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Albemarle County, Virginia: environmental and disease records

Cancer mortality in Albemarle County is 116.2 deaths per 100,000 people per year against a U.S. rate of 143.2. Federal databases place 504 regulated facilities, sites and hazards inside the county, led by NPDES wastewater discharge permit (274), Rail grade crossing (65), Air permit holder (minor source) (60). One correctional facility operates in the county. EPA AirToxScreen estimates a lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics of 30 in a million, driven mainly by formaldehyde.

Rates are age-adjusted per 100,000 people. A cancer signal is marked significant when the lower bound of its 95 percent confidence interval is above the U.S. rate. Facility counts use active federal records located inside the county boundary. Approximate county center: 38.0013, -78.5619.

How this county ranks in Virginia

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Cancer deaths and new cases versus the United States

Source: NCI and CDC State Cancer Profiles, both sexes, all ages. Sorted by the ratio of the county rate to the U.S. rate.

Cancer rates for Albemarle County compared with the United States
CancerMeasureCounty rateU.S. rateTimes U.S.95% intervalYears
Melanoma of the skinNew cases3223.81.34xSignificant28 to 36.52019-2023
Brain & nervous systemDeaths5.14.41.16x3.6 to 72020-2024
ThyroidNew cases14.6131.12x11.6 to 18.12019-2023
Non-Hodgkin lymphomaNew cases20.318.51.1x17.2 to 242019-2023
EsophagusNew cases4.84.61.04x3.3 to 6.72019-2023
Non-Hodgkin lymphomaDeaths4.54.80.94x3.2 to 6.32020-2024
Brain & nervous systemNew cases5.86.20.94x4.1 to 7.92019-2023
LeukemiaDeaths5.25.70.91x3.7 to 7.22020-2024
Melanoma of the skinDeaths1.820.9x1.1 to 32020-2024
Kidney & renal pelvisDeaths33.40.88x1.9 to 4.62020-2024
All cancerNew cases394453.40.87x379.5 to 408.92019-2023
PancreasNew cases11.613.90.83x9.3 to 14.42019-2023
BladderNew cases15.618.70.83x13 to 18.62019-2023
PancreasDeaths9.311.30.82x7.3 to 11.82020-2024
All cancerDeaths116.2143.20.81x108.9 to 123.82020-2024
LeukemiaNew cases11.214.50.77x8.9 to 14.12019-2023
StomachNew cases56.60.76x3.6 to 6.92019-2023
EsophagusDeaths2.83.70.76x1.8 to 4.42020-2024
Kidney & renal pelvisNew cases12.817.90.72x10.2 to 15.92019-2023
Lung & bronchusDeaths2130.20.7x18 to 24.32020-2024
StomachDeaths1.82.70.67x1.1 to 3.12020-2024
Liver & bile ductNew cases5.78.70.66x4.2 to 7.72019-2023
Lung & bronchusNew cases33.451.80.64x29.5 to 37.72019-2023
Liver & bile ductDeaths4.26.60.64x2.9 to 5.92020-2024
BladderDeaths2.44.10.59x1.5 to 3.82020-2024

Mortality measures versus the U.S. county median

Source: County Health Rankings, built from CDC National Vital Statistics System death records. The comparison value is the median of all U.S. counties.

Mortality measures for Albemarle County
MeasureCountyU.S. medianDifferenceUnit
Premature death5,377.89,842.6-45%years of life lost before age 75 per 100,000
Life expectancy81.575.3+8%years
Child mortality40.859.8-32%deaths under age 18 per 100,000
Infant mortality4.66.2-25%deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births
Injury deaths67.296.9-31%deaths per 100,000
Drug overdose deaths14.528.6-49%deaths per 100,000

Air toxics and air quality

EPA AirToxScreen 2020

Lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics: 30 in a million. EPA treats 100 in a million as the upper end of acceptable risk and 1 in a million as the goal.

  • Formaldehyde19.57 per million
  • Carbon Tetrachloride2.93 per million
  • Acetaldehyde2 per million
  • Benzene1.22 per million

EPA Air Quality Index 2025

Monitored on 363 days: 294 good, 0 unhealthy for sensitive groups or worse. Median AQI 38, peak 77.

Regulated facilities, sites and hazards by type

504 active records inside the county from EPA ECHO, TRI, Superfund, Brownfields, NPDES, EIA, FAA, FRA and corrections data.

  • NPDES wastewater discharge permit274
  • Rail grade crossing65
  • Air permit holder (minor source)60
  • Gas station (mapped facility)45
  • Auto repair or body shop (mapped facility)19
  • Small hazardous waste generator17
  • Dry cleaner (mapped facility)5
  • Toxic chemical release facility (TRI)4
  • Public airport3
  • Large greenhouse gas emitter2
  • Large hazardous waste generator2
  • Major air pollution source1
  • EPA air quality monitor1
  • Commercial airport1
  • Correctional facility (prison or jail)1
  • Heliport1
  • Landfill (mapped facility)1
  • Superfund (NPL) site1
  • TRI reporting facility1

Highest-severity records

The 25 records with the highest Envyrofax severity in the county, with the agency identifier to cite in a records request.

  1. Greenwood Chemical Co., Newtown

    Superfund (NPL) site. Hazard Ranking System score 53.2. NPL Site.

    EPA site ID VAD003125374 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record

    Severity 10

  2. Rivanna Water And Sewer Authority - Moores Creek, Charlottesville

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $11,799.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110001886273 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 6

  3. Old Dominion Electric Co-Op Louisa Generation Facility, Gordonsville

    Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Polycyclic aromatic compounds, n-Hexane, 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene, Naphthalene. Reports carcinogens. 16 lbs released over 5 years.

    TRI facility ID 22942LDDMN3352K (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

    Severity 5.4

  4. Crossroad Village Center Stp, North Garden

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $5,163.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110010913547 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 5.3

  5. Charlottesville-Albemarle, Charlottesville

    Commercial airport. O.

    Record ID CHO (FAA / U.S. DOT)

    Severity 5

  6. Intelligent Platforms Llc, Charlottesville

    Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Lead. Reports carcinogens. 2 lbs released over 5 years.

    TRI facility ID 22901GFNCTUS29N (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

    Severity 4.9

  7. Northrop Grumman Systems Corp, Charlottesville

    Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Lead. Reports carcinogens. 1 lbs released over 5 years.

    TRI facility ID 22906SPRRY1070S (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

    Severity 4.7

  8. Albemarle High School

    EPA air quality monitor.

    Record ID 510030001 (U.S. EPA AirData)

    Severity 4.4

  9. Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation, Charlottesville

    TRI reporting facility.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000842946 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 4

  10. Rivanna Water And Sewer Authority - Moores Creek, Charlottesville

    Air permit holder (minor source). Penalties $11,799.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110001886273 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 4

  11. University Of Virginia, Charlottesville

    Major air pollution source.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110007319589 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 3.5

  12. Mikro Systems, Inc., Charlottesville

    Large hazardous waste generator.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110041686137 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 3.5

  13. Panorama Paydirt, Earlysville

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110070877427 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 3.5

  14. Comfort Inn Monticello Stp, Charlottesville

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110009116526 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 3.3

  15. The University Of Virginia, Charlottesville

    Large hazardous waste generator.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000913824 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 3

  16. Keswick Corporation, Keswick

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110002033273 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 3

  17. University Of Virginia, Charlottesville

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110007319589 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 3

  18. Ivy Landfill, Charlottesville

    Large greenhouse gas emitter.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110008180324 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 3

  19. Rockingham Redi-Mix - Charlottesville Facility, Charlottesville

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110070567919 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 3

  20. International Cold Storage, Covesville

    Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Diisocyanates.

    TRI facility ID 22931NTRNTROUTE (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

    Severity 3

  21. Keswick Corporation, Keswick

    Air permit holder (minor source).

    EPA FRS registry ID 110002033273 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 2.5

  22. United Parcel Service - Vacha, Charlottesville

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $5,300,000.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110005250405 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 2.5

  23. University Of Virginia, Charlottesville

    Large greenhouse gas emitter.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110007319589 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 2.5

  24. R A Yancey Lumber Corp, Crozet

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110015783703 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 2.5

  25. South Rivanna Water Treatment Plant, Charlottesville

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $14,353.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110061804560 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 2.5

Correctional facilities

Prisons, jails and corrections operations with an EPA facility record, and the drinking water and wastewater compliance attached to them.

  • Albemarle Regional Jail Expansion And Renovation, Charlottesville

    EPA FRS registry ID
    110072075142
    Wastewater permit
    Yes

    EPA detailed facility report

Discovery / public records

Records to request for Albemarle County

  • Virginia state cancer registry

    Cancer incidence counts by census tract or ZIP code, by cancer type and year (de-identified). Any cancer cluster inquiries or investigations in Albemarle County, and their findings.

  • Virginia vital statistics office

    Death certificate counts by cause of death and residence tract or ZIP code, and the years behind the mortality measures above.

  • Virginia health department, environmental epidemiology

    Health consultations or assessments by ATSDR or the state health department covering the county, and any exposure investigations.

  • Virginia environmental agency and the U.S. EPA regional office

    Compliance history, inspection reports, notices of violation, penalties and enforcement actions for each facility above, cited by EPA FRS registry ID.

  • Virginia drinking water program

    Violation notices, sampling results and sanitary surveys for the public water systems serving the county, including any system serving a correctional facility.

  • Department of corrections or county sheriff

    Water testing, grievances and environmental health inspections for the correctional facilities listed above.

Each Envyrofax address report includes a printable records request worksheet with the custodian and the exact request wording per finding.

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