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Chittenden County, Vermont: environmental and disease records

Cancer mortality in Chittenden County is 137.5 deaths per 100,000 people per year against a U.S. rate of 143.2. Federal databases place 867 regulated facilities, sites and hazards inside the county, led by NPDES wastewater discharge permit (363), Brownfield property (101), Gas station (mapped facility) (92). One correctional facility operates in the county. EPA AirToxScreen estimates a lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics of 30 in a million, driven mainly by formaldehyde.

Rates are age-adjusted per 100,000 people. A cancer signal is marked significant when the lower bound of its 95 percent confidence interval is above the U.S. rate. Facility counts use active federal records located inside the county boundary. Approximate county center: 44.4432, -73.0527.

How this county ranks in Vermont

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Cancer deaths and new cases versus the United States

Source: NCI and CDC State Cancer Profiles, both sexes, all ages. Sorted by the ratio of the county rate to the U.S. rate.

Cancer rates for Chittenden County compared with the United States
CancerMeasureCounty rateU.S. rateTimes U.S.95% intervalYears
Melanoma of the skinNew cases40.923.81.72xSignificant36.8 to 45.32019-2023
Brain & nervous systemDeaths5.64.41.27x4.2 to 7.42020-2024
EsophagusNew cases5.84.61.26x4.4 to 7.52019-2023
EsophagusDeaths4.43.71.19x3.2 to 5.92020-2024
BladderNew cases21.318.71.14x18.5 to 24.42019-2023
Brain & nervous systemNew cases76.21.13x5.3 to 92019-2023
Non-Hodgkin lymphomaNew cases2018.51.08x17.3 to 23.12019-2023
Childhood cancer (under 15)New cases17.516.41.07x10.8 to 26.72019-2023
StomachDeaths2.82.71.04x1.8 to 4.12020-2024
LeukemiaDeaths5.95.71.04x4.5 to 7.62020-2024
PancreasDeaths11.611.31.03x9.7 to 13.92020-2024
All cancerNew cases463.2453.41.02x449.6 to 477.22019-2023
LeukemiaNew cases14.214.50.98x11.9 to 16.92019-2023
Lung & bronchusNew cases50.551.80.97x46.2 to 55.12019-2023
All cancerDeaths137.5143.20.96x130.4 to 144.92020-2024
Non-Hodgkin lymphomaDeaths4.64.80.96x3.3 to 6.12020-2024
PancreasNew cases13.213.90.95x11.1 to 15.72019-2023
Lung & bronchusDeaths26.930.20.89x23.9 to 30.32020-2024
Liver & bile ductNew cases7.68.70.87x5.9 to 9.62019-2023
BladderDeaths3.54.10.85x2.5 to 4.92020-2024
Liver & bile ductDeaths4.86.60.73x3.6 to 6.32020-2024
StomachNew cases4.76.60.71x3.4 to 6.32019-2023
Kidney & renal pelvisDeaths2.43.40.71x1.6 to 3.62020-2024
Kidney & renal pelvisNew cases12.417.90.69x10.2 to 14.82019-2023
ThyroidNew cases8.9130.68x7 to 11.22019-2023

Mortality measures versus the U.S. county median

Source: County Health Rankings, built from CDC National Vital Statistics System death records. The comparison value is the median of all U.S. counties.

Mortality measures for Chittenden County
MeasureCountyU.S. medianDifferenceUnit
Premature death5,479.79,842.6-44%years of life lost before age 75 per 100,000
Life expectancy80.875.3+7%years
Child mortality27.859.8-53%deaths under age 18 per 100,000
Infant mortality4.36.2-31%deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births
Injury deaths80.296.9-17%deaths per 100,000
Drug overdose deaths29.128.6+2%deaths per 100,000

Air toxics and air quality

EPA AirToxScreen 2020

Lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics: 30 in a million. EPA treats 100 in a million as the upper end of acceptable risk and 1 in a million as the goal.

  • Formaldehyde14.57 per million
  • Carbon Tetrachloride3.02 per million
  • Acetaldehyde1.77 per million
  • Naphthalene1.65 per million

EPA Air Quality Index 2025

Monitored on 365 days: 320 good, 4 unhealthy for sensitive groups or worse. Median AQI 38, peak 156.

Regulated facilities, sites and hazards by type

867 active records inside the county from EPA ECHO, TRI, Superfund, Brownfields, NPDES, EIA, FAA, FRA and corrections data.

  • NPDES wastewater discharge permit363
  • Brownfield property101
  • Gas station (mapped facility)92
  • Rail grade crossing82
  • Air permit holder (minor source)51
  • Small hazardous waste generator46
  • Auto repair or body shop (mapped facility)44
  • Public airport11
  • Hazardous waste transporter11
  • Solar power plant11
  • Large hazardous waste generator10
  • Hydroelectric plant6
  • TRI reporting facility5
  • Toxic chemical release facility (TRI)5
  • Dry cleaner (mapped facility)3
  • Wastewater plant (mapped facility)3
  • EPA air quality monitor2
  • Airfield2
  • Crematorium (mapped facility)2
  • Large greenhouse gas emitter2
  • Heliport2
  • Landfill (mapped facility)2
  • Oil-fired power plant2
  • Superfund (NPL) site2
  • Major air pollution source1
  • Commercial airport1
  • Correctional facility (prison or jail)1
  • Battery storage plant1
  • Biomass power plant1
  • Wind power plant1
  • Scrapyard (mapped facility)1

Highest-severity records

The 25 records with the highest Envyrofax severity in the county, with the agency identifier to cite in a records request.

  1. Commerce Street Plume, Williston

    Superfund (NPL) site. Hazard Ranking System score 48.5. NPL Site.

    EPA site ID VTD098352545 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record

    Severity 10

  2. Pine Street Canal, Burlington

    Superfund (NPL) site. NPL Site.

    EPA site ID VTD980523062 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record

    Severity 10

  3. U.S. Army National Guard Ethan Allen Firing Range, Jericho

    Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Copper, Lead. Reports carcinogens. 131,513 lbs released over 5 years.

    TRI facility ID 05465SRMYTETHAN (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

    Severity 8.4

  4. Globalfoundries U.S. 2 Llc - Vermont Facility, Essex Junction

    Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Nitrate compounds (water dissociable; reportable only when in aqueous solution), Ammonia, Hydrogen fluoride, Nitric acid and 4 more. 739,532 lbs released over 5 years.

    TRI facility ID 05452BMXXX1000R (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

    Severity 7.5

  5. Globalfoundries, Essex Junction

    TRI reporting facility.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110070828160 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 7.4

  6. Joseph C. Mcneil Generating Station, Burlington

    Major air pollution source.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110005293592 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 6.5

  7. Us Army N.G. Ethan Allen Firing Range, Jericho

    TRI reporting facility.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110037143365 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 6.1

  8. Joseph C. Mcneil Generating Station, Burlington

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110005293592 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 6

  9. Hinesburg Wastewater Treatment Facility, Hinesburg

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110010911335 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 6

  10. Joseph C. Mcneil Generating Station, Burlington

    Large greenhouse gas emitter.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110005293592 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 5.5

  11. Pike Industries Inc. - Williston Vt (P800), Williston

    Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Polycyclic aromatic compounds, Benzo[g,h,i]perylene, Lead. Reports carcinogens. 17 lbs released over 5 years.

    TRI facility ID 0549WPKNDS346AV (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

    Severity 5.5

  12. Ibm Systems & Technology Semiconductor Facility, Essex Junction

    Large hazardous waste generator.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000314847 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 5

  13. Ibm Systems & Technology Semiconductor Facility, Essex Junction

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000314847 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 5

  14. Burlington Riverside Wastewater Treatment Plant, Burlington

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110006619917 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 5

  15. Burlington Main Wastewater Treatment Plant, Burlington

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110024908607 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 5

  16. Patrick Leahy Burlington Intl, Burlington

    Commercial airport. O.

    Record ID BTV (FAA / U.S. DOT)

    Severity 5

  17. Winooski Sewage Treatment Plant, Winooski

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110006620022 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 4.8

  18. Burlington North End Wastewater Treatment Facility, Burlington

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110020045217 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 4.8

  19. Ibm Systems & Technology Semiconductor Facility, Essex Junction

    Large greenhouse gas emitter.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000314847 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 4.5

  20. Essex Junction Wastewater Treatment Facility, Essex Junction

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110010911549 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 4.5

  21. City of Burlington Parking Lot, Burlington

    EPA air quality monitor.

    Record ID 500070014 (U.S. EPA AirData)

    Severity 4.4

  22. Pike Industries Inc, Williston

    TRI reporting facility.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110043670113 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 4.3

  23. South Burlington Wastewater Treatment Facility, South Burlington

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110002052073 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 4.3

  24. Burlington Gt, Burlington

    Oil-fired power plant.

    Record ID 3754 (U.S. Energy Information Administration)

    Severity 4

  25. Colchester 16, Colchester

    Oil-fired power plant.

    Record ID 3735 (U.S. Energy Information Administration)

    Severity 4

Correctional facilities

Prisons, jails and corrections operations with an EPA facility record, and the drinking water and wastewater compliance attached to them.

  • Chittenden Regional Correctional Facility, South Burlington

    EPA FRS registry ID
    110012563653
    Wastewater permit
    None on record

    EPA detailed facility report

Discovery / public records

Records to request for Chittenden County

  • Vermont state cancer registry

    Cancer incidence counts by census tract or ZIP code, by cancer type and year (de-identified). Any cancer cluster inquiries or investigations in Chittenden County, and their findings.

  • Vermont vital statistics office

    Death certificate counts by cause of death and residence tract or ZIP code, and the years behind the mortality measures above.

  • Vermont health department, environmental epidemiology

    Health consultations or assessments by ATSDR or the state health department covering the county, and any exposure investigations.

  • Vermont environmental agency and the U.S. EPA regional office

    Compliance history, inspection reports, notices of violation, penalties and enforcement actions for each facility above, cited by EPA FRS registry ID.

  • Vermont drinking water program

    Violation notices, sampling results and sanitary surveys for the public water systems serving the county, including any system serving a correctional facility.

  • Department of corrections or county sheriff

    Water testing, grievances and environmental health inspections for the correctional facilities listed above.

Each Envyrofax address report includes a printable records request worksheet with the custodian and the exact request wording per finding.

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