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Caldwell County, Texas: environmental and disease records

Cancer mortality in Caldwell County is 151.2 deaths per 100,000 people per year against a U.S. rate of 143.2. The strongest disease signals are Liver & bile duct deaths at 1.7 times the U.S. rate. Federal databases place 245 regulated facilities, sites and hazards inside the county, led by NPDES wastewater discharge permit (151), Rail grade crossing (42), Gas station (mapped facility) (20). EPA AirToxScreen estimates a lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics of 30 in a million, driven mainly by formaldehyde.

Rates are age-adjusted per 100,000 people. A cancer signal is marked significant when the lower bound of its 95 percent confidence interval is above the U.S. rate. Facility counts use active federal records located inside the county boundary. Approximate county center: 29.8503, -97.6247.

How this county ranks in Texas

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Cancer deaths and new cases versus the United States

Source: NCI and CDC State Cancer Profiles, both sexes, all ages. Sorted by the ratio of the county rate to the U.S. rate.

Cancer rates for Caldwell County compared with the United States
Cancer	Measure	County rate	U.S. rate	Times U.S.	95% interval	Years
Liver & bile duct	Deaths	11.5	6.6	1.74xSignificant	7.9 to 16.3	2020-2024
Liver & bile duct	New cases	13.7	8.7	1.57xSignificant	9.8 to 18.7	2019-2023
Kidney & renal pelvis	New cases	24.7	17.9	1.38xSignificant	19.1 to 31.5	2019-2023
Pancreas	New cases	15.7	13.9	1.13x	11.4 to 21.3	2019-2023
Lung & bronchus	Deaths	33.4	30.2	1.11x	26.8 to 41.2	2020-2024
All cancer	Deaths	151.2	143.2	1.06x	136.9 to 166.6	2020-2024
Pancreas	Deaths	11.9	11.3	1.05x	8.3 to 16.8	2020-2024
Lung & bronchus	New cases	53.8	51.8	1.04x	45.4 to 63.4	2019-2023
Stomach	New cases	6.3	6.6	0.95x	3.6 to 10.3	2019-2023
All cancer	New cases	404.5	453.4	0.89x	380.6 to 429.4	2019-2023
Leukemia	New cases	12.5	14.5	0.86x	8.5 to 17.8	2019-2023
Thyroid	New cases	10.1	13	0.78x	6.5 to 15.1	2019-2023
Bladder	New cases	12.7	18.7	0.68x	8.7 to 17.9	2019-2023
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	New cases	11.9	18.5	0.64x	8.1 to 16.9	2019-2023
Melanoma of the skin	New cases	12.9	23.8	0.54x	8.9 to 18.2	2019-2023

Mortality measures versus the U.S. county median

Source: County Health Rankings, built from CDC National Vital Statistics System death records. The comparison value is the median of all U.S. counties.

Mortality measures for Caldwell County
Measure	County	U.S. median	Difference	Unit
Premature death	9,138.9	9,842.6	-7%	years of life lost before age 75 per 100,000
Life expectancy	75.7	75.3	+1%	years
Child mortality	46.3	59.8	-23%	deaths under age 18 per 100,000
Infant mortality	n/a	6.2	n/a	deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births
Injury deaths	70.9	96.9	-27%	deaths per 100,000
Drug overdose deaths	11.5	28.6	-60%	deaths per 100,000

Air toxics and air quality

EPA AirToxScreen 2020

Lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics: 30 in a million. EPA treats 100 in a million as the upper end of acceptable risk and 1 in a million as the goal.

Formaldehyde19.88 per million
Carbon Tetrachloride2.86 per million
Acetaldehyde1.41 per million
Benzene0.83 per million

EPA Air Quality Index

No EPA air quality monitor reports daily AQI for this county.

Regulated facilities, sites and hazards by type

245 active records inside the county from EPA ECHO, TRI, Superfund, Brownfields, NPDES, EIA, FAA, FRA and corrections data.

NPDES wastewater discharge permit151
Rail grade crossing42
Gas station (mapped facility)20
Major air pollution source7
Small hazardous waste generator5
Public airport4
TRI reporting facility3
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI)3
Wastewater plant (mapped facility)3
Hazardous waste transporter2
Air permit holder (minor source)1
Commercial airport1
Auto repair or body shop (mapped facility)1
Brownfield property1
Heliport1

Highest-severity records

The 25 records with the highest Envyrofax severity in the county, with the agency identifier to cite in a records request.

Flint Hills Resources Corpus Christi Llc Mustang Ridge, Buda
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: n-Hexane, Toluene, Xylene (mixed isomers), 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene and 4 more. Reports carcinogens. 10,794 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 7861WFLNTH1165E (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 7.6
Elgi Rubber Co Llc, Luling
TRI reporting facility. Penalties $17,000.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000465336 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 6.9
Elgi Rubber Co Llc, Luling
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: n-Hexane, Toluene. 62,225 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 78648DRLWS5000E (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 6.7
Pure Castings Co, Lockhart
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Chromium, Nickel. Reports carcinogens. 153 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 7864WPRCST112EM (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 6.2
Flint Hills Resources Corpus Christi Llc Mustang Ridge, Dale
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110043671194 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 5.6
Pure Castings, Lockhart
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110070366455 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.6
Nagel Manufacturing And Supply Compa, Maxwell
Major air pollution source.
EPA FRS registry ID 110005126407 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.5
Luling Gas Plant, Luling
Major air pollution source.
EPA FRS registry ID 110007194641 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.5
Prairie Lea Compressor Station, Prairie Lea
Major air pollution source.
EPA FRS registry ID 110007207566 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.5
Lockhart Wwtp 2, Lockhart
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110064517811 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.5
Mustang Ridge Terminal, Buda
Major air pollution source.
EPA FRS registry ID 110070520860 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.5
130 Environmental Park, Lockhart
Major air pollution source.
EPA FRS registry ID 110070887544 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.5
Lockhart Compressor Station, Maxwell
Major air pollution source.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071544640 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.5
Timmerman Power Plant Ancillary Activities, Maxwell
Major air pollution source.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071885614 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.5
San Marcos Municipal Airport, San Marcos
Brownfield property.
EPA FRS registry ID 110040822214 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record
Severity 3
Caldwell Valley Wwtp, Upland
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110058931483 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3
130 Environmental Park, Lockhart
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110070887544 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3
Timmerman Power Plant Ancillary Activities, Maxwell
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071885614 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3
Alliance Regional Water Authority 1b, Rosanky
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071955176 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2.8
Alta One Subdivision, Lockhart
NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $875.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071443563 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2.5
Luling North Wwtp, Luling
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110009781708 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2.3
Dale Pump Station, Dale
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071708321 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2
Brownsboro Water Treatment Plant, Lockhart
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071708777 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2
Mcmahan Wtp, Lockhart
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071709291 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2
Dale 2a Pump Station, Dale
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071709550 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2

Correctional facilities

Prisons, jails and corrections operations with an EPA facility record, and the drinking water and wastewater compliance attached to them.

No correctional facility with an EPA record is located in this county.

Discovery / public records

Records to request for Caldwell County

Texas state cancer registry
Cancer incidence counts by census tract or ZIP code, by cancer type and year (de-identified). Any cancer cluster inquiries or investigations in Caldwell County, and their findings.
Texas vital statistics office
Death certificate counts by cause of death and residence tract or ZIP code, and the years behind the mortality measures above.
Texas health department, environmental epidemiology
Health consultations or assessments by ATSDR or the state health department covering the county, and any exposure investigations.
Texas environmental agency and the U.S. EPA regional office
Compliance history, inspection reports, notices of violation, penalties and enforcement actions for each facility above, cited by EPA FRS registry ID.
Texas drinking water program
Violation notices, sampling results and sanitary surveys for the public water systems serving the county, including any system serving a correctional facility.
Department of corrections or county sheriff
Water testing, grievances and environmental health inspections for the correctional facilities listed above.

Each Envyrofax address report includes a printable records request worksheet with the custodian and the exact request wording per finding.

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