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Buckingham County, Virginia: environmental and disease records

Cancer mortality in Buckingham County is 176.4 deaths per 100,000 people per year against a U.S. rate of 143.2, a statistically significant excess. The strongest disease signals are Lung & bronchus deaths at 1.5 times the U.S. rate. Federal databases place 139 regulated facilities, sites and hazards inside the county, led by NPDES wastewater discharge permit (51), Rail grade crossing (32), Air permit holder (minor source) (17). 2 correctional facilities operate in the county. EPA AirToxScreen estimates a lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics of 30 in a million, driven mainly by formaldehyde.

Rates are age-adjusted per 100,000 people. A cancer signal is marked significant when the lower bound of its 95 percent confidence interval is above the U.S. rate. Facility counts use active federal records located inside the county boundary. Approximate county center: 37.5633, -78.5589.

How this county ranks in Virginia

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Cancer deaths and new cases versus the United States

Source: NCI and CDC State Cancer Profiles, both sexes, all ages. Sorted by the ratio of the county rate to the U.S. rate.

Cancer rates for Buckingham County compared with the United States
Cancer	Measure	County rate	U.S. rate	Times U.S.	95% interval	Years
Lung & bronchus	Deaths	46.2	30.2	1.53xSignificant	35 to 60.3	2020-2024
Liver & bile duct	New cases	13.1	8.7	1.51x	7.8 to 21.6	2019-2023
Lung & bronchus	New cases	72.4	51.8	1.4xSignificant	58.2 to 89.7	2019-2023
Bladder	New cases	25.4	18.7	1.36x	17.2 to 36.7	2019-2023
All cancer	Deaths	176.4	143.2	1.23xSignificant	153.9 to 201.9	2020-2024
Leukemia	New cases	17.5	14.5	1.21x	10.5 to 27.9	2019-2023
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	New cases	22.1	18.5	1.19x	13.9 to 33.8	2019-2023
Pancreas	New cases	16.4	13.9	1.18x	10.1 to 26	2019-2023
Pancreas	Deaths	12.1	11.3	1.07x	7 to 20.3	2020-2024
All cancer	New cases	439.3	453.4	0.97x	402.1 to 479.4	2019-2023
Melanoma of the skin	New cases	19.5	23.8	0.82x	11.6 to 31.2	2019-2023

Mortality measures versus the U.S. county median

Source: County Health Rankings, built from CDC National Vital Statistics System death records. The comparison value is the median of all U.S. counties.

Mortality measures for Buckingham County
Measure	County	U.S. median	Difference	Unit
Premature death	11,284.7	9,842.6	+15%	years of life lost before age 75 per 100,000
Life expectancy	74.8	75.3	-1%	years
Child mortality	83.1	59.8	+39%	deaths under age 18 per 100,000
Infant mortality	n/a	6.2	n/a	deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births
Injury deaths	105.6	96.9	+9%	deaths per 100,000
Drug overdose deaths	27.4	28.6	-4%	deaths per 100,000

Air toxics and air quality

EPA AirToxScreen 2020

Lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics: 30 in a million. EPA treats 100 in a million as the upper end of acceptable risk and 1 in a million as the goal.

Formaldehyde18.43 per million
Carbon Tetrachloride2.95 per million
Acetaldehyde1.97 per million
Benzene0.87 per million

EPA Air Quality Index

No EPA air quality monitor reports daily AQI for this county.

Regulated facilities, sites and hazards by type

139 active records inside the county from EPA ECHO, TRI, Superfund, Brownfields, NPDES, EIA, FAA, FRA and corrections data.

NPDES wastewater discharge permit51
Rail grade crossing32
Air permit holder (minor source)17
Gas station (mapped facility)15
Public airport4
Small hazardous waste generator3
Major air pollution source2
Correctional facility (prison or jail)2
Solar power plant2
TRI reporting facility2
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI)2
Auto repair or body shop (mapped facility)1
Brownfield property1
Large greenhouse gas emitter1
Hazardous waste transporter1
Heliport1
Gas power plant1
Superfund (NPL) site1

Highest-severity records

The 25 records with the highest Envyrofax severity in the county, with the agency identifier to cite in a records request.

Buckingham County Landfill, Buckingham
Superfund (NPL) site. Hazard Ranking System score 40.7. NPL Site.
EPA site ID VAD089027973 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record
Severity 10
Bear Garden Generating Station, New Canton
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Ammonia, Polycyclic aromatic compounds, n-Hexane, 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene and 1 more. Reports carcinogens. 29,981 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 2312WBRGRD268CG (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 7.9
Kyanite Mining Corp Mullite Plant, Dillwyn
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Polycyclic aromatic compounds. Reports carcinogens. 142 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 23936KYNTMRTE15 (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 6.2
Bear Garden Generating Station, New Canton
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110040579424 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 5.8
Kyanite Mining Corp Mullite Plant, Dillwyn
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110041625907 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.7
Bear Garden, New Canton
Gas power plant.
Record ID 56807 (U.S. Energy Information Administration)
Severity 3.6
Kyanite Mining Corporation, Dillwyn
Major air pollution source.
EPA FRS registry ID 110020669249 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.5
Bear Garden Generating Station, New Canton
Major air pollution source.
EPA FRS registry ID 110040579424 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.5
Midkiff Timber Llc, Wingina
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071437807 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.5
Southern Pyle Lumber Llc, New Canton
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110070875654 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.3
Dominion Energy - Bear Garden Generating Station, New Canton
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071710871 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.3
Buckingham Training School, Dillwyn
Brownfield property.
EPA FRS registry ID 110072252501 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record
Severity 3
Kyanite Mining Corporation, Dillwyn
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110020669249 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3
Mottley Foils Inc, Farmville
NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $22,470.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000342754 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2.5
Kamps Rockwood Dillwyn, Dillwyn
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110015596906 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2.5
Bear Garden Generating Station, New Canton
Large greenhouse gas emitter.
EPA FRS registry ID 110040579424 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2.5
Buckingham Solar Llc, Cumberland
NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $26,338.
EPA FRS registry ID 110070397192 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2.5
Kauffman Woodworks, Dillwyn
NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $1,603.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071504358 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2.5
Ncn Iii Solar Project, Dillwyn
NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $6,946.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071783452 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2.5
Doc - Buckingham Correctional Center, Dillwyn
Small hazardous waste generator.
EPA FRS registry ID 110008190402 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2.3
Doc - Buckingham Correctional Center, Dillwyn
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110008190402 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2.3
Mottley Foils Inc, Farmville
Air permit holder (minor source). Penalties $22,470.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000342754 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2
Yogaville Wwtp, Buckingham
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110010914289 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2
Doc - Buckingham Correctional Center, Dillwyn
Air permit holder (minor source).
EPA FRS registry ID 110008190402 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.8
Buckingham Co Water System/Dillwyn Stp, Dillwyn
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110010915894 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.8

Correctional facilities

Prisons, jails and corrections operations with an EPA facility record, and the drinking water and wastewater compliance attached to them.

Doc - Buckingham Correctional Center, Dillwyn
EPA FRS registry ID
110008190402
Wastewater permit
Yes, 4 quarters in noncompliance
EPA detailed facility report
Doc - Dillwyn Correctional Center, Dillwyn
EPA FRS registry ID
110021633035
Wastewater permit
None on record
EPA detailed facility report

Discovery / public records

Records to request for Buckingham County

Virginia state cancer registry
Cancer incidence counts by census tract or ZIP code, by cancer type and year (de-identified). Any cancer cluster inquiries or investigations in Buckingham County, and their findings.
Virginia vital statistics office
Death certificate counts by cause of death and residence tract or ZIP code, and the years behind the mortality measures above.
Virginia health department, environmental epidemiology
Health consultations or assessments by ATSDR or the state health department covering the county, and any exposure investigations.
Virginia environmental agency and the U.S. EPA regional office
Compliance history, inspection reports, notices of violation, penalties and enforcement actions for each facility above, cited by EPA FRS registry ID.
Virginia drinking water program
Violation notices, sampling results and sanitary surveys for the public water systems serving the county, including any system serving a correctional facility.
Department of corrections or county sheriff
Water testing, grievances and environmental health inspections for the correctional facilities listed above.

Each Envyrofax address report includes a printable records request worksheet with the custodian and the exact request wording per finding.

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