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Wilson County, Texas: environmental and disease records

Cancer mortality in Wilson County is 140.4 deaths per 100,000 people per year against a U.S. rate of 143.2. Federal databases place 169 regulated facilities, sites and hazards inside the county, led by NPDES wastewater discharge permit (96), Gas station (mapped facility) (18), Air permit holder (minor source) (11). EPA AirToxScreen estimates a lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics of 30 in a million, driven mainly by formaldehyde.

Rates are age-adjusted per 100,000 people. A cancer signal is marked significant when the lower bound of its 95 percent confidence interval is above the U.S. rate. Facility counts use active federal records located inside the county boundary. Approximate county center: 29.1669, -98.0831.

How this county ranks in Texas

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Cancer deaths and new cases versus the United States

Source: NCI and CDC State Cancer Profiles, both sexes, all ages. Sorted by the ratio of the county rate to the U.S. rate.

Cancer rates for Wilson County compared with the United States
Cancer	Measure	County rate	U.S. rate	Times U.S.	95% interval	Years
Kidney & renal pelvis	New cases	29.2	17.9	1.63xSignificant	23.4 to 36.1	2019-2023
Liver & bile duct	New cases	12.3	8.7	1.41xSignificant	8.8 to 16.8	2019-2023
Liver & bile duct	Deaths	9.2	6.6	1.39x	6.2 to 13.2	2020-2024
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	Deaths	6.4	4.8	1.33x	3.9 to 9.9	2020-2024
Kidney & renal pelvis	Deaths	4.5	3.4	1.32x	2.5 to 7.5	2020-2024
Esophagus	Deaths	4.7	3.7	1.27x	2.6 to 7.8	2020-2024
Bladder	Deaths	5.2	4.1	1.27x	3 to 8.6	2020-2024
Esophagus	New cases	5.8	4.6	1.26x	3.5 to 9.3	2019-2023
Leukemia	New cases	17.2	14.5	1.19x	12.7 to 22.8	2019-2023
Thyroid	New cases	15.1	13	1.16x	10.7 to 20.7	2019-2023
Leukemia	Deaths	5.8	5.7	1.02x	3.3 to 9.4	2020-2024
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	New cases	18.5	18.5	1x	14 to 24.2	2019-2023
All cancer	Deaths	140.4	143.2	0.98x	127.7 to 154.1	2020-2024
All cancer	New cases	442.4	453.4	0.98x	419 to 466.8	2019-2023
Brain & nervous system	New cases	6	6.2	0.97x	3.5 to 9.6	2019-2023
Stomach	New cases	5.9	6.6	0.89x	3.6 to 9.3	2019-2023
Pancreas	Deaths	10	11.3	0.88x	6.9 to 14.1	2020-2024
Pancreas	New cases	11.9	13.9	0.86x	8.4 to 16.5	2019-2023
Melanoma of the skin	New cases	18.8	23.8	0.79x	14.1 to 24.7	2019-2023
Lung & bronchus	Deaths	23.7	30.2	0.78x	18.8 to 29.6	2020-2024
Lung & bronchus	New cases	37.8	51.8	0.73x	31.5 to 45.1	2019-2023
Bladder	New cases	13.5	18.7	0.72x	9.8 to 18.2	2019-2023

Mortality measures versus the U.S. county median

Source: County Health Rankings, built from CDC National Vital Statistics System death records. The comparison value is the median of all U.S. counties.

Mortality measures for Wilson County
Measure	County	U.S. median	Difference	Unit
Premature death	8,131	9,842.6	-17%	years of life lost before age 75 per 100,000
Life expectancy	76.8	75.3	+2%	years
Child mortality	53.8	59.8	-10%	deaths under age 18 per 100,000
Infant mortality	n/a	6.2	n/a	deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births
Injury deaths	71.9	96.9	-26%	deaths per 100,000
Drug overdose deaths	11.5	28.6	-60%	deaths per 100,000

Air toxics and air quality

EPA AirToxScreen 2020

Lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics: 30 in a million. EPA treats 100 in a million as the upper end of acceptable risk and 1 in a million as the goal.

Formaldehyde19.25 per million
Carbon Tetrachloride2.85 per million
Acetaldehyde1.28 per million
Benzene0.85 per million

EPA Air Quality Index 2025

Monitored on 362 days: 362 good, 0 unhealthy for sensitive groups or worse. Median AQI 8, peak 41.

Regulated facilities, sites and hazards by type

169 active records inside the county from EPA ECHO, TRI, Superfund, Brownfields, NPDES, EIA, FAA, FRA and corrections data.

NPDES wastewater discharge permit96
Gas station (mapped facility)18
Air permit holder (minor source)11
Major air pollution source10
Public airport6
TRI reporting facility6
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI)6
Auto repair or body shop (mapped facility)4
Large hazardous waste generator3
Solar power plant3
Rail grade crossing2
EPA air quality monitor1
Large greenhouse gas emitter1
Small hazardous waste generator1
Wastewater plant (mapped facility)1

Highest-severity records

The 25 records with the highest Envyrofax severity in the county, with the agency identifier to cite in a records request.

Watco Tanks Inc., Floresville
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Styrene. Reports carcinogens. 122,737 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 78114WTCTN5877F (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 8.4
Hydro Composites Llc, Stockdale
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Styrene. Reports carcinogens. 50,522 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 7816WHYDRC223US (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 8.1
Lazarus Refinery Llc, Nixon
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Naphthalene, n-Hexane, Xylene (mixed isomers), 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene and 3 more. Reports carcinogens. 14,563 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 78140LLPTRHWY87 (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 7.7
Lazarus Energy Nixon Refinery, Nixon
TRI reporting facility. Penalties $355,087.
EPA FRS registry ID 110037848498 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 6.6
Texaloy Foundry Co Inc, Floresville
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Chromium, Nickel, Diisocyanates. Reports carcinogens. 93 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 78114TXLYF100TE (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 6
Watco Tanks Inc., Floresville
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110031018182 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 6
Lyssy Hub, Hobson
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110064496861 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 5.9
Hydro Composites, Llc, Stockdale
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071285528 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 5.8
Shannon Galvanizing, Floresville
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071357520 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 5
Shannon Galvanizing, Floresville
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Zinc compounds, Lead compounds. 319 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 7811WSHNNN84FM5 (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 4.9
City Of Stockdale-Plant - East St, Stockdale
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110009746301 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.3
Icp Industries Stockdale, Stockdale
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110042192365 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.1
Lazarus Energy Nixon Refinery, Nixon
Large hazardous waste generator. Penalties $355,087.
EPA FRS registry ID 110037848498 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
Icp Industries Llc, Stockdale
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Chromium compounds (except for chromite ore mined in the Transvaal Region), Chromium and Chromium Compounds(except for chromite ore mined in the Transvaal Region), Lead compounds, Lead And Lead Compounds. 5 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 7816WCPNDS1BUSI (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 3.6
Ampak Oil Amine Plant, Floresville
Major air pollution source.
EPA FRS registry ID 110007203249 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.5
Fm 539 Plant, Floresville
Major air pollution source.
EPA FRS registry ID 110033955539 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.5
Warnken 1 Facility, Poth
Major air pollution source.
EPA FRS registry ID 110043577769 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.5
Bar None 1 Facility, Falls City
Major air pollution source.
EPA FRS registry ID 110056282678 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.5
Felux 1 Facility, Falls City
Major air pollution source.
EPA FRS registry ID 110061084856 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.5
Moczygemba A 436 Central Facility, Stockdale
Major air pollution source.
EPA FRS registry ID 110063966971 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.5
Sells Central Facility 1, Stockdale
Major air pollution source.
EPA FRS registry ID 110063966980 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.5
Zaiontz Central Facility, Falls City
Major air pollution source.
EPA FRS registry ID 110064844316 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.5
Faktor Central Facility 1, Falls City
Major air pollution source.
EPA FRS registry ID 110064846421 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.5
Alton Central Facility No 1, Floresville
Major air pollution source.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071241200 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.5
Icp Industries Stockdale, Stockdale
Large hazardous waste generator.
EPA FRS registry ID 110042192365 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3

Correctional facilities

Prisons, jails and corrections operations with an EPA facility record, and the drinking water and wastewater compliance attached to them.

No correctional facility with an EPA record is located in this county.

Discovery / public records

Records to request for Wilson County

Texas state cancer registry
Cancer incidence counts by census tract or ZIP code, by cancer type and year (de-identified). Any cancer cluster inquiries or investigations in Wilson County, and their findings.
Texas vital statistics office
Death certificate counts by cause of death and residence tract or ZIP code, and the years behind the mortality measures above.
Texas health department, environmental epidemiology
Health consultations or assessments by ATSDR or the state health department covering the county, and any exposure investigations.
Texas environmental agency and the U.S. EPA regional office
Compliance history, inspection reports, notices of violation, penalties and enforcement actions for each facility above, cited by EPA FRS registry ID.
Texas drinking water program
Violation notices, sampling results and sanitary surveys for the public water systems serving the county, including any system serving a correctional facility.
Department of corrections or county sheriff
Water testing, grievances and environmental health inspections for the correctional facilities listed above.

Each Envyrofax address report includes a printable records request worksheet with the custodian and the exact request wording per finding.

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