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Orleans County, New York: environmental and disease records

Cancer mortality in Orleans County is 172.9 deaths per 100,000 people per year against a U.S. rate of 143.2, a statistically significant excess. The strongest disease signals are Lung & bronchus deaths at 1.4 times the U.S. rate. Federal databases place 187 regulated facilities, sites and hazards inside the county, led by NPDES wastewater discharge permit (57), Rail grade crossing (38), Air permit holder (minor source) (20). 2 correctional facilities operate in the county. EPA AirToxScreen estimates a lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics of 20 in a million, driven mainly by formaldehyde.

Rates are age-adjusted per 100,000 people. A cancer signal is marked significant when the lower bound of its 95 percent confidence interval is above the U.S. rate. Facility counts use active federal records located inside the county boundary. Approximate county center: 43.2586, -78.2298.

How this county ranks in New York

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Cancer deaths and new cases versus the United States

Source: NCI and CDC State Cancer Profiles, both sexes, all ages. Sorted by the ratio of the county rate to the U.S. rate.

Cancer rates for Orleans County compared with the United States
Cancer	Measure	County rate	U.S. rate	Times U.S.	95% interval	Years
Esophagus	New cases	7.9	4.6	1.72xSignificant	4.8 to 12.3	2019-2023
Lung & bronchus	New cases	86.9	51.8	1.68xSignificant	76.2 to 98.7	2019-2023
Bladder	New cases	31.1	18.7	1.66xSignificant	24.8 to 38.8	2019-2023
Esophagus	Deaths	5.9	3.7	1.59x	3.3 to 9.8	2020-2024
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	Deaths	7.4	4.8	1.54x	4.3 to 11.9	2020-2024
Bladder	Deaths	5.9	4.1	1.44x	3.3 to 9.8	2020-2024
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	New cases	26.4	18.5	1.43xSignificant	20.5 to 33.8	2019-2023
Lung & bronchus	Deaths	42.9	30.2	1.42xSignificant	35.6 to 51.4	2020-2024
Thyroid	New cases	18.4	13	1.42x	12.6 to 25.8	2019-2023
All cancer	New cases	550	453.4	1.21xSignificant	521.3 to 580	2019-2023
All cancer	Deaths	172.9	143.2	1.21xSignificant	157.4 to 189.8	2020-2024
Pancreas	Deaths	13.3	11.3	1.18x	9.3 to 18.6	2020-2024
Melanoma of the skin	New cases	26.2	23.8	1.1x	20 to 33.8	2019-2023
Leukemia	Deaths	6.2	5.7	1.09x	3.5 to 10.3	2020-2024
Pancreas	New cases	14.3	13.9	1.03x	10 to 19.8	2019-2023
Leukemia	New cases	14.7	14.5	1.01x	10.3 to 20.5	2019-2023
Liver & bile duct	New cases	7.5	8.7	0.86x	4.7 to 11.7	2019-2023
Kidney & renal pelvis	New cases	14.7	17.9	0.82x	10.4 to 20.2	2019-2023

Mortality measures versus the U.S. county median

Source: County Health Rankings, built from CDC National Vital Statistics System death records. The comparison value is the median of all U.S. counties.

Mortality measures for Orleans County
Measure	County	U.S. median	Difference	Unit
Premature death	7,355.5	9,842.6	-25%	years of life lost before age 75 per 100,000
Life expectancy	76.9	75.3	+2%	years
Child mortality	56	59.8	-6%	deaths under age 18 per 100,000
Infant mortality	8.8	6.2	+42%	deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births
Injury deaths	60.9	96.9	-37%	deaths per 100,000
Drug overdose deaths	13.4	28.6	-53%	deaths per 100,000

Air toxics and air quality

EPA AirToxScreen 2020

Lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics: 20 in a million. EPA treats 100 in a million as the upper end of acceptable risk and 1 in a million as the goal.

Formaldehyde12.71 per million
Carbon Tetrachloride3 per million
Acetaldehyde1.24 per million
Benzene1.09 per million

EPA Air Quality Index

No EPA air quality monitor reports daily AQI for this county.

Regulated facilities, sites and hazards by type

187 active records inside the county from EPA ECHO, TRI, Superfund, Brownfields, NPDES, EIA, FAA, FRA and corrections data.

NPDES wastewater discharge permit57
Rail grade crossing38
Air permit holder (minor source)20
Large hazardous waste generator18
Small hazardous waste generator16
Gas station (mapped facility)13
Public airport7
Correctional facility (prison or jail)2
Hydroelectric plant2
Solar power plant2
TRI reporting facility2
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI)2
Wastewater plant (mapped facility)2
Major air pollution source1
Auto repair or body shop (mapped facility)1
Large greenhouse gas emitter1
Heliport1
Landfill (mapped facility)1
Superfund (NPL) site1

Highest-severity records

The 25 records with the highest Envyrofax severity in the county, with the agency identifier to cite in a records request.

Diaz Chemical Corporation, Holley
Superfund (NPL) site. Hazard Ranking System score 50. NPL Site.
EPA site ID NYD067532580 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record
Severity 10
Western New York Energy, Medina
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110032965548 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 8.5
Western New York Energy Llc, Medina
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Acetaldehyde, n-Hexane, Acrolein, Methanol and 4 more. Reports carcinogens. 143,071 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 14103WSTRN4141B (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 8.5
Saint-Gobain Adfors America Inc, Albion
TRI reporting facility. Penalties $2,000.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000327520 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 6
Diaz Chemical, Holley
Large hazardous waste generator.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000327664 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 6
Medina (V) Wwtp, Medina
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110002345178 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 6
Saint-Gobain Adfors America Inc, Albion
Major air pollution source. Penalties $2,000.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000327520 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 5.5
Lyndonville (V) Wwtp, Lyndonville
NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $8,300.
EPA FRS registry ID 110019494411 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 5.5
Van Lieshout Farm, Albion
NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $70,000.
EPA FRS registry ID 110070628066 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 5.3
Saint-Gobain Adfors America Inc, Albion
Large hazardous waste generator. Penalties $2,000.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000327520 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 5
Saint-Gobain Adfors America Inc, Albion
NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $2,000.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000327520 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 5
Western New York Energy, Medina
Large greenhouse gas emitter.
EPA FRS registry ID 110032965548 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 5
Diaz Chemical, Holley
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000327664 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.5
Diaz Chemical, Holley
Air permit holder (minor source).
EPA FRS registry ID 110000327664 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
Holley (V) Stp, Holley
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110006621129 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
Western New York Energy, Medina
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110032965548 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
Brunner Intl Inc, Medina
Large hazardous waste generator.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000809484 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.8
Western New York Energy, Medina
Air permit holder (minor source).
EPA FRS registry ID 110032965548 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.5
Shelby Crushed Stone, Inc., Medina
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110012646388 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.3
Mizkan America, Inc, Lyndonville
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110019383068 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.3
Village Of Albion Jmipcf, Albion
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000735054 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3
National Grid-Albion Service Center, Albion
Large hazardous waste generator.
EPA FRS registry ID 110004393255 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3
Nysdot Bin 4445170, Albion
Large hazardous waste generator.
EPA FRS registry ID 110008035072 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3
Nysdot Bin 1014740, Carlton
Large hazardous waste generator.
EPA FRS registry ID 110037432515 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3
Nysdot Bin 1014750, Carlton
Large hazardous waste generator.
EPA FRS registry ID 110037432524 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3

Correctional facilities

Prisons, jails and corrections operations with an EPA facility record, and the drinking water and wastewater compliance attached to them.

Orleans Correctional Facility, Albion
EPA FRS registry ID
110004502896
Wastewater permit
None on record
EPA detailed facility report
Nys Albion/Orleans Correctional Facility, Albion
EPA FRS registry ID
110009468085
Wastewater permit
Yes
EPA detailed facility report

Discovery / public records

Records to request for Orleans County

New York state cancer registry
Cancer incidence counts by census tract or ZIP code, by cancer type and year (de-identified). Any cancer cluster inquiries or investigations in Orleans County, and their findings.
New York vital statistics office
Death certificate counts by cause of death and residence tract or ZIP code, and the years behind the mortality measures above.
New York health department, environmental epidemiology
Health consultations or assessments by ATSDR or the state health department covering the county, and any exposure investigations.
New York environmental agency and the U.S. EPA regional office
Compliance history, inspection reports, notices of violation, penalties and enforcement actions for each facility above, cited by EPA FRS registry ID.
New York drinking water program
Violation notices, sampling results and sanitary surveys for the public water systems serving the county, including any system serving a correctional facility.
Department of corrections or county sheriff
Water testing, grievances and environmental health inspections for the correctional facilities listed above.

Each Envyrofax address report includes a printable records request worksheet with the custodian and the exact request wording per finding.

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