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Goochland County, Virginia: environmental and disease records

Cancer mortality in Goochland County is 125.7 deaths per 100,000 people per year against a U.S. rate of 143.2. Federal databases place 206 regulated facilities, sites and hazards inside the county, led by NPDES wastewater discharge permit (93), Rail grade crossing (39), Air permit holder (minor source) (34). 5 correctional facilities operate in the county, at least one with health-based drinking water violations on record. EPA AirToxScreen estimates a lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics of 30 in a million, driven mainly by formaldehyde.

Rates are age-adjusted per 100,000 people. A cancer signal is marked significant when the lower bound of its 95 percent confidence interval is above the U.S. rate. Facility counts use active federal records located inside the county boundary. Approximate county center: 37.7351, -77.9689.

How this county ranks in Virginia

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Cancer deaths and new cases versus the United States

Source: NCI and CDC State Cancer Profiles, both sexes, all ages. Sorted by the ratio of the county rate to the U.S. rate.

Cancer rates for Goochland County compared with the United States
Cancer	Measure	County rate	U.S. rate	Times U.S.	95% interval	Years
Melanoma of the skin	New cases	36.3	23.8	1.53xSignificant	28 to 46.6	2019-2023
Leukemia	Deaths	7.7	5.7	1.35x	4.3 to 13.3	2020-2024
Thyroid	New cases	13.5	13	1.04x	7.5 to 22.3	2019-2023
All cancer	New cases	467.4	453.4	1.03x	436.9 to 499.7	2019-2023
Lung & bronchus	New cases	52.9	51.8	1.02x	43.6 to 64.1	2019-2023
Kidney & renal pelvis	New cases	18.2	17.9	1.02x	13.1 to 25.4	2019-2023
Pancreas	New cases	13.5	13.9	0.97x	8.9 to 20.2	2019-2023
Bladder	New cases	17.5	18.7	0.94x	12.4 to 24.6	2019-2023
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	New cases	16.4	18.5	0.89x	10.8 to 24.4	2019-2023
All cancer	Deaths	125.7	143.2	0.88x	111 to 142.3	2020-2024
Leukemia	New cases	12.7	14.5	0.88x	7.9 to 19.8	2019-2023
Liver & bile duct	New cases	7.5	8.7	0.86x	4.4 to 12.9	2019-2023
Lung & bronchus	Deaths	25.4	30.2	0.84x	19.4 to 33.3	2020-2024
Pancreas	Deaths	8	11.3	0.71x	4.8 to 13.3	2020-2024

Mortality measures versus the U.S. county median

Source: County Health Rankings, built from CDC National Vital Statistics System death records. The comparison value is the median of all U.S. counties.

Mortality measures for Goochland County
Measure	County	U.S. median	Difference	Unit
Premature death	6,389.8	9,842.6	-35%	years of life lost before age 75 per 100,000
Life expectancy	80.2	75.3	+7%	years
Child mortality	n/a	59.8	n/a	deaths under age 18 per 100,000
Infant mortality	n/a	6.2	n/a	deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births
Injury deaths	74	96.9	-24%	deaths per 100,000
Drug overdose deaths	19.7	28.6	-31%	deaths per 100,000

Air toxics and air quality

EPA AirToxScreen 2020

Lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics: 30 in a million. EPA treats 100 in a million as the upper end of acceptable risk and 1 in a million as the goal.

Formaldehyde19.9 per million
Carbon Tetrachloride2.96 per million
Acetaldehyde2.11 per million
Ethylene Oxide1.26 per million

EPA Air Quality Index

No EPA air quality monitor reports daily AQI for this county.

Regulated facilities, sites and hazards by type

206 active records inside the county from EPA ECHO, TRI, Superfund, Brownfields, NPDES, EIA, FAA, FRA and corrections data.

NPDES wastewater discharge permit93
Rail grade crossing39
Air permit holder (minor source)34
Gas station (mapped facility)15
Correctional facility (prison or jail)5
Public airport4
Auto repair or body shop (mapped facility)4
Small hazardous waste generator4
Large hazardous waste generator2
Major air pollution source1
Landfill (mapped facility)1
Oil-fired power plant1
Solar power plant1
Scrapyard (mapped facility)1
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI)1

Highest-severity records

The 25 records with the highest Envyrofax severity in the county, with the agency identifier to cite in a records request.

Rockville 1 & 2, Rockville
Oil-fired power plant.
Record ID 56692 (U.S. Energy Information Administration)
Severity 4
Heritage-Crystal Clean Llc - Richmond Recycling Center, Rockville
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Ethylene glycol. 10 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 2314WHRTGC2353L (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 3.8
Ingenco - Rockville Plant, Rockville
Major air pollution source.
EPA FRS registry ID 110006825579 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.5
Lee Hy Construction Rockville Plant 5, Rockville
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110070876150 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.3
Doc - Va Correctional Center For Women, Goochland
Large hazardous waste generator.
EPA FRS registry ID 110001887147 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3
Amazon.Com Services Llc - Ric6, Rockville
Large hazardous waste generator.
EPA FRS registry ID 110072242643 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3
Doc - Powhatan Correctional Center, State Farm
Small hazardous waste generator.
EPA FRS registry ID 110042088353 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2.5
Doc - Powhatan Correctional Center, State Farm
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110042088353 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2.5
Songbird Subdivision, Manakin-Sabot
NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $3,308.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071668851 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2.5
Manakin Farms Wastewater Treatment Plant (Wwtp), Manakin
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110010916027 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2
Vdot Interstate 64 Goochland Rest Area, Goochland
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110010916410 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2
Doc - James River Correctional Center, State Farm
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110022449983 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2
Doc - Powhatan Correctional Center, State Farm
Air permit holder (minor source).
EPA FRS registry ID 110042088353 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2
S B Cox Ready Mix Inc - Goochland Plant, Rockville
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110069429201 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2
Western Convenience Center
Landfill (mapped facility). Mapped facility presence only; no compliance or exposure measurements.
Record ID way/289668809 (OpenStreetMap contributors) Agency record
Severity 2
Luck Stone Corporation - Rockville Quarry, Rockville
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110002083879 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.8
Oilville Pit Stop Car Wash, Oilville
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110070561205 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.8
Elk Hill Farm Wwtp, Goochland
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071711240 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.8
Doc - Powhatan Correctional Center, State Farm
Correctional facility (prison or jail).
EPA FRS registry ID 110042088353 (U.S. EPA ECHO + SDWIS) Agency record
Severity 1.7
Doc - James River Correctional Center, State Farm
Correctional facility (prison or jail).
EPA FRS registry ID 110022449983 (U.S. EPA ECHO + SDWIS) Agency record
Severity 1.6
Doc - Va Correctional Center For Women, Goochland
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110001887147 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.5
Essex Concrete Corporation - Rockville, Goochland
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110002033175 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.5
Columbia Gas Transmission Corp-Goochland, Manakin Sabot
Small hazardous waste generator.
EPA FRS registry ID 110005235815 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.5
Goochland Co Transfer Sta., Goochland
Small hazardous waste generator.
EPA FRS registry ID 110005292147 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.5
Jsrcc Western Campus, Goochland
Small hazardous waste generator.
EPA FRS registry ID 110008190732 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.5

Correctional facilities

Prisons, jails and corrections operations with an EPA facility record, and the drinking water and wastewater compliance attached to them.

Doc - Powhatan Correctional Center, State Farm
EPA FRS registry ID
110042088353
Wastewater permit
Yes, 4 quarters in noncompliance
EPA detailed facility report
Doc - James River Correctional Center, State Farm
EPA FRS registry ID
110022449983
Water system
VA4075735
Health-based violations
6 all time, 0 in 5 years
All violations
11
Contaminants cited
Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule, TTHM, Total Haloacetic Acids (HAA5)
Wastewater permit
Yes, 2 quarters in noncompliance
EPA detailed facility report
Doc - Va Correctional Center For Women, Goochland
EPA FRS registry ID
110001887147
Wastewater permit
Yes
EPA detailed facility report
Deep Meadow Correctional Center, State Farm
EPA FRS registry ID
110008201659
Wastewater permit
None on record
EPA detailed facility report
James River Correctional Center Force Main, Goochland
EPA FRS registry ID
110072149831
Wastewater permit
Yes
EPA detailed facility report

Discovery / public records

Records to request for Goochland County

Virginia state cancer registry
Cancer incidence counts by census tract or ZIP code, by cancer type and year (de-identified). Any cancer cluster inquiries or investigations in Goochland County, and their findings.
Virginia vital statistics office
Death certificate counts by cause of death and residence tract or ZIP code, and the years behind the mortality measures above.
Virginia health department, environmental epidemiology
Health consultations or assessments by ATSDR or the state health department covering the county, and any exposure investigations.
Virginia environmental agency and the U.S. EPA regional office
Compliance history, inspection reports, notices of violation, penalties and enforcement actions for each facility above, cited by EPA FRS registry ID.
Virginia drinking water program
Violation notices, sampling results and sanitary surveys for the public water systems serving the county, including any system serving a correctional facility.
Department of corrections or county sheriff
Water testing, grievances and environmental health inspections for the correctional facilities listed above.

Each Envyrofax address report includes a printable records request worksheet with the custodian and the exact request wording per finding.

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