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St. Lawrence County, New York: environmental and disease records

Cancer mortality in St. Lawrence County is 165 deaths per 100,000 people per year against a U.S. rate of 143.2, a statistically significant excess. The strongest disease signals are Esophagus deaths at 1.8 times the U.S. rate and Lung & bronchus deaths at 1.4 times the U.S. rate. Federal databases place 735 regulated facilities, sites and hazards inside the county, led by Rail grade crossing (229), NPDES wastewater discharge permit (184), Air permit holder (minor source) (63). 5 correctional facilities operate in the county. EPA AirToxScreen estimates a lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics of 20 in a million, driven mainly by formaldehyde.

Rates are age-adjusted per 100,000 people. A cancer signal is marked significant when the lower bound of its 95 percent confidence interval is above the U.S. rate. Facility counts use active federal records located inside the county boundary. Approximate county center: 44.5255, -75.1659.

How this county ranks in New York

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Cancer deaths and new cases versus the United States

Source: NCI and CDC State Cancer Profiles, both sexes, all ages. Sorted by the ratio of the county rate to the U.S. rate.

Cancer rates for St. Lawrence County compared with the United States
CancerMeasureCounty rateU.S. rateTimes U.S.95% intervalYears
EsophagusNew cases8.34.61.8xSignificant6.2 to 10.92019-2023
EsophagusDeaths6.53.71.76xSignificant4.7 to 8.72020-2024
Lung & bronchusDeaths40.930.21.35xSignificant36.4 to 45.82020-2024
BladderNew cases25.118.71.34xSignificant21.6 to 29.12019-2023
Lung & bronchusNew cases68.851.81.33xSignificant62.9 to 75.22019-2023
LeukemiaNew cases18.814.51.3xSignificant15.5 to 22.62019-2023
Kidney & renal pelvisDeaths4.33.41.26x2.9 to 6.22020-2024
Kidney & renal pelvisNew cases22.617.91.26xSignificant19 to 26.72019-2023
Melanoma of the skinDeaths2.521.25x1.5 to 4.12020-2024
Brain & nervous systemDeaths5.44.41.23x3.7 to 7.62020-2024
Brain & nervous systemNew cases7.36.21.18x5.2 to 102019-2023
LeukemiaDeaths6.65.71.16x4.7 to 8.92020-2024
All cancerDeaths165143.21.15xSignificant155.6 to 174.82020-2024
BladderDeaths4.74.11.15x3.2 to 6.72020-2024
All cancerNew cases478.1453.41.05xSignificant461.6 to 4952019-2023
PancreasDeaths11.311.31x9 to 142020-2024
Non-Hodgkin lymphomaDeaths4.74.80.98x3.2 to 6.72020-2024
Melanoma of the skinNew cases23.123.80.97x19.4 to 27.22019-2023
Non-Hodgkin lymphomaNew cases16.618.50.9x13.7 to 20.12019-2023
StomachDeaths2.42.70.89x1.4 to 3.92020-2024
PancreasNew cases11.713.90.84x9.4 to 14.62019-2023
StomachNew cases5.26.60.79x3.7 to 7.32019-2023
Liver & bile ductDeaths56.60.76x3.5 to 72020-2024
Liver & bile ductNew cases5.98.70.68x4.2 to 8.12019-2023
ThyroidNew cases8.4130.65x6.1 to 11.32019-2023

Mortality measures versus the U.S. county median

Source: County Health Rankings, built from CDC National Vital Statistics System death records. The comparison value is the median of all U.S. counties.

Mortality measures for St. Lawrence County
MeasureCountyU.S. medianDifferenceUnit
Premature death8,243.39,842.6-16%years of life lost before age 75 per 100,000
Life expectancy76.875.3+2%years
Child mortality59.759.8-0%deaths under age 18 per 100,000
Infant mortality6.66.2+7%deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births
Injury deaths60.796.9-37%deaths per 100,000
Drug overdose deaths21.728.6-24%deaths per 100,000

Air toxics and air quality

EPA AirToxScreen 2020

Lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics: 20 in a million. EPA treats 100 in a million as the upper end of acceptable risk and 1 in a million as the goal.

  • Formaldehyde11.69 per million
  • Carbon Tetrachloride3.02 per million
  • Acetaldehyde1.35 per million
  • Benzene1.07 per million

EPA Air Quality Index

No EPA air quality monitor reports daily AQI for this county.

Regulated facilities, sites and hazards by type

735 active records inside the county from EPA ECHO, TRI, Superfund, Brownfields, NPDES, EIA, FAA, FRA and corrections data.

  • Rail grade crossing229
  • NPDES wastewater discharge permit184
  • Air permit holder (minor source)63
  • Large hazardous waste generator50
  • Gas station (mapped facility)42
  • Small hazardous waste generator38
  • Hydroelectric plant35
  • Toxic chemical release facility (TRI)16
  • TRI reporting facility13
  • Auto repair or body shop (mapped facility)12
  • Brownfield property9
  • Wastewater plant (mapped facility)7
  • Major air pollution source5
  • Correctional facility (prison or jail)5
  • Large greenhouse gas emitter5
  • Public airport4
  • Solar power plant4
  • Commercial airport3
  • EPA air quality monitor2
  • Hazardous waste transporter2
  • Landfill (mapped facility)2
  • Gas power plant2
  • Superfund (NPL) site2
  • Heliport1

Highest-severity records

The 25 records with the highest Envyrofax severity in the county, with the agency identifier to cite in a records request.

  1. General Motors (Central Foundry Division), Massena

    Superfund (NPL) site. Hazard Ranking System score 40.7. NPL Site.

    EPA site ID NYD091972554 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record

    Severity 10

  2. Sealand Restoration, Inc., Lisbon

    Superfund (NPL) site. Hazard Ranking System score 29.4. NPL Site.

    EPA site ID NYD980535181 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record

    Severity 10

  3. St Lawrence Zinc Co Balmat 4 Mine & Mill, Gouverneur

    Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Zinc compounds, Lead And Lead Compounds, Cadmium And Cadmium Compounds, Lead compounds and 4 more. Reports carcinogens. 10,350,659 lbs released over 5 years.

    TRI facility ID 13642ZCMNS408SY (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

    Severity 9.9

  4. Alcoa Usa Corp., Massena

    Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Carbonyl sulfide, Hydrogen fluoride, Polycyclic aromatic compounds, Chromium and 4 more. Reports carcinogens. 2,939,235 lbs released over 5 years.

    TRI facility ID 1366WLCSCR1814S (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

    Severity 9.5

  5. North Country Dairy, Llc, North Lawrence

    TRI reporting facility. Penalties $88,129.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000539123 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 8.6

  6. Alcoa Massena Operations - West Plant, Massena

    Major air pollution source. Penalties $25,000.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000582735 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 7.5

  7. North Country Dairy Llc, North Lawrence

    Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Nitrate compounds (water dissociable; reportable only when in aqueous solution), Nitric acid. 566,007 lbs released over 5 years.

    TRI facility ID 12967KRFTNWILLI (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

    Severity 7.4

  8. Empire State Mines Llc, Gouverneur

    TRI reporting facility.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110001175139 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 7.2

  9. Alcoa Massena Operations - West Plant, Massena

    Large hazardous waste generator. Penalties $25,000.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000582735 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 7

  10. Alcoa Massena Operations - West Plant, Massena

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $25,000.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000582735 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 7

  11. Norwood (V) Wwtp, Norwood

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $56,615.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110039933597 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 7

  12. Alcoa Usa Corp., Massena

    TRI reporting facility.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110070069670 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 6.9

  13. Alcoa Massena Operations - West Plant, Massena

    Large greenhouse gas emitter. Penalties $25,000.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000582735 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 6.5

  14. Norfolk Lpg Terminal, Norfolk

    TRI reporting facility.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000737392 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 6.5

  15. Hoosier Magnetics Inc, Ogdensburg

    TRI reporting facility. Penalties $80,000.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110001142059 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 6.5

  16. Losurdo Foods Inc, Heuvelton

    TRI reporting facility.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110012708267 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 6.1

  17. Hoosier Magnetics Inc, Ogdensburg

    Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Hydrochloric acid (acid aerosols including mists, vapors, gas, fog, and other airborne forms of any particle size). 8,815 lbs released over 5 years.

    TRI facility ID 13669HSRMGLOWER (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

    Severity 6

  18. Corning - Canton Plant, Canton

    TRI reporting facility.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000326022 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 6

  19. Massena Stp, Massena

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110019349533 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 6

  20. Dunn Paper - Natural Dam, Gouverneur

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110064650104 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 6

  21. Cives Steel Co Northern Div, Gouverneur

    TRI reporting facility.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000326086 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 5.8

  22. City Of Ogdensburg Wastewater Treatment Plant, Ogdensburg

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $33,200.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000709207 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 5.5

  23. Norfolk Lpg Terminal, Norfolk

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000737392 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 5.5

  24. Cellu Tissue National Dam Div, Gouverneur

    TRI reporting facility. Penalties $22,000.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110008024958 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 5.5

  25. Corscadden Family Farm, Richville

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $1,000.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110011384590 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 5.5

Correctional facilities

Prisons, jails and corrections operations with an EPA facility record, and the drinking water and wastewater compliance attached to them.

Discovery / public records

Records to request for St. Lawrence County

  • New York state cancer registry

    Cancer incidence counts by census tract or ZIP code, by cancer type and year (de-identified). Any cancer cluster inquiries or investigations in St. Lawrence County, and their findings.

  • New York vital statistics office

    Death certificate counts by cause of death and residence tract or ZIP code, and the years behind the mortality measures above.

  • New York health department, environmental epidemiology

    Health consultations or assessments by ATSDR or the state health department covering the county, and any exposure investigations.

  • New York environmental agency and the U.S. EPA regional office

    Compliance history, inspection reports, notices of violation, penalties and enforcement actions for each facility above, cited by EPA FRS registry ID.

  • New York drinking water program

    Violation notices, sampling results and sanitary surveys for the public water systems serving the county, including any system serving a correctional facility.

  • Department of corrections or county sheriff

    Water testing, grievances and environmental health inspections for the correctional facilities listed above.

Each Envyrofax address report includes a printable records request worksheet with the custodian and the exact request wording per finding.

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