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Mills County, Texas: environmental and disease records

Cancer mortality in Mills County is 160.5 deaths per 100,000 people per year against a U.S. rate of 143.2. Federal databases place 67 regulated facilities, sites and hazards inside the county, led by Rail grade crossing (46), NPDES wastewater discharge permit (11), Public airport (7). EPA AirToxScreen estimates a lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics of 20 in a million, driven mainly by formaldehyde.

Rates are age-adjusted per 100,000 people. A cancer signal is marked significant when the lower bound of its 95 percent confidence interval is above the U.S. rate. Facility counts use active federal records located inside the county boundary. Approximate county center: 31.4766, -98.6519.

How this county ranks in Texas

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Cancer deaths and new cases versus the United States

Source: NCI and CDC State Cancer Profiles, both sexes, all ages. Sorted by the ratio of the county rate to the U.S. rate.

Cancer rates for Mills County compared with the United States
Cancer	Measure	County rate	U.S. rate	Times U.S.	95% interval	Years
All cancer	Deaths	160.5	143.2	1.12x	122.4 to 209.8	2020-2024
All cancer	New cases	388.4	453.4	0.86x	320 to 468.8	2019-2023
Lung & bronchus	New cases	34.1	51.8	0.66x	19.4 to 60.9	2019-2023

Mortality measures versus the U.S. county median

Source: County Health Rankings, built from CDC National Vital Statistics System death records. The comparison value is the median of all U.S. counties.

Mortality measures for Mills County
Measure	County	U.S. median	Difference	Unit
Premature death	9,187.4	9,842.6	-7%	years of life lost before age 75 per 100,000
Life expectancy	75.4	75.3	+0%	years
Child mortality	n/a	59.8	n/a	deaths under age 18 per 100,000
Infant mortality	n/a	6.2	n/a	deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births
Injury deaths	110.1	96.9	+14%	deaths per 100,000
Drug overdose deaths	n/a	28.6	n/a	deaths per 100,000

Air toxics and air quality

EPA AirToxScreen 2020

Lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics: 20 in a million. EPA treats 100 in a million as the upper end of acceptable risk and 1 in a million as the goal.

Formaldehyde17.63 per million
Carbon Tetrachloride2.79 per million
Acetaldehyde1.23 per million
Benzene0.53 per million

EPA Air Quality Index

No EPA air quality monitor reports daily AQI for this county.

Regulated facilities, sites and hazards by type

67 active records inside the county from EPA ECHO, TRI, Superfund, Brownfields, NPDES, EIA, FAA, FRA and corrections data.

Rail grade crossing46
NPDES wastewater discharge permit11
Public airport7
Wind power plant2
Gas station (mapped facility)1

Highest-severity records

The 25 records with the highest Envyrofax severity in the county, with the agency identifier to cite in a records request.

City Of Mullin Wwtf, Mullin
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110009771862 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
City Of Goldthwaite Wwtp, Goldthwaite
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110010923215 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.3
Espinoza Stone Goldthwaite, Goldthwaite
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110070370092 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2.3
Goldthwaite Muni, Goldthwaite
Public airport. O.
Record ID T37 (FAA / U.S. DOT)
Severity 2
City Of Goldthwaite Wtp, Goldthwaite
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110017693405 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.5
Dsm Dairy Star, Goldthwaite
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110020144208 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.5
Aguado Stone Sandstone 1, Goldthwaite
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110070368729 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.5
Castle Gap Wind Project, Star
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110070882894 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.5
Srm Plant 14111 Goldthwaite, Goldthwaite
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071539184 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.5
Kt Dairy, Goldthwaite
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071660045 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.5
Smoky Bend Ranch Runway, Mullin
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071707419 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.5
New Horizons-The Ranch, Goldthwaite
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110072085293 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.5
Private Road, Lometa
Rail grade crossing.
Record ID 024609G (Federal Railroad Administration)
Severity 1.3
Scallorn Road, Lometa
Rail grade crossing.
Record ID 024611H (Federal Railroad Administration)
Severity 1.3
Private, Lometa
Rail grade crossing.
Record ID 024615K (Federal Railroad Administration)
Severity 1.3
County Road 316, Goldthwaite
Rail grade crossing.
Record ID 024616S (Federal Railroad Administration)
Severity 1.3
Private Road, Goldthwaite
Rail grade crossing.
Record ID 024617Y (Federal Railroad Administration)
Severity 1.3
County Road 315, Goldthwaite
Rail grade crossing.
Record ID 024618F (Federal Railroad Administration)
Severity 1.3
Private, Goldthwaite
Rail grade crossing.
Record ID 024619M (Federal Railroad Administration)
Severity 1.3
Sl0015 / Fourth Street, Goldthwaite
Rail grade crossing.
Record ID 024621N (Federal Railroad Administration)
Severity 1.3
First Street, Goldthwaite
Rail grade crossing.
Record ID 024623C (Federal Railroad Administration)
Severity 1.3
Evans Street, Goldthwaite
Rail grade crossing.
Record ID 024624J (Federal Railroad Administration)
Severity 1.3
County Road 500, Goldthwaite
Rail grade crossing.
Record ID 024627E (Federal Railroad Administration)
Severity 1.3
County Road 500, Goldthwaite
Rail grade crossing.
Record ID 024628L (Federal Railroad Administration)
Severity 1.3
Private, Mullin
Rail grade crossing.
Record ID 024629T (Federal Railroad Administration)
Severity 1.3

Correctional facilities

Prisons, jails and corrections operations with an EPA facility record, and the drinking water and wastewater compliance attached to them.

No correctional facility with an EPA record is located in this county.

Discovery / public records

Records to request for Mills County

Texas state cancer registry
Cancer incidence counts by census tract or ZIP code, by cancer type and year (de-identified). Any cancer cluster inquiries or investigations in Mills County, and their findings.
Texas vital statistics office
Death certificate counts by cause of death and residence tract or ZIP code, and the years behind the mortality measures above.
Texas health department, environmental epidemiology
Health consultations or assessments by ATSDR or the state health department covering the county, and any exposure investigations.
Texas environmental agency and the U.S. EPA regional office
Compliance history, inspection reports, notices of violation, penalties and enforcement actions for each facility above, cited by EPA FRS registry ID.
Texas drinking water program
Violation notices, sampling results and sanitary surveys for the public water systems serving the county, including any system serving a correctional facility.
Department of corrections or county sheriff
Water testing, grievances and environmental health inspections for the correctional facilities listed above.

Each Envyrofax address report includes a printable records request worksheet with the custodian and the exact request wording per finding.

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