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Madison County, Ohio: environmental and disease records

Cancer mortality in Madison County is 161.1 deaths per 100,000 people per year against a U.S. rate of 143.2, a statistically significant excess. The strongest disease signals are Lung & bronchus deaths at 1.5 times the U.S. rate. Federal databases place 158 regulated facilities, sites and hazards inside the county, led by Rail grade crossing (51), NPDES wastewater discharge permit (31), Gas station (mapped facility) (19). 2 correctional facilities operate in the county, at least one with health-based drinking water violations on record. EPA AirToxScreen estimates a lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics of 30 in a million, driven mainly by formaldehyde.

Rates are age-adjusted per 100,000 people. A cancer signal is marked significant when the lower bound of its 95 percent confidence interval is above the U.S. rate. Facility counts use active federal records located inside the county boundary. Approximate county center: 39.8922, -83.4001.

How this county ranks in Ohio

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Cancer deaths and new cases versus the United States

Source: NCI and CDC State Cancer Profiles, both sexes, all ages. Sorted by the ratio of the county rate to the U.S. rate.

Cancer rates for Madison County compared with the United States
Cancer	Measure	County rate	U.S. rate	Times U.S.	95% interval	Years
Bladder	Deaths	6.1	4.1	1.49x	3.4 to 10	2020-2024
Lung & bronchus	Deaths	43.8	30.2	1.45xSignificant	36.5 to 52.3	2020-2024
Lung & bronchus	New cases	74.3	51.8	1.43xSignificant	64.6 to 85.1	2019-2023
Brain & nervous system	New cases	7.7	6.2	1.24x	4.6 to 12.2	2019-2023
Melanoma of the skin	New cases	28.9	23.8	1.21x	22.7 to 36.3	2019-2023
Bladder	New cases	21.9	18.7	1.17x	16.7 to 28.4	2019-2023
Pancreas	Deaths	12.9	11.3	1.14x	9.1 to 18	2020-2024
Kidney & renal pelvis	New cases	20.3	17.9	1.13x	15.3 to 26.5	2019-2023
All cancer	Deaths	161.1	143.2	1.13xSignificant	146.4 to 177	2020-2024
All cancer	New cases	495.2	453.4	1.09xSignificant	468.9 to 522.6	2019-2023
Pancreas	New cases	15.1	13.9	1.09x	10.9 to 20.5	2019-2023
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	New cases	19.6	18.5	1.06x	14.6 to 26	2019-2023
Stomach	New cases	6.4	6.6	0.97x	3.6 to 10.5	2019-2023
Leukemia	New cases	13.5	14.5	0.93x	9.4 to 19	2019-2023
Thyroid	New cases	10.1	13	0.78x	6.4 to 15	2019-2023

Mortality measures versus the U.S. county median

Source: County Health Rankings, built from CDC National Vital Statistics System death records. The comparison value is the median of all U.S. counties.

Mortality measures for Madison County
Measure	County	U.S. median	Difference	Unit
Premature death	7,955.6	9,842.6	-19%	years of life lost before age 75 per 100,000
Life expectancy	76.2	75.3	+1%	years
Child mortality	50.6	59.8	-15%	deaths under age 18 per 100,000
Infant mortality	7.4	6.2	+20%	deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births
Injury deaths	76.7	96.9	-21%	deaths per 100,000
Drug overdose deaths	30.9	28.6	+8%	deaths per 100,000

Air toxics and air quality

EPA AirToxScreen 2020

Lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics: 30 in a million. EPA treats 100 in a million as the upper end of acceptable risk and 1 in a million as the goal.

Formaldehyde16.79 per million
Carbon Tetrachloride2.93 per million
Acetaldehyde1.7 per million
Benzene1.11 per million

EPA Air Quality Index 2025

Monitored on 244 days: 193 good, 5 unhealthy for sensitive groups or worse. Median AQI 43, peak 112.

Regulated facilities, sites and hazards by type

158 active records inside the county from EPA ECHO, TRI, Superfund, Brownfields, NPDES, EIA, FAA, FRA and corrections data.

Rail grade crossing51
NPDES wastewater discharge permit31
Gas station (mapped facility)19
Air permit holder (minor source)11
Large hazardous waste generator7
Small hazardous waste generator7
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI)7
TRI reporting facility6
Major air pollution source3
Auto repair or body shop (mapped facility)3
Wastewater plant (mapped facility)3
Public airport2
Brownfield property2
Correctional facility (prison or jail)2
EPA air quality monitor1
Commercial airport1
Heliport1
Scrapyard (mapped facility)1

Highest-severity records

The 25 records with the highest Envyrofax severity in the county, with the agency identifier to cite in a records request.

Stanley Electric U.S. Co Inc., London
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Styrene. Reports carcinogens. 16,498 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 43140STNLY1627S (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 7.7
Stephen'S Pipe & Steel Inc, Mount Sterling
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Zinc compounds, Lead. Reports carcinogens. 7,253 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 43143RBRTS10732 (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 7.5
Jefferson Industries Corp, West Jefferson
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Manganese, Chromium, Aluminum (fume or dust), Copper and 1 more. Reports carcinogens. 1,091 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 43162JFFRS6670S (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 6.8
Mahle Behr Mt Sterling Inc., Mount Sterling
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Nitric acid, Zinc (fume or dust), Manganese, Nitrate compounds (water dissociable; reportable only when in aqueous solution). 6,985 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 4314WKHNTH15DAY (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 6
Stanley Electric Us Company, London
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000382121 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 5.7
Suburbans Community Mhp-Suburbans Community Mhp, Plain City
NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $2,500.
EPA FRS registry ID 110006297961 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 5.5
Stephens Pipe And Steel Inc, Mount Sterling
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000382130 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 5.5
Intelligrated Products Llc, London
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Manganese, Chromium, Nickel. Reports carcinogens. 5 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 4314WNTLLG475EH (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 5.1
Jefferson Industries Corp, West Jefferson
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000382229 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 5.1
London Wwtp, London
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000735278 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.8
Greentree Mobile Home Park-Green Tree Mhp, Galloway
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110006298318 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.5
Picket Fences Mhp, West Jefferson
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110006698911 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.5
Green Meadows Mhp, London
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110010432718 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.5
London Correctional Institute, London
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110006106196 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.3
Tolles Career & Technical Center, Plain City
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110006109558 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.3
B & B Lodge, Galloway
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110006298498 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.3
Mid-Ohio Wsd - Chrisman Avenue Wtp-East Water Treatment Plant, London
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110009649327 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.3
Armaly Brands Llc London Plant, London
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110001619641 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
South Solon Wwtp, South Solon
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110006297952 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
Camp Wissalohican Sanitary Sewer District, West Jefferson
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110008585995 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
Village Of West Jefferson, West Jefferson
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110011016621 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
Plain City Wwtp, Plain City
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110039728603 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
Intelligrated Products, Llc, London
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110069992081 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
West Jefferson- Mfi, West Jefferson
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071948257 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
London Correctional Institute, London
Air permit holder (minor source).
EPA FRS registry ID 110006106196 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.8

Correctional facilities

Prisons, jails and corrections operations with an EPA facility record, and the drinking water and wastewater compliance attached to them.

London Correctional Institute, London
EPA FRS registry ID
110006106196
Water system
OH4901012
Health-based violations
1 all time, 0 in 5 years
All violations
11
Contaminants cited
Coliform (TCR)
Wastewater permit
Yes, 7 quarters in noncompliance
EPA detailed facility report
Madison Correctional Institution, London
EPA FRS registry ID
110006107471
Wastewater permit
None on record
EPA detailed facility report

Discovery / public records

Records to request for Madison County

Ohio state cancer registry
Cancer incidence counts by census tract or ZIP code, by cancer type and year (de-identified). Any cancer cluster inquiries or investigations in Madison County, and their findings.
Ohio vital statistics office
Death certificate counts by cause of death and residence tract or ZIP code, and the years behind the mortality measures above.
Ohio health department, environmental epidemiology
Health consultations or assessments by ATSDR or the state health department covering the county, and any exposure investigations.
Ohio environmental agency and the U.S. EPA regional office
Compliance history, inspection reports, notices of violation, penalties and enforcement actions for each facility above, cited by EPA FRS registry ID.
Ohio drinking water program
Violation notices, sampling results and sanitary surveys for the public water systems serving the county, including any system serving a correctional facility.
Department of corrections or county sheriff
Water testing, grievances and environmental health inspections for the correctional facilities listed above.

Each Envyrofax address report includes a printable records request worksheet with the custodian and the exact request wording per finding.

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