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Oneida County, New York: environmental and disease records

Cancer mortality in Oneida County is 151 deaths per 100,000 people per year against a U.S. rate of 143.2, a statistically significant excess. The strongest disease signals are Lung & bronchus deaths at 1.1 times the U.S. rate. Federal databases place 1,154 regulated facilities, sites and hazards inside the county, led by NPDES wastewater discharge permit (320), Rail grade crossing (185), Air permit holder (minor source) (164). 6 correctional facilities operate in the county, at least one with health-based drinking water violations on record. EPA AirToxScreen estimates a lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics of 20 in a million, driven mainly by formaldehyde.

Rates are age-adjusted per 100,000 people. A cancer signal is marked significant when the lower bound of its 95 percent confidence interval is above the U.S. rate. Facility counts use active federal records located inside the county boundary. Approximate county center: 43.2401, -75.497.

How this county ranks in New York

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Cancer deaths and new cases versus the United States

Source: NCI and CDC State Cancer Profiles, both sexes, all ages. Sorted by the ratio of the county rate to the U.S. rate.

Cancer rates for Oneida County compared with the United States
Cancer	Measure	County rate	U.S. rate	Times U.S.	95% interval	Years
Bladder	New cases	26.5	18.7	1.42xSignificant	24 to 29.1	2019-2023
Lung & bronchus	New cases	70.7	51.8	1.36xSignificant	66.7 to 75	2019-2023
Melanoma of the skin	Deaths	2.5	2	1.25x	1.7 to 3.5	2020-2024
Pancreas	New cases	17.3	13.9	1.24xSignificant	15.3 to 19.5	2019-2023
Thyroid	New cases	16.1	13	1.24xSignificant	13.8 to 18.6	2019-2023
Kidney & renal pelvis	New cases	20.8	17.9	1.16xSignificant	18.5 to 23.3	2019-2023
Leukemia	Deaths	6.6	5.7	1.16x	5.3 to 8.1	2020-2024
Lung & bronchus	Deaths	34.7	30.2	1.15xSignificant	31.9 to 37.6	2020-2024
Pancreas	Deaths	12.9	11.3	1.14x	11.2 to 14.7	2020-2024
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	New cases	20.9	18.5	1.13xSignificant	18.6 to 23.4	2019-2023
Brain & nervous system	New cases	7	6.2	1.13x	5.6 to 8.7	2019-2023
Esophagus	Deaths	4.1	3.7	1.11x	3.2 to 5.2	2020-2024
All cancer	New cases	493.1	453.4	1.09xSignificant	481.8 to 504.6	2019-2023
Kidney & renal pelvis	Deaths	3.6	3.4	1.06x	2.7 to 4.7	2020-2024
All cancer	Deaths	151	143.2	1.05xSignificant	145 to 157.3	2020-2024
Leukemia	New cases	15.1	14.5	1.04x	13.1 to 17.3	2019-2023
Bladder	Deaths	4.2	4.1	1.02x	3.3 to 5.4	2020-2024
Esophagus	New cases	4.7	4.6	1.02x	3.7 to 6	2019-2023
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	Deaths	4.7	4.8	0.98x	3.6 to 5.9	2020-2024
Melanoma of the skin	New cases	22.4	23.8	0.94x	20 to 25.1	2019-2023
Brain & nervous system	Deaths	4.1	4.4	0.93x	3.1 to 5.3	2020-2024
Liver & bile duct	New cases	7.9	8.7	0.91x	6.6 to 9.5	2019-2023
Childhood cancer (under 15)	New cases	14.7	16.4	0.9x	9.9 to 21	2019-2023
Liver & bile duct	Deaths	5.7	6.6	0.86x	4.6 to 7.1	2020-2024
Stomach	New cases	5.6	6.6	0.85x	4.5 to 7	2019-2023
Stomach	Deaths	1.4	2.7	0.52x	0.9 to 2.1	2020-2024

Mortality measures versus the U.S. county median

Source: County Health Rankings, built from CDC National Vital Statistics System death records. The comparison value is the median of all U.S. counties.

Mortality measures for Oneida County
Measure	County	U.S. median	Difference	Unit
Premature death	8,898.4	9,842.6	-10%	years of life lost before age 75 per 100,000
Life expectancy	76.3	75.3	+1%	years
Child mortality	54.5	59.8	-9%	deaths under age 18 per 100,000
Infant mortality	6.5	6.2	+5%	deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births
Injury deaths	82	96.9	-15%	deaths per 100,000
Drug overdose deaths	34.5	28.6	+21%	deaths per 100,000

Air toxics and air quality

EPA AirToxScreen 2020

Lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics: 20 in a million. EPA treats 100 in a million as the upper end of acceptable risk and 1 in a million as the goal.

Formaldehyde13.04 per million
Carbon Tetrachloride2.97 per million
Acetaldehyde1.44 per million
Benzene1.33 per million

EPA Air Quality Index 2025

Monitored on 353 days: 298 good, 0 unhealthy for sensitive groups or worse. Median AQI 27, peak 99.

Regulated facilities, sites and hazards by type

1,154 active records inside the county from EPA ECHO, TRI, Superfund, Brownfields, NPDES, EIA, FAA, FRA and corrections data.

NPDES wastewater discharge permit320
Rail grade crossing185
Air permit holder (minor source)164
Large hazardous waste generator136
Small hazardous waste generator93
Gas station (mapped facility)72
Brownfield property39
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI)34
TRI reporting facility30
Auto repair or body shop (mapped facility)24
Public airport11
Solar power plant8
Correctional facility (prison or jail)6
Large greenhouse gas emitter5
Heliport4
Major air pollution source3
Hazardous waste transporter3
Hydroelectric plant3
Wastewater plant (mapped facility)3
Dry cleaner (mapped facility)2
Gas power plant2
Scrapyard (mapped facility)2
EPA air quality monitor1
Commercial airport1
Landfill (mapped facility)1
Biomass power plant1
Superfund (NPL) site1

Highest-severity records

The 25 records with the highest Envyrofax severity in the county, with the agency identifier to cite in a records request.

Griffiss Air Force Base, Rome
Superfund (NPL) site. Hazard Ranking System score 34.2. NPL Site.
EPA site ID NY4571924451 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record
Severity 10
Revere Copper Products Inc, Rome
TRI reporting facility. Penalties $26,600.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000325862 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 9.5
O W Hubbell & Sons, Ny Mills
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000325817 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 8.5
Wolfspeed - Mohawk Valley Fab, Marcy
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110070050078 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 8.4
Remet Pic Inc, Utica
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000809705 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 8
Special Metals Corp, New Hartford
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000325808 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 7.7
Indium Corp Of America, Clinton
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110004393754 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 7.4
Resonetics, New Hartford
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110033162654 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 7.4
Resonetics Smart Materials Inc, New Hartford
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Sulfuric acid (acid aerosols including mists, vapors, gas, fog, and other airborne forms of any particle size), Nitric acid, Hydrogen fluoride, Nickel. Reports carcinogens. 5,068 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 13413SSSMR4355M (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 7.3
Utica Corp, Whitesboro
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000325915 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 7.3
Tect Utica, Whitesboro
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Hydrogen fluoride, Nitric acid, Nickel compounds, Lead compounds. Reports carcinogens. 3,816 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 13492TCCRPHALSE (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 7.2
Varflex Corp, Rome
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Xylene (mixed isomers), Butyl acrylate, Toluene, Dimethyl phthalate and 3 more. Reports carcinogens. 2,500 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 13440VRFLX512WE (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 7.1
Oneida County Water Pollution Control Plant, Utica
NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $3,825.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000555612 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 7
Iwg Nest Llc (Dba Owl Wire & Cable), Rome
TRI reporting facility. Penalties $1,390.
EPA FRS registry ID 110024448070 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 7
Special Metals Corp, New Hartford
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Nickel, Chromium, Cobalt, Copper and 2 more. Reports carcinogens. 1,619 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 13413SPCLMMIDDL (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 7
Revere Copper Products Inc, Rome
Large hazardous waste generator. Penalties $26,600.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000325862 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 6.8
Revere Copper Products Inc, Rome
NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $26,600.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000325862 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 6.8
Village Of Booneville Wwtp, Boonville
NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $1,390.
EPA FRS registry ID 110009829604 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 6.8
Revere Copper Products Inc., Rome
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Copper And Copper Compounds, Copper compounds, Lead And Lead Compounds, Lead compounds. 50,891 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 13440RVRCPSENEC (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 6.6
Sherrill Manufacturing Inc, Sherrill
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Chromium, Nickel compounds. Reports carcinogens. 336 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 13461SHRRL12ESE (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 6.4
Revere Copper Products Inc, Rome
Large greenhouse gas emitter. Penalties $26,600.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000325862 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 6.3
O W Hubbell & Sons Inc, New York Mills
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Zinc compounds, Lead compounds, Lead And Lead Compounds. 9,127 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 13417DWHBB100MA (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 6
Special Metals Corp, New Hartford
Large hazardous waste generator.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000325808 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 6
O W Hubbell & Sons, Ny Mills
Large hazardous waste generator.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000325817 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 6
Germanium Corp Of America, Utica
Large hazardous waste generator.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000325960 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 6

Correctional facilities

Prisons, jails and corrections operations with an EPA facility record, and the drinking water and wastewater compliance attached to them.

Oneida Correctional Facility, Rome
EPA FRS registry ID
110012697616
Water system
NY3233160
Health-based violations
6 all time, 0 in 5 years
All violations
18
Contaminants cited
Total Haloacetic Acids (HAA5)
Wastewater permit
None on record
EPA detailed facility report
Mid-State Correctional Facility, Marcy
EPA FRS registry ID
110002450918
Wastewater permit
Yes, 1 quarters in noncompliance
EPA detailed facility report
Oneida Correctional Facility, Rome
EPA FRS registry ID
110008026858
Wastewater permit
None on record
EPA detailed facility report
Mid-State Correctional Facility, Marcy
EPA FRS registry ID
110019382693
Wastewater permit
None on record
EPA detailed facility report
Marcy Correctional Facility, Marcy
EPA FRS registry ID
110032990707
Wastewater permit
None on record
EPA detailed facility report
Midstate Correctional Facility, Marcy
EPA FRS registry ID
110072109409
Wastewater permit
Yes
EPA detailed facility report

Discovery / public records

Records to request for Oneida County

New York state cancer registry
Cancer incidence counts by census tract or ZIP code, by cancer type and year (de-identified). Any cancer cluster inquiries or investigations in Oneida County, and their findings.
New York vital statistics office
Death certificate counts by cause of death and residence tract or ZIP code, and the years behind the mortality measures above.
New York health department, environmental epidemiology
Health consultations or assessments by ATSDR or the state health department covering the county, and any exposure investigations.
New York environmental agency and the U.S. EPA regional office
Compliance history, inspection reports, notices of violation, penalties and enforcement actions for each facility above, cited by EPA FRS registry ID.
New York drinking water program
Violation notices, sampling results and sanitary surveys for the public water systems serving the county, including any system serving a correctional facility.
Department of corrections or county sheriff
Water testing, grievances and environmental health inspections for the correctional facilities listed above.

Each Envyrofax address report includes a printable records request worksheet with the custodian and the exact request wording per finding.

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