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Madison County, Tennessee: environmental and disease records

Cancer mortality in Madison County is 168.5 deaths per 100,000 people per year against a U.S. rate of 143.2, a statistically significant excess. The strongest disease signals are Lung & bronchus deaths at 1.3 times the U.S. rate. Federal databases place 627 regulated facilities, sites and hazards inside the county, led by NPDES wastewater discharge permit (289), Rail grade crossing (120), Gas station (mapped facility) (64). EPA AirToxScreen estimates a lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics of 30 in a million, driven mainly by formaldehyde.

Rates are age-adjusted per 100,000 people. A cancer signal is marked significant when the lower bound of its 95 percent confidence interval is above the U.S. rate. Facility counts use active federal records located inside the county boundary. Approximate county center: 35.603, -88.8425.

How this county ranks in Tennessee

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Cancer deaths and new cases versus the United States

Source: NCI and CDC State Cancer Profiles, both sexes, all ages. Sorted by the ratio of the county rate to the U.S. rate.

Cancer rates for Madison County compared with the United States
Cancer	Measure	County rate	U.S. rate	Times U.S.	95% interval	Years
Kidney & renal pelvis	Deaths	4.6	3.4	1.35x	3.1 to 6.8	2020-2024
Lung & bronchus	Deaths	40.5	30.2	1.34xSignificant	35.7 to 45.7	2020-2024
Kidney & renal pelvis	New cases	22.1	17.9	1.23xSignificant	18.4 to 26.4	2019-2023
Pancreas	Deaths	13.3	11.3	1.18x	10.6 to 16.6	2020-2024
All cancer	Deaths	168.5	143.2	1.18xSignificant	158.4 to 179.1	2020-2024
Stomach	Deaths	2.9	2.7	1.07x	1.7 to 4.8	2020-2024
Liver & bile duct	Deaths	6.9	6.6	1.05x	5 to 9.2	2020-2024
Lung & bronchus	New cases	53.7	51.8	1.04x	48.2 to 59.7	2019-2023
Leukemia	Deaths	5.9	5.7	1.04x	4.2 to 8.2	2020-2024
Liver & bile duct	New cases	8.9	8.7	1.02x	6.8 to 11.4	2019-2023
Esophagus	Deaths	3.6	3.7	0.97x	2.3 to 5.4	2020-2024
All cancer	New cases	430.7	453.4	0.95x	414.1 to 447.8	2019-2023
Pancreas	New cases	13.2	13.9	0.95x	10.4 to 16.6	2019-2023
Esophagus	New cases	4.2	4.6	0.91x	2.8 to 6.3	2019-2023
Stomach	New cases	5.9	6.6	0.89x	4.1 to 8.2	2019-2023
Brain & nervous system	Deaths	3.9	4.4	0.89x	2.4 to 5.9	2020-2024
Leukemia	New cases	12.7	14.5	0.88x	9.9 to 16	2019-2023
Brain & nervous system	New cases	5.2	6.2	0.84x	3.4 to 7.6	2019-2023
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	Deaths	3.9	4.8	0.81x	2.5 to 5.9	2020-2024
Bladder	Deaths	3.2	4.1	0.78x	1.9 to 5	2020-2024
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	New cases	14.2	18.5	0.77x	11.3 to 17.6	2019-2023
Bladder	New cases	12.8	18.7	0.68x	10.1 to 16	2019-2023
Thyroid	New cases	8.6	13	0.66x	6.2 to 11.6	2019-2023
Melanoma of the skin	New cases	12.4	23.8	0.52x	9.7 to 15.6	2019-2023

Mortality measures versus the U.S. county median

Source: County Health Rankings, built from CDC National Vital Statistics System death records. The comparison value is the median of all U.S. counties.

Mortality measures for Madison County
Measure	County	U.S. median	Difference	Unit
Premature death	12,326.9	9,842.6	+25%	years of life lost before age 75 per 100,000
Life expectancy	73.2	75.3	-3%	years
Child mortality	85.2	59.8	+43%	deaths under age 18 per 100,000
Infant mortality	8.1	6.2	+31%	deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births
Injury deaths	93.9	96.9	-3%	deaths per 100,000
Drug overdose deaths	33.4	28.6	+17%	deaths per 100,000

Air toxics and air quality

EPA AirToxScreen 2020

Lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics: 30 in a million. EPA treats 100 in a million as the upper end of acceptable risk and 1 in a million as the goal.

Formaldehyde23.66 per million
Carbon Tetrachloride2.93 per million
Acetaldehyde2.43 per million
Benzene0.89 per million

EPA Air Quality Index 2025

Monitored on 354 days: 263 good, 0 unhealthy for sensitive groups or worse. Median AQI 36, peak 96.

Regulated facilities, sites and hazards by type

627 active records inside the county from EPA ECHO, TRI, Superfund, Brownfields, NPDES, EIA, FAA, FRA and corrections data.

NPDES wastewater discharge permit289
Rail grade crossing120
Gas station (mapped facility)64
Air permit holder (minor source)39
Auto repair or body shop (mapped facility)29
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI)22
TRI reporting facility21
Small hazardous waste generator13
Major air pollution source7
Large greenhouse gas emitter5
Large hazardous waste generator5
Scrapyard (mapped facility)4
Brownfield property2
Heliport2
EPA air quality monitor1
Commercial airport1
Hazardous waste transporter1
Solar power plant1
Superfund (NPL) site1

Highest-severity records

The 25 records with the highest Envyrofax severity in the county, with the agency identifier to cite in a records request.

American Creosote Works, Inc. (Jackson Plant), Jackson
Superfund (NPL) site. Hazard Ranking System score 35.2. NPL Site.
EPA site ID TND007018799 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record
Severity 10
Gerdau Long Steel North America - Jackson Mill, Jackson
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Zinc compounds, Lead compounds, Manganese compounds, Copper compounds and 4 more. Reports carcinogens. 14,348,118 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 38305FLRDSUSHIG (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 10
Electri-Glass Inc., Jackson
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Styrene. Reports carcinogens. 83,804 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 38301LCTRC63COM (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 8.3
Gerdau Ameristeel Us Inc - Sms Mill Services Llc, Jackson
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110007846359 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 7.7
Vorteq Coil Finishers, Jackson
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Certain glycol ethers, 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene, Xylene (mixed isomers), n-Butyl alcohol and 4 more. Reports carcinogens. 10,014 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 38301CNSLDCONAL (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 7.6
Delta Facuet Co Of Tennessee, Jackson
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000374808 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 7.4
Pinnacle Foods Group Llc, Jackson
TRI reporting facility. Penalties $8,000.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000374755 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 7
Owens Corning - Jackson Tn, Jackson
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Methanol, Lead And Lead Compounds, Lead compounds, Chromium compounds (except for chromite ore mined in the Transvaal Region). 155,405 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 38301WNSCR1167L (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 7
Conagra Foods Packaged Foods Llc, Jackson
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Ammonia. 53,449 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 38301THQKR96QUA (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 6.6
Most Inc, Jackson
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Copper compounds, Chlorine, Dioxin and dioxin-like compounds, Lead compounds. Reports carcinogens. 218 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 38301MSTNC355JA (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 6.3
Pringles Manufacturing, Jackson
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110070239247 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 6.1
Wismarq Corp, Jackson
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110043706683 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 6.1
Delta Facuet Co Of Tennessee, Jackson
Large hazardous waste generator.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000374808 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 6
Electric-Glass, Inc., Jackson
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000374719 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 6
Pace Industries Llc, Jackson
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Lead, Copper, Manganese, Nickel. Reports carcinogens. 47 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 38301TLPRD825LO (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 5.8
Young Touchstone, Jackson
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Lead, Manganese, Copper, Chromium and 4 more. Reports carcinogens. 43 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 38301TCHST200SM (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 5.8
Delta Faucet Co Of Tennessee, Jackson
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Lead, Copper, Nickel And Nickel Compounds, Chromium and Chromium Compounds(except for chromite ore mined in the Transvaal Region) and 1 more. Reports carcinogens. 34 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 38305DLTFC3441R (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 5.7
Tms International Llc, Jackson
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Manganese compounds, Manganese And Manganese Compounds, Copper And Copper Compounds, Copper compounds and 4 more. Reports carcinogens. 32 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 38305MSDVT87GER (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 5.7
Balagirdhar Hospitality Llc, Ole South Inn, Denmark
NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $8,272.
EPA FRS registry ID 110006690679 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 5.3
The Carlstar Group Llc, Jackson
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110002107292 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 5.2
Missouri Smelting Technology Inc, Jackson
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110020903398 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 5.2
Carlstar Jackson, Jackson
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Zinc compounds. 410 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 38302MYTGD2500D (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 5
Jackson Rgnl, Jackson
Commercial airport. O.
Record ID MKL (FAA / U.S. DOT)
Severity 5
Owens Corning Composite Materials, Llc, Jackson
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000374782 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.9
Jackson, Jackson
EPA air quality monitor.
Record ID 471130010 (U.S. EPA AirData)
Severity 4.8

Correctional facilities

Prisons, jails and corrections operations with an EPA facility record, and the drinking water and wastewater compliance attached to them.

No correctional facility with an EPA record is located in this county.

Discovery / public records

Records to request for Madison County

Tennessee state cancer registry
Cancer incidence counts by census tract or ZIP code, by cancer type and year (de-identified). Any cancer cluster inquiries or investigations in Madison County, and their findings.
Tennessee vital statistics office
Death certificate counts by cause of death and residence tract or ZIP code, and the years behind the mortality measures above.
Tennessee health department, environmental epidemiology
Health consultations or assessments by ATSDR or the state health department covering the county, and any exposure investigations.
Tennessee environmental agency and the U.S. EPA regional office
Compliance history, inspection reports, notices of violation, penalties and enforcement actions for each facility above, cited by EPA FRS registry ID.
Tennessee drinking water program
Violation notices, sampling results and sanitary surveys for the public water systems serving the county, including any system serving a correctional facility.
Department of corrections or county sheriff
Water testing, grievances and environmental health inspections for the correctional facilities listed above.

Each Envyrofax address report includes a printable records request worksheet with the custodian and the exact request wording per finding.

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