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Lyman County, South Dakota: environmental and disease records

Cancer mortality in Lyman County is 199.7 deaths per 100,000 people per year against a U.S. rate of 143.2, a statistically significant excess. Federal databases place 123 regulated facilities, sites and hazards inside the county, led by Rail grade crossing (64), Brownfield property (22), NPDES wastewater discharge permit (21). EPA AirToxScreen estimates a lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics of 20 in a million, driven mainly by formaldehyde.

Rates are age-adjusted per 100,000 people. A cancer signal is marked significant when the lower bound of its 95 percent confidence interval is above the U.S. rate. Facility counts use active federal records located inside the county boundary. Approximate county center: 43.857, -99.8379.

How this county ranks in South Dakota

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Cancer deaths and new cases versus the United States

Source: NCI and CDC State Cancer Profiles, both sexes, all ages. Sorted by the ratio of the county rate to the U.S. rate.

Cancer rates for Lyman County compared with the United States
CancerMeasureCounty rateU.S. rateTimes U.S.95% intervalYears
Lung & bronchusNew cases77.651.81.5x45.8 to 124.62019-2023
All cancerDeaths199.7143.21.39xSignificant143.8 to 270.92020-2024
All cancerNew cases521.2453.41.15x428 to 629.32019-2023

Mortality measures versus the U.S. county median

Source: County Health Rankings, built from CDC National Vital Statistics System death records. The comparison value is the median of all U.S. counties.

Mortality measures for Lyman County
MeasureCountyU.S. medianDifferenceUnit
Premature death20,853.59,842.6+112%years of life lost before age 75 per 100,000
Life expectancy68.375.3-9%years
Child mortalityn/a59.8n/adeaths under age 18 per 100,000
Infant mortalityn/a6.2n/adeaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births
Injury deaths12296.9+26%deaths per 100,000
Drug overdose deathsn/a28.6n/adeaths per 100,000

Air toxics and air quality

EPA AirToxScreen 2020

Lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics: 20 in a million. EPA treats 100 in a million as the upper end of acceptable risk and 1 in a million as the goal.

  • Formaldehyde11.22 per million
  • Carbon Tetrachloride2.87 per million
  • Acetaldehyde0.79 per million
  • Benzene0.43 per million

EPA Air Quality Index

No EPA air quality monitor reports daily AQI for this county.

Regulated facilities, sites and hazards by type

123 active records inside the county from EPA ECHO, TRI, Superfund, Brownfields, NPDES, EIA, FAA, FRA and corrections data.

  • Rail grade crossing64
  • Brownfield property22
  • NPDES wastewater discharge permit21
  • Gas station (mapped facility)10
  • Auto repair or body shop (mapped facility)3
  • Public airport2
  • Hydroelectric plant1

Highest-severity records

The 25 records with the highest Envyrofax severity in the county, with the agency identifier to cite in a records request.

  1. Lower Brule Lagoon System, Lower Brule

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110012360943 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 4

  2. West Brule Lagoon North, Lower Brule

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110020846343 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 4

  3. West Brule Lagoon South, Lower Brule

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110012344659 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 3.8

  4. Rodeo Grounds Dump, Lower Brule

    Brownfield property.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110038747130 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record

    Severity 3

  5. Former Bia Jail, Lower Brule

    Brownfield property.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110046369452 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record

    Severity 3

  6. Former Bia Administration Building, Lower Brule

    Brownfield property.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110046369461 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record

    Severity 3

  7. Former Housing Authority Building, Lower Brule

    Brownfield property.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110071964874 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record

    Severity 3

  8. Former Willis Vet Supply, Presho

    Brownfield property.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110071965608 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record

    Severity 3

  9. Rodeo Dump, Lower Brule

    Brownfield property.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110071967140 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record

    Severity 3

  10. Kids Pond, Lower Brule

    Brownfield property.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110071969632 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record

    Severity 3

  11. West Brule And Restricted Use Dump Site, Lower Brule

    Brownfield property.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110071970152 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record

    Severity 3

  12. Boys And Girls Club, Lower Brule

    Brownfield property.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110071972035 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record

    Severity 3

  13. Old Yellow School Building, Lower Brule

    Brownfield property.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110071972036 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record

    Severity 3

  14. Durkin Curve, Lower Brule

    Brownfield property.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110071972935 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record

    Severity 3

  15. Lbst Burn Sites - Duplex 1, Lower Brule

    Brownfield property.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110071974847 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record

    Severity 3

  16. Lbst Burn Sites - Old Post Office, Lower Brule

    Brownfield property.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110071974848 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record

    Severity 3

  17. Lbst Burn Sites - Charles Flute Burned House, Lower Brule

    Brownfield property.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110071974849 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record

    Severity 3

  18. Lbst Burn Sites - Burned Camper Mess, Lower Brule

    Brownfield property.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110071974850 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record

    Severity 3

  19. Lyman School District, Presho

    Brownfield property.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110071979629 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record

    Severity 3

  20. Lower Brule Shooting Range, Lower Brule

    Brownfield property.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110071981205 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record

    Severity 3

  21. 74 Sitting Bull St, Lower Brule

    Brownfield property.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110071986308 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record

    Severity 3

  22. 511 Spotted Tail Sreet, Lower Brule

    Brownfield property.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110071986309 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record

    Severity 3

  23. 240 Spotted Tail Street, Lower Brule

    Brownfield property.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110071986310 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record

    Severity 3

  24. 404 Spotted Hawk Street, Lower Brule

    Brownfield property.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110071986311 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record

    Severity 3

  25. 22789 Little Bend Road, Lower Brule

    Brownfield property.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110071986312 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record

    Severity 3

Correctional facilities

Prisons, jails and corrections operations with an EPA facility record, and the drinking water and wastewater compliance attached to them.

No correctional facility with an EPA record is located in this county.

Discovery / public records

Records to request for Lyman County

  • South Dakota state cancer registry

    Cancer incidence counts by census tract or ZIP code, by cancer type and year (de-identified). Any cancer cluster inquiries or investigations in Lyman County, and their findings.

  • South Dakota vital statistics office

    Death certificate counts by cause of death and residence tract or ZIP code, and the years behind the mortality measures above.

  • South Dakota health department, environmental epidemiology

    Health consultations or assessments by ATSDR or the state health department covering the county, and any exposure investigations.

  • South Dakota environmental agency and the U.S. EPA regional office

    Compliance history, inspection reports, notices of violation, penalties and enforcement actions for each facility above, cited by EPA FRS registry ID.

  • South Dakota drinking water program

    Violation notices, sampling results and sanitary surveys for the public water systems serving the county, including any system serving a correctional facility.

  • Department of corrections or county sheriff

    Water testing, grievances and environmental health inspections for the correctional facilities listed above.

Each Envyrofax address report includes a printable records request worksheet with the custodian and the exact request wording per finding.

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