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Richmond city, Virginia: environmental and disease records

Cancer mortality in Richmond city is 141.9 deaths per 100,000 people per year against a U.S. rate of 143.2. Federal databases place 828 regulated facilities, sites and hazards inside the county, led by Air permit holder (minor source) (258), NPDES wastewater discharge permit (165), Brownfield property (97). One correctional facility operates in the county. EPA AirToxScreen estimates a lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics of 50 in a million, driven mainly by formaldehyde.

Rates are age-adjusted per 100,000 people. A cancer signal is marked significant when the lower bound of its 95 percent confidence interval is above the U.S. rate. Facility counts use active federal records located inside the county boundary. Approximate county center: 37.5251, -77.4613.

How this county ranks in Virginia

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Cancer deaths and new cases versus the United States

Source: NCI and CDC State Cancer Profiles, both sexes, all ages. Sorted by the ratio of the county rate to the U.S. rate.

Cancer rates for Richmond city compared with the United States
CancerMeasureCounty rateU.S. rateTimes U.S.95% intervalYears
Liver & bile ductNew cases11.58.71.32xSignificant9.7 to 13.62019-2023
Lung & bronchusNew cases59.951.81.16xSignificant55.5 to 64.62019-2023
StomachDeaths3.12.71.15x2.2 to 4.42020-2024
Liver & bile ductDeaths7.26.61.09x5.7 to 8.92020-2024
Kidney & renal pelvisNew cases19.317.91.08x16.8 to 22.12019-2023
Lung & bronchusDeaths32.230.21.07x29 to 35.62020-2024
PancreasNew cases1413.91.01x11.9 to 16.42019-2023
Childhood cancer (under 15)New cases16.516.41.01x11.1 to 23.62019-2023
StomachNew cases6.66.61x5.2 to 8.42019-2023
All cancerDeaths141.9143.20.99x135.1 to 149.12020-2024
All cancerNew cases448.3453.40.99x436 to 460.82019-2023
PancreasDeaths10.411.30.92x8.7 to 12.52020-2024
LeukemiaDeaths5.15.70.89x3.8 to 6.62020-2024
BladderDeaths3.64.10.88x2.6 to 4.92020-2024
Brain & nervous systemNew cases5.46.20.87x4.1 to 72019-2023
Non-Hodgkin lymphomaNew cases15.718.50.85x13.5 to 18.32019-2023
Brain & nervous systemDeaths3.74.40.84x2.7 to 5.12020-2024
Kidney & renal pelvisDeaths2.83.40.82x1.9 to 42020-2024
BladderNew cases15.118.70.81x12.9 to 17.52019-2023
LeukemiaNew cases11.114.50.77x9.2 to 13.32019-2023
EsophagusNew cases3.54.60.76x2.5 to 4.72019-2023
Non-Hodgkin lymphomaDeaths3.34.80.69x2.3 to 4.52020-2024
Melanoma of the skinNew cases15.923.80.67x13.6 to 18.32019-2023
ThyroidNew cases8.4130.65x6.7 to 10.32019-2023
EsophagusDeaths2.23.70.59x1.4 to 3.22020-2024

Mortality measures versus the U.S. county median

Source: County Health Rankings, built from CDC National Vital Statistics System death records. The comparison value is the median of all U.S. counties.

Mortality measures for Richmond city
MeasureCountyU.S. medianDifferenceUnit
Premature death12,129.79,842.6+23%years of life lost before age 75 per 100,000
Life expectancy74.475.3-1%years
Child mortality109.459.8+83%deaths under age 18 per 100,000
Infant mortality9.16.2+46%deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births
Injury deaths13296.9+36%deaths per 100,000
Drug overdose deaths83.728.6+193%deaths per 100,000

Air toxics and air quality

EPA AirToxScreen 2020

Lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics: 50 in a million. EPA treats 100 in a million as the upper end of acceptable risk and 1 in a million as the goal.

  • Formaldehyde22.63 per million
  • Ethylene Oxide12.14 per million
  • Carbon Tetrachloride2.97 per million
  • Acetaldehyde2.27 per million

EPA Air Quality Index 2025

Monitored on 365 days: 288 good, 0 unhealthy for sensitive groups or worse. Median AQI 36, peak 77.

Regulated facilities, sites and hazards by type

828 active records inside the county from EPA ECHO, TRI, Superfund, Brownfields, NPDES, EIA, FAA, FRA and corrections data.

  • Air permit holder (minor source)258
  • NPDES wastewater discharge permit165
  • Brownfield property97
  • Small hazardous waste generator79
  • Gas station (mapped facility)68
  • Rail grade crossing59
  • Auto repair or body shop (mapped facility)33
  • Large hazardous waste generator17
  • Dry cleaner (mapped facility)8
  • Hazardous waste transporter8
  • Major air pollution source7
  • Toxic chemical release facility (TRI)7
  • Heliport6
  • TRI reporting facility6
  • Large greenhouse gas emitter4
  • Scrapyard (mapped facility)3
  • EPA air quality monitor1
  • Correctional facility (prison or jail)1
  • Gas power plant1

Highest-severity records

The 25 records with the highest Envyrofax severity in the county, with the agency identifier to cite in a records request.

  1. Carpenter Co Richmond Plant, Richmond

    Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Diisocyanates, Toluene diisocyanate (mixed isomers), Ethylene glycol, Diethanolamine. Reports carcinogens. 6,940 lbs released over 5 years.

    TRI facility ID 23234RCRPN2400J (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

    Severity 7.4

  2. Brenntag Mid-South Inc., Richmond

    Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Methanol, Barium compounds (except for barium sulfate (CAS No. 7727-43-7)), Styrene. Reports carcinogens. 4,990 lbs released over 5 years.

    TRI facility ID 2322WBRNNT738GD (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

    Severity 7.3

  3. Kinder Morgan Transmix Co Llc, Richmond

    Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Xylene (mixed isomers), Toluene, 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene, Benzene and 3 more. Reports carcinogens. 3,913 lbs released over 5 years.

    TRI facility ID 23234PRMRY3302D (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

    Severity 7.3

  4. Philip Morris Usa Commerce Road Site, Richmond

    Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Nicotine and salts. 42,019 lbs released over 5 years.

    TRI facility ID 23234PHLLP3601C (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

    Severity 6.5

  5. Carpenter Company Richmond Plant, Richmond

    TRI reporting facility.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000868017 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 6.5

  6. Upaco Adhesives Inc, Richmond

    Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Toluene, Xylene (mixed isomers), n-Hexane. 32,760 lbs released over 5 years.

    TRI facility ID 23234PCDHS4105C (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

    Severity 6.5

  7. City Of Richmond Wastewater Treatment Plant, Richmond

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $54,041.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000540424 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 6.3

  8. Philip Morris Usa Inc - Manufacturing Center Complex, Richmond

    TRI reporting facility.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000869793 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 6

  9. Reco Biodiesel Llc, Richmond

    Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Methanol. 3,010 lbs released over 5 years.

    TRI facility ID 2321WRCBDS71HSP (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

    Severity 5.7

  10. Upaco Adhesives - Division Of Worthen Industries, Richmond

    TRI reporting facility.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000341880 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 5.6

  11. Brenntag Mid-South, Inc., Richmond

    TRI reporting facility.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110071242424 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 5.4

  12. Km Deepwater Terminal, Richmond

    TRI reporting facility.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000869828 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 5.3

  13. Sonoco Products Co, Richmond

    TRI reporting facility.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110001889225 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 5.3

  14. Westvaco Corp - Plant 4, Richmond

    Major air pollution source. Penalties $30,069.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000341755 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 5

  15. Bryan Park, Richmond

    EPA air quality monitor.

    Record ID 517600025 (U.S. EPA AirData)

    Severity 4.8

  16. Sonoco Richmond, Richmond

    Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Lead. Reports carcinogens. 1 lbs released over 5 years.

    TRI facility ID 23224SNCPR1850C (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

    Severity 4.8

  17. Westvaco Corp - Plant 4, Richmond

    Large hazardous waste generator. Penalties $30,069.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000341755 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 4.5

  18. Carpenter Company Richmond Plant, Richmond

    Large hazardous waste generator.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000868017 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 4

  19. Cogentrix Of Virginia, Richmond

    Major air pollution source.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000868865 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 4

  20. Production Metal Finishers, Inc, Richmond

    Air permit holder (minor source). Penalties $12,500.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110001906126 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 4

  21. Falling Creek Sewage Treatment Plant Chesterfied County Board, Richmond

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110010843383 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 4

  22. Philip Morris Usa Inc - Manufacturing Center Complex, Richmond

    Major air pollution source.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000869793 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 3.8

  23. Sonoco Products Co, Richmond

    Large greenhouse gas emitter.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110001889225 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 3.8

  24. Cogentrix Of Virginia, Richmond

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000868865 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 3.5

  25. Bellmeade Power Station, Richmond

    Major air pollution source.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110002404390 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 3.5

Correctional facilities

Prisons, jails and corrections operations with an EPA facility record, and the drinking water and wastewater compliance attached to them.

Discovery / public records

Records to request for Richmond city

  • Virginia state cancer registry

    Cancer incidence counts by census tract or ZIP code, by cancer type and year (de-identified). Any cancer cluster inquiries or investigations in Richmond city, and their findings.

  • Virginia vital statistics office

    Death certificate counts by cause of death and residence tract or ZIP code, and the years behind the mortality measures above.

  • Virginia health department, environmental epidemiology

    Health consultations or assessments by ATSDR or the state health department covering the county, and any exposure investigations.

  • Virginia environmental agency and the U.S. EPA regional office

    Compliance history, inspection reports, notices of violation, penalties and enforcement actions for each facility above, cited by EPA FRS registry ID.

  • Virginia drinking water program

    Violation notices, sampling results and sanitary surveys for the public water systems serving the county, including any system serving a correctional facility.

  • Department of corrections or county sheriff

    Water testing, grievances and environmental health inspections for the correctional facilities listed above.

Each Envyrofax address report includes a printable records request worksheet with the custodian and the exact request wording per finding.

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