TX / county FIPS 48491 / county research

Williamson County, Texas: environmental and disease records

Cancer mortality in Williamson County is 118.4 deaths per 100,000 people per year against a U.S. rate of 143.2. Federal databases place 2,553 regulated facilities, sites and hazards inside the county, led by NPDES wastewater discharge permit (1,792), Gas station (mapped facility) (264), Auto repair or body shop (mapped facility) (174). One correctional facility operates in the county. EPA AirToxScreen estimates a lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics of 30 in a million, driven mainly by formaldehyde.

Rates are age-adjusted per 100,000 people. A cancer signal is marked significant when the lower bound of its 95 percent confidence interval is above the U.S. rate. Facility counts use active federal records located inside the county boundary. Approximate county center: 30.6422, -97.6358.

How this county ranks in Texas

View on the heat map Scan an address in this county

Cancer deaths and new cases versus the United States

Source: NCI and CDC State Cancer Profiles, both sexes, all ages. Sorted by the ratio of the county rate to the U.S. rate.

Cancer rates for Williamson County compared with the United States
Cancer	Measure	County rate	U.S. rate	Times U.S.	95% interval	Years
Childhood cancer (under 15)	New cases	18.7	16.4	1.14x	15.5 to 22.4	2019-2023
Thyroid	New cases	13.9	13	1.07x	12.6 to 15.2	2019-2023
Kidney & renal pelvis	New cases	19	17.9	1.06x	17.5 to 20.5	2019-2023
Kidney & renal pelvis	Deaths	3.6	3.4	1.06x	3 to 4.3	2020-2024
Brain & nervous system	Deaths	4.6	4.4	1.05x	3.9 to 5.4	2020-2024
Leukemia	New cases	15.1	14.5	1.04x	13.8 to 16.6	2019-2023
Stomach	New cases	6.5	6.6	0.98x	5.7 to 7.5	2019-2023
Brain & nervous system	New cases	6	6.2	0.97x	5.2 to 6.9	2019-2023
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	Deaths	4.6	4.8	0.96x	3.9 to 5.5	2020-2024
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	New cases	17.5	18.5	0.95x	16.1 to 19	2019-2023
All cancer	New cases	428.5	453.4	0.95x	421.4 to 435.7	2019-2023
Leukemia	Deaths	5.3	5.7	0.93x	4.5 to 6.2	2020-2024
Pancreas	New cases	12.9	13.9	0.93x	11.7 to 14.3	2019-2023
Liver & bile duct	New cases	8	8.7	0.92x	7 to 9	2019-2023
Bladder	New cases	17.1	18.7	0.91x	15.6 to 18.6	2019-2023
Pancreas	Deaths	10.2	11.3	0.9x	9.1 to 11.3	2020-2024
Melanoma of the skin	Deaths	1.8	2	0.9x	1.3 to 2.3	2020-2024
Liver & bile duct	Deaths	5.7	6.6	0.86x	4.9 to 6.6	2020-2024
Bladder	Deaths	3.5	4.1	0.85x	2.8 to 4.2	2020-2024
All cancer	Deaths	118.4	143.2	0.83x	114.7 to 122.3	2020-2024
Esophagus	Deaths	3	3.7	0.81x	2.5 to 3.7	2020-2024
Stomach	Deaths	2.1	2.7	0.78x	1.6 to 2.6	2020-2024
Esophagus	New cases	3.4	4.6	0.74x	2.8 to 4.1	2019-2023
Melanoma of the skin	New cases	16.9	23.8	0.71x	15.5 to 18.4	2019-2023
Lung & bronchus	New cases	36.5	51.8	0.7x	34.4 to 38.7	2019-2023
Lung & bronchus	Deaths	21.1	30.2	0.7x	19.6 to 22.8	2020-2024

Mortality measures versus the U.S. county median

Source: County Health Rankings, built from CDC National Vital Statistics System death records. The comparison value is the median of all U.S. counties.

Mortality measures for Williamson County
Measure	County	U.S. median	Difference	Unit
Premature death	5,174.8	9,842.6	-47%	years of life lost before age 75 per 100,000
Life expectancy	80.7	75.3	+7%	years
Child mortality	36.4	59.8	-39%	deaths under age 18 per 100,000
Infant mortality	3.9	6.2	-38%	deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births
Injury deaths	46.9	96.9	-52%	deaths per 100,000
Drug overdose deaths	11.4	28.6	-60%	deaths per 100,000

Air toxics and air quality

EPA AirToxScreen 2020

Lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics: 30 in a million. EPA treats 100 in a million as the upper end of acceptable risk and 1 in a million as the goal.

Formaldehyde20.77 per million
Carbon Tetrachloride2.84 per million
Acetaldehyde1.46 per million
Benzene0.83 per million

EPA Air Quality Index

No EPA air quality monitor reports daily AQI for this county.

Regulated facilities, sites and hazards by type

2,553 active records inside the county from EPA ECHO, TRI, Superfund, Brownfields, NPDES, EIA, FAA, FRA and corrections data.

NPDES wastewater discharge permit1,792
Gas station (mapped facility)264
Auto repair or body shop (mapped facility)174
Rail grade crossing137
Small hazardous waste generator42
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI)24
Dry cleaner (mapped facility)23
Public airport19
TRI reporting facility13
Large hazardous waste generator12
Hazardous waste transporter11
Air permit holder (minor source)10
Wastewater plant (mapped facility)9
Heliport7
Major air pollution source6
Brownfield property3
Commercial airport1
Correctional facility (prison or jail)1
Large greenhouse gas emitter1
Landfill (mapped facility)1
Battery storage plant1
Solar power plant1
Scrapyard (mapped facility)1

Highest-severity records

The 25 records with the highest Envyrofax severity in the county, with the agency identifier to cite in a records request.

Contemporary Products Of Texas Inc, Walburg
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Styrene. Reports carcinogens. 155,041 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 7867WCNTMP41FM1 (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 8.5
Exfluor Research, Round Rock
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Hydrogen fluoride, Fluorine, Octanoyl fluoride, pentadecafluoro-, 1-Decanol, 3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,10-heptadecafluoro- and 3 more. Reports carcinogens. Reports PFAS. 1,711 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 7866WXFLRR235DB (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 8.5
Brushy Creek Regional Wastewater System - East, Round Rock
NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $355,980.
EPA FRS registry ID 110002043084 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 7
Ronald Reagan Cbp, Georgetown
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Nitrate compounds (water dissociable; reportable only when in aqueous solution), Lead. Reports carcinogens. 554 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 7863WRNLDR26158 (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 6.6
Liberty Hill Regional Wwtp, Williamson County
NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $151,725.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071711336 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 6.5
Seward Plant, Liberty Hill
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Nitrate compounds (water dissociable; reportable only when in aqueous solution), Polycyclic aromatic compounds, Benzo[g,h,i]perylene. Reports carcinogens. 400 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 7864WSWRDP11729 (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 6.5
Nov M/D Totco Cedar Park, Cedar Park
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Nickel, Chromium, Aluminum (fume or dust), Copper. Reports carcinogens. 287 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 78613MRTND1200C (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 6.4
City Of Leander Wwtp, Leander
NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $23,750.
EPA FRS registry ID 110064646762 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 5.8
Airborn Inc., Georgetown
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Lead. Reports carcinogens. 21 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 7862WRBRNN35AIR (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 5.5
Brushy Creek Regional System, Round Rock
NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $355,980.
EPA FRS registry ID 110070358844 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 5.5
Durcon Inc, Taylor
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Phthalic anhydride. 1,346 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 7657WDRCNN26ALL (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 5.4
Ronald Reagan Cbp, Georgetown
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071237212 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 5.3
City Of Hutto Central Wwtp, Hutto
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110009745990 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 5.3
Durcon Laboratory Tops, Taylor
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110005161500 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 5.2
Exfluor Research, Round Rock
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110017613322 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 5.1
Asphalt Inc Ronald Reagan Plant, Georgetown
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Polycyclic aromatic compounds. Reports carcinogens. 4 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 7863WRTHTM1725C (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 5
National Oilwell Varco Lp, Cedar Park
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000842526 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 5
Florence Hmp, Florence
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Polycyclic aromatic compounds. Reports carcinogens. 3 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 7652WFLRNC11151 (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 5
Custom Crete - Leander, Leander
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Lead, Nitrate compounds (water dissociable; reportable only when in aqueous solution). Reports carcinogens. 1 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 7864WLNDRL2544H (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 4.8
Icu Medical Inc, Round Rock
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate. Reports carcinogens. 1 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 78664BBTTL2820O (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 4.8
Mustang Creek Wwtp, Taylor
NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $6,375.
EPA FRS registry ID 110064257110 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.8
Lone Star Concrete Chandler Plant, Hutto
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Lead. Reports carcinogens.
TRI facility ID 7863WSPHLT59CHA (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 4.6
Centex Materials - Georgetown Rmx, Georgetown
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Lead. Reports carcinogens.
TRI facility ID 7863WCNTXM26151 (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 4.5
Fluoromed Products L.P., Round Rock
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Perfluorononanoic acid. Reports PFAS.
TRI facility ID 7866WFLRMD235DU (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 4.5
Jarrell Plant, Jarrell
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Lead. Reports carcinogens.
TRI facility ID 7653WJRRLL265AL (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 4.5

Correctional facilities

Prisons, jails and corrections operations with an EPA facility record, and the drinking water and wastewater compliance attached to them.

Wilco Juvenile Justice Center Expansion, Georgetown
EPA FRS registry ID
110071949987
Wastewater permit
Yes
EPA detailed facility report

Discovery / public records

Records to request for Williamson County

Texas state cancer registry
Cancer incidence counts by census tract or ZIP code, by cancer type and year (de-identified). Any cancer cluster inquiries or investigations in Williamson County, and their findings.
Texas vital statistics office
Death certificate counts by cause of death and residence tract or ZIP code, and the years behind the mortality measures above.
Texas health department, environmental epidemiology
Health consultations or assessments by ATSDR or the state health department covering the county, and any exposure investigations.
Texas environmental agency and the U.S. EPA regional office
Compliance history, inspection reports, notices of violation, penalties and enforcement actions for each facility above, cited by EPA FRS registry ID.
Texas drinking water program
Violation notices, sampling results and sanitary surveys for the public water systems serving the county, including any system serving a correctional facility.
Department of corrections or county sheriff
Water testing, grievances and environmental health inspections for the correctional facilities listed above.

Each Envyrofax address report includes a printable records request worksheet with the custodian and the exact request wording per finding.

Scan an address in Williamson County View on the heat map All Texas counties