped facility)21
Public airport5
Wastewater plant (mapped facility)5
Air permit holder (minor source)4
Small hazardous waste generator4
Brownfield property3
Landfill (mapped facility)2
TRI reporting facility2
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI)2
EPA air quality monitor1
Commercial airport1
Large hazardous waste generator1
Heliport1
Oil-fired power plant1
Scrapyard (mapped facility)1

Highest-severity records

The 25 records with the highest Envyrofax severity in the county, with the agency identifier to cite in a records request.

Fincantieri Marine Group Dba Fincantieri Bay Shipbuilding, Sturgeon Bay
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Xylene (mixed isomers), Manganese. 35,890 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 54235BYSHP605N3 (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 6.5
Bay Shipbuilding Corp., Sturgeon Bay
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110058125513 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 5.3
Therma-Tron-X Inc., Sturgeon Bay
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Nickel, Chromium. Reports carcinogens.
TRI facility ID 5423WTHRMT1155S (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 4.5
Wte-S&S Ag Enterprises Llc, Sturgeon Bay
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110041249761 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.5
Therma-Tron-X Inc, Sturgeon Bay
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110005439855 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.3
Washington Island, Washington Island
Oil-fired power plant.
Record ID 4148 (U.S. Energy Information Administration)
Severity 4
Baileys Harbor Wastewater Treatment Facility, Baileys Harbor
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110010885881 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
Fish Creek Sanitary District No 1, Fish Creek
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110010886470 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
Ephraim Wastewater Treatment Facility, Ephraim
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110039716242 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.8
Sturgeon Bay Utilities, Sturgeon Bay
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110039959275 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.5
Bay Shipbuilding Corp., Sturgeon Bay
Large hazardous waste generator.
EPA FRS registry ID 110058125513 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.3
Bay Shipbuilding Corp., Sturgeon Bay
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110058125513 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.3
Niagare Discovery Ctr, Ellison Bay
Brownfield property.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071975213 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record
Severity 3
Former Olsen Motel, Ellison Bay
Brownfield property.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071979194 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record
Severity 3
Wiltse Property, Sister Bay
Brownfield property.
EPA FRS registry ID 110072114752 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record
Severity 3
Forestville Wastewater Treatment Facility, Forestville
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110010887120 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2.3
Hi Tech Fabrication, Sturgeon Bay
Small hazardous waste generator.
EPA FRS registry ID 110031294310 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2
Washington Island, Washington Island
Public airport. O.
Record ID 2P2 (FAA / U.S. DOT)
Severity 2
Ephraim/Gibraltar, Ephraim
Public airport. O.
Record ID 3D2 (FAA / U.S. DOT)
Severity 2
Door County Cherryland, Sturgeon Bay
Commercial airport. O.
Record ID SUE (FAA / U.S. DOT)
Severity 2
Wastewater Plant
Wastewater plant (mapped facility). Mapped facility presence only; no compliance or exposure measurements.
Record ID way/1005278781 (OpenStreetMap contributors) Agency record
Severity 2
RV Dump Station
Wastewater plant (mapped facility). Mapped facility presence only; no compliance or exposure measurements.
Record ID way/1183482485 (OpenStreetMap contributors) Agency record
Severity 2
Fish Creek Sanitary District
Wastewater plant (mapped facility). Mapped facility presence only; no compliance or exposure measurements.
Record ID way/1183735625 (OpenStreetMap contributors) Agency record
Severity 2
RV Dump Station
Wastewater plant (mapped facility). Mapped facility presence only; no compliance or exposure measurements.
Record ID way/1197825542 (OpenStreetMap contributors) Agency record
Severity 2
Wastewater Plant
Wastewater plant (mapped facility). Mapped facility presence only; no compliance or exposure measurements.
Record ID way/158593333 (OpenStreetMap contributors) Agency record
Severity 2

Correctional facilities

Prisons, jails and corrections operations with an EPA facility record, and the drinking water and wastewater compliance attached to them.

No correctional facility with an EPA record is located in this county.

Discovery / public records

Records to request for Door County

Wisconsin state cancer registry
Cancer incidence counts by census tract or ZIP code, by cancer type and year (de-identified). Any cancer cluster inquiries or investigations in Door County, and their findings.
Wisconsin vital statistics office
Death certificate counts by cause of death and residence tract or ZIP code, and the years behind the mortality measures above.
Wisconsin health department, environmental epidemiology
Health consultations or assessments by ATSDR or the state health department covering the county, and any exposure investigations.
Wisconsin environmental agency and the U.S. EPA regional office
Compliance history, inspection reports, notices of violation, penalties and enforcement actions for each facility above, cited by EPA FRS registry ID.
Wisconsin drinking water program
Violation notices, sampling results and sanitary surveys for the public water systems serving the county, including any system serving a correctional facility.
Department of corrections or county sheriff
Water testing, grievances and environmental health inspections for the correctional facilities listed above.

Each Envyrofax address report includes a printable records request worksheet with the custodian and the exact request wording per finding.

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