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New York County, New York: environmental and disease records
Cancer mortality in New York County is 96.3 deaths per 100,000 people per year against a U.S. rate of 143.2. Federal databases place 2,717 regulated facilities, sites and hazards inside the county, led by Air permit holder (minor source) (1,503), Small hazardous waste generator (638), Large hazardous waste generator (370). One correctional facility operates in the county. EPA AirToxScreen estimates a lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics of 40 in a million, driven mainly by formaldehyde.
Rates are age-adjusted per 100,000 people. A cancer signal is marked significant when the lower bound of its 95 percent confidence interval is above the U.S. rate. Facility counts use active federal records located inside the county boundary. Approximate county center: 40.7918, -73.9498.
How this county ranks in New York
Cancer deaths and new cases versus the United States
Source: NCI and CDC State Cancer Profiles, both sexes, all ages. Sorted by the ratio of the county rate to the U.S. rate.
| Cancer | Measure | County rate | U.S. rate | Times U.S. | 95% interval | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thyroid | New cases | 17.4 | 13 | 1.34xSignificant | 16.6 to 18.3 | 2019-2023 |
| Stomach | New cases | 7.8 | 6.6 | 1.18xSignificant | 7.3 to 8.4 | 2019-2023 |
| Childhood cancer (under 15) | New cases | 18.9 | 16.4 | 1.15x | 16.3 to 21.9 | 2019-2023 |
| Non-Hodgkin lymphoma | New cases | 20.8 | 18.5 | 1.12xSignificant | 19.9 to 21.7 | 2019-2023 |
| Childhood cancer (under 15) | Deaths | 2.1 | 1.9 | 1.11x | 1.3 to 3.3 | 2020-2024 |
| Leukemia | New cases | 14.2 | 14.5 | 0.98x | 13.5 to 15 | 2019-2023 |
| Brain & nervous system | New cases | 5.9 | 6.2 | 0.95x | 5.4 to 6.5 | 2019-2023 |
| All cancer | New cases | 429.6 | 453.4 | 0.95x | 425.6 to 433.8 | 2019-2023 |
| Pancreas | New cases | 12.9 | 13.9 | 0.93x | 12.2 to 13.6 | 2019-2023 |
| Stomach | Deaths | 2.5 | 2.7 | 0.93x | 2.2 to 2.9 | 2020-2024 |
| Liver & bile duct | New cases | 8 | 8.7 | 0.92x | 7.5 to 8.6 | 2019-2023 |
| Bladder | New cases | 15.3 | 18.7 | 0.82x | 14.6 to 16.1 | 2019-2023 |
| Pancreas | Deaths | 9 | 11.3 | 0.8x | 8.4 to 9.5 | 2020-2024 |
| Lung & bronchus | New cases | 40.6 | 51.8 | 0.78x | 39.4 to 41.8 | 2019-2023 |
| Non-Hodgkin lymphoma | Deaths | 3.7 | 4.8 | 0.77x | 3.4 to 4.1 | 2020-2024 |
| Brain & nervous system | Deaths | 3.1 | 4.4 | 0.7x | 2.8 to 3.5 | 2020-2024 |
| Kidney & renal pelvis | New cases | 12.3 | 17.9 | 0.69x | 11.6 to 13 | 2019-2023 |
| Leukemia | Deaths | 3.9 | 5.7 | 0.68x | 3.5 to 4.3 | 2020-2024 |
| Liver & bile duct | Deaths | 4.5 | 6.6 | 0.68x | 4.1 to 4.9 | 2020-2024 |
| Melanoma of the skin | New cases | 16.2 | 23.8 | 0.68x | 15.4 to 17 | 2019-2023 |
| Esophagus | New cases | 3.1 | 4.6 | 0.67x | 2.7 to 3.4 | 2019-2023 |
| All cancer | Deaths | 96.3 | 143.2 | 0.67x | 94.5 to 98.2 | 2020-2024 |
| Thyroid | Deaths | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.6x | 0.2 to 0.4 | 2020-2024 |
| Esophagus | Deaths | 2 | 3.7 | 0.54x | 1.7 to 2.2 | 2020-2024 |
| Lung & bronchus | Deaths | 15.9 | 30.2 | 0.53x | 15.1 to 16.6 | 2020-2024 |
| Bladder | Deaths | 2.1 | 4.1 | 0.51x | 1.9 to 2.4 | 2020-2024 |
| Melanoma of the skin | Deaths | 1 | 2 | 0.5x | 0.8 to 1.2 | 2020-2024 |
| Kidney & renal pelvis | Deaths | 1.6 | 3.4 | 0.47x | 1.3 to 1.8 | 2020-2024 |
Mortality measures versus the U.S. county median
Source: County Health Rankings, built from CDC National Vital Statistics System death records. The comparison value is the median of all U.S. counties.
| Measure | County | U.S. median | Difference | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Premature death | 4,960.2 | 9,842.6 | -50% | years of life lost before age 75 per 100,000 |
| Life expectancy | 83 | 75.3 | +10% | years |
| Child mortality | 31.8 | 59.8 | -47% | deaths under age 18 per 100,000 |
| Infant mortality | 2.9 | 6.2 | -54% | deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births |
| Injury deaths | 52.1 | 96.9 | -46% | deaths per 100,000 |
| Drug overdose deaths | 29.3 | 28.6 | +2% | deaths per 100,000 |
Air toxics and air quality
EPA AirToxScreen 2020
Lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics: 40 in a million. EPA treats 100 in a million as the upper end of acceptable risk and 1 in a million as the goal.
- Formaldehyde20.29 per million
- Benzene3.07 per million
- Carbon Tetrachloride3.01 per million
- Naphthalene2.18 per million
EPA Air Quality Index 2025
Monitored on 365 days: 183 good, 6 unhealthy for sensitive groups or worse. Median AQI 50, peak 136.
Regulated facilities, sites and hazards by type
2,717 active records inside the county from EPA ECHO, TRI, Superfund, Brownfields, NPDES, EIA, FAA, FRA and corrections data.
- Air permit holder (minor source)1,503
- Small hazardous waste generator638
- Large hazardous waste generator370
- NPDES wastewater discharge permit130
- Brownfield property15
- Major air pollution source12
- Oil-fired power plant12
- Large greenhouse gas emitter8
- Hazardous waste transporter7
- Gas power plant6
- EPA air quality monitor5
- Heliport3
- Rail grade crossing2
- Toxic chemical release facility (TRI)2
- Airfield1
- Correctional facility (prison or jail)1
- Industrial wastewater discharge1
- TRI reporting facility1
Highest-severity records
The 25 records with the highest Envyrofax severity in the county, with the agency identifier to cite in a records request.
- Severity 8.6
Consolidated Edison Co Of New York - East River Facility, Manhattan
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Ammonia, Polycyclic aromatic compounds, Benzo[g,h,i]perylene. Reports carcinogens. 191,200 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 10009CNSLD801E1 (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
- Severity 6.8
DIVISION STREET, New York
EPA air quality monitor.
Record ID 360610134 (U.S. EPA AirData)
- Severity 6.1
East River, New York
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000322623 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
- Severity 6
Nyc-Ta 207th Street Overhaul Shop, New York
Large hazardous waste generator.
EPA FRS registry ID 110011751461 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
- Severity 6
Waldorf Astoria Hotel, New York
Large hazardous waste generator.
EPA FRS registry ID 110016717481 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
- Severity 5.8
Wards Island Water Pollution Control Plant, Manhattan
NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $1,483,750.
EPA FRS registry ID 110042069123 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
- Severity 5.5
Port Authority Of Ny&Nj - World Trade Center, New York
NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $42,500.
EPA FRS registry ID 110009829739 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
- Severity 5.5
North River Water Pollution Control Plant, New York
Major air pollution source. Penalties $1,386,224.
EPA FRS registry ID 110041182993 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
- Severity 5.5
Nycdot Bin 227072, New York
Large hazardous waste generator.
EPA FRS registry ID 110041684932 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
- Severity 5.5
Con Edison - 59th Street Generating Stat, New York
NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $1,300.
EPA FRS registry ID 110064649901 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
- Severity 5.5
Nyc Office Of Chief Medical Examiner Ocme, New York
Large hazardous waste generator. Penalties $1,250.
EPA FRS registry ID 110072069546 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
- Severity 5.3
Nyu Central Plant, New York
Major air pollution source. Penalties $15,000.
EPA FRS registry ID 110001603453 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
- Severity 5.2
PS 19, New York
EPA air quality monitor.
Record ID 360610128 (U.S. EPA AirData)
- Severity 5
New York Presbyterian University Hospital Of Columbia, New York
Major air pollution source.
EPA FRS registry ID 110010435626 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
- Severity 5
Con Ed-74th Street Sta, Manhattan
Major air pollution source.
EPA FRS registry ID 110019296527 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
- Severity 5
North River Water Pollution Control Plant, New York
NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $1,386,224.
EPA FRS registry ID 110041182993 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
- Severity 5
Con Edison - 59th Street Generating Stat, New York
Large greenhouse gas emitter. Penalties $1,300.
EPA FRS registry ID 110064649901 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
- Severity 4.9
CCNY, New York
EPA air quality monitor.
Record ID 360610135 (U.S. EPA AirData)
- Severity 4.5
New York Presbyterian University Hospital Of Columbia, New York
Large hazardous waste generator.
EPA FRS registry ID 110010435626 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
- Severity 4.5
34th St Heliport, New York
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110010605899 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
- Severity 4.5
Rockefeller University, New York
Major air pollution source.
EPA FRS registry ID 110019024429 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
- Severity 4.5
Con Ed-74th Street Sta, Manhattan
Large hazardous waste generator.
EPA FRS registry ID 110019296527 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
- Severity 4.5
Con Ed-74th Street Sta, Manhattan
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110019296527 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
- Severity 4.5
Ny State Psychiatric Institute Nyspi, Manhattan
Small hazardous waste generator.
EPA FRS registry ID 110019827874 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
- Severity 4.5
East River Generating Station, Manhattan (Subdivision)
NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $5,000.
EPA FRS registry ID 110063222427 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Correctional facilities
Prisons, jails and corrections operations with an EPA facility record, and the drinking water and wastewater compliance attached to them.
Bayview Correctional Facility, New York
- EPA FRS registry ID
- 110019676224
- Wastewater permit
- None on record
Discovery / public records
Records to request for New York County
New York state cancer registry
Cancer incidence counts by census tract or ZIP code, by cancer type and year (de-identified). Any cancer cluster inquiries or investigations in New York County, and their findings.
New York vital statistics office
Death certificate counts by cause of death and residence tract or ZIP code, and the years behind the mortality measures above.
New York health department, environmental epidemiology
Health consultations or assessments by ATSDR or the state health department covering the county, and any exposure investigations.
New York environmental agency and the U.S. EPA regional office
Compliance history, inspection reports, notices of violation, penalties and enforcement actions for each facility above, cited by EPA FRS registry ID.
New York drinking water program
Violation notices, sampling results and sanitary surveys for the public water systems serving the county, including any system serving a correctional facility.
Department of corrections or county sheriff
Water testing, grievances and environmental health inspections for the correctional facilities listed above.
Each Envyrofax address report includes a printable records request worksheet with the custodian and the exact request wording per finding.