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Codington County, South Dakota: environmental and disease records

Cancer mortality in Codington County is 137.7 deaths per 100,000 people per year against a U.S. rate of 143.2. Federal databases place 224 regulated facilities, sites and hazards inside the county, led by NPDES wastewater discharge permit (65), Rail grade crossing (51), Gas station (mapped facility) (25). EPA AirToxScreen estimates a lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics of 20 in a million, driven mainly by formaldehyde.

Rates are age-adjusted per 100,000 people. A cancer signal is marked significant when the lower bound of its 95 percent confidence interval is above the U.S. rate. Facility counts use active federal records located inside the county boundary. Approximate county center: 44.9775, -97.1883.

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Cancer deaths and new cases versus the United States

Source: NCI and CDC State Cancer Profiles, both sexes, all ages. Sorted by the ratio of the county rate to the U.S. rate.

Cancer rates for Codington County compared with the United States
Cancer	Measure	County rate	U.S. rate	Times U.S.	95% interval	Years
Melanoma of the skin	New cases	35	23.8	1.47xSignificant	26.6 to 45.2	2019-2023
Lung & bronchus	New cases	67.7	51.8	1.31xSignificant	56.8 to 80.5	2019-2023
Bladder	New cases	22.6	18.7	1.21x	16.4 to 30.6	2019-2023
Leukemia	New cases	17.2	14.5	1.19x	11.8 to 24.5	2019-2023
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	New cases	21.2	18.5	1.15x	15 to 29.4	2019-2023
Thyroid	New cases	14.5	13	1.12x	9 to 22.3	2019-2023
Lung & bronchus	Deaths	33.2	30.2	1.1x	25.8 to 42.3	2020-2024
All cancer	New cases	493.8	453.4	1.09xSignificant	461.9 to 527.5	2019-2023
All cancer	Deaths	137.7	143.2	0.96x	121.9 to 155.3	2020-2024
Kidney & renal pelvis	New cases	15.4	17.9	0.86x	10.3 to 22.4	2019-2023
Pancreas	Deaths	7.5	11.3	0.66x	4.4 to 12.5	2020-2024
Pancreas	New cases	7.9	13.9	0.57x	4.5 to 13.2	2019-2023

Mortality measures versus the U.S. county median

Source: County Health Rankings, built from CDC National Vital Statistics System death records. The comparison value is the median of all U.S. counties.

Mortality measures for Codington County
Measure	County	U.S. median	Difference	Unit
Premature death	6,602.4	9,842.6	-33%	years of life lost before age 75 per 100,000
Life expectancy	78.8	75.3	+5%	years
Child mortality	62.2	59.8	+4%	deaths under age 18 per 100,000
Infant mortality	n/a	6.2	n/a	deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births
Injury deaths	85.6	96.9	-12%	deaths per 100,000
Drug overdose deaths	15.2	28.6	-47%	deaths per 100,000

Air toxics and air quality

EPA AirToxScreen 2020

Lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics: 20 in a million. EPA treats 100 in a million as the upper end of acceptable risk and 1 in a million as the goal.

Formaldehyde12.04 per million
Carbon Tetrachloride2.89 per million
Acetaldehyde1.06 per million
Benzene0.71 per million

EPA Air Quality Index 2025

Monitored on 363 days: 283 good, 4 unhealthy for sensitive groups or worse. Median AQI 35, peak 154.

Regulated facilities, sites and hazards by type

224 active records inside the county from EPA ECHO, TRI, Superfund, Brownfields, NPDES, EIA, FAA, FRA and corrections data.

NPDES wastewater discharge permit65
Rail grade crossing51
Gas station (mapped facility)25
Small hazardous waste generator15
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI)12
Auto repair or body shop (mapped facility)11
TRI reporting facility11
Air permit holder (minor source)8
Major air pollution source5
Brownfield property5
Scrapyard (mapped facility)4
Heliport3
Large hazardous waste generator2
EPA air quality monitor1
Commercial airport1
Dry cleaner (mapped facility)1
Large greenhouse gas emitter1
Landfill (mapped facility)1
Oil-fired power plant1
Wind power plant1

Highest-severity records

The 25 records with the highest Envyrofax severity in the county, with the agency identifier to cite in a records request.

Glacial Lakes Energy Llc, Watertown
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Acetaldehyde, Ammonia, n-Hexane, Methanol and 4 more. Reports carcinogens. 160,284 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 57201GLCLL30120 (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 8.5
Fiberglass Specialties Inc, Watertown
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Styrene. Reports carcinogens. 50,879 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 57201FBRGL12251 (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 8.1
Workhorse Cabs Llc Dba Crenlo Engineered Cabs, Watertown
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Manganese, Nickel, Chromium, Copper and 1 more. Reports carcinogens. 1,738 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 57201NGSND315WA (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 7
Dakota Bodies Llc, Watertown
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Manganese, Chromium, Copper, Nickel and 2 more. Reports carcinogens. 655 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 5720WDKTBD212TH (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 6.7
Glacial Lakes Energy Llc, Watertown
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110013292515 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 6.6
Fiberglass Specialties Inc, Watertown
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110004950946 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 5.9
Workhorse Cabs, Llc Watertown Division Dba Crenlo Engineered Cabs, Watertown
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000427850 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 5.2
Watertown Rgnl, Watertown
Commercial airport. O.
Record ID ATY (FAA / U.S. DOT)
Severity 5
Watertown Utility Yard, Watertown
EPA air quality monitor.
Record ID 460290002 (U.S. EPA AirData)
Severity 5
Dakota Bodies Storage Lot, Watertown
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071043584 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.9
Dakota Tube Building 1, Watertown
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: 1-Bromopropane. Reports carcinogens.
TRI facility ID 57201DKTTB221AI (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 4.5
Twin City Die Castings Co - Watertown Div, Watertown
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Lead, Copper. Reports carcinogens.
TRI facility ID 57201TWNCT122CE (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 4.5
Dakota Tube Building 3, Watertown
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: 1-Bromopropane. Reports carcinogens.
TRI facility ID 5720WDKTTB221PH (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 4.5
Terex South Dakota, Watertown
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110070733017 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.3
Watertown Power Plant, Watertown
Oil-fired power plant.
Record ID 7247 (U.S. Energy Information Administration)
Severity 4.1
Dakota Tube Inc, Watertown
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000427832 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
Smith Equipment Manufacturing, Watertown
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000427869 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
Twin City Die Castings Co - Watertown Div, Watertown
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110004947158 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
Glacial Lakes Energy Llc, Watertown
Major air pollution source.
EPA FRS registry ID 110013292515 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
Oem Worldwide Llc, Watertown
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110017614009 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
Gcc-Watertown, Watertown
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110055498698 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
Dakota Tube Building 3, Watertown
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071334298 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
Terex South Dakota, Watertown
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Manganese, Aluminum (fume or dust). 18 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 5720WTRXST31415 (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 4
Magellan Pipeline Co, Lp - Watertown Terminal, Watertown
Major air pollution source.
EPA FRS registry ID 110001676375 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.5
Watertown, City Of, Watertown
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110004949888 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.5

Correctional facilities

Prisons, jails and corrections operations with an EPA facility record, and the drinking water and wastewater compliance attached to them.

No correctional facility with an EPA record is located in this county.

Discovery / public records

Records to request for Codington County

South Dakota state cancer registry
Cancer incidence counts by census tract or ZIP code, by cancer type and year (de-identified). Any cancer cluster inquiries or investigations in Codington County, and their findings.
South Dakota vital statistics office
Death certificate counts by cause of death and residence tract or ZIP code, and the years behind the mortality measures above.
South Dakota health department, environmental epidemiology
Health consultations or assessments by ATSDR or the state health department covering the county, and any exposure investigations.
South Dakota environmental agency and the U.S. EPA regional office
Compliance history, inspection reports, notices of violation, penalties and enforcement actions for each facility above, cited by EPA FRS registry ID.
South Dakota drinking water program
Violation notices, sampling results and sanitary surveys for the public water systems serving the county, including any system serving a correctional facility.
Department of corrections or county sheriff
Water testing, grievances and environmental health inspections for the correctional facilities listed above.

Each Envyrofax address report includes a printable records request worksheet with the custodian and the exact request wording per finding.

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