NY / county FIPS 36059 / county research

Nassau County, New York: environmental and disease records

Cancer mortality in Nassau County is 115.7 deaths per 100,000 people per year against a U.S. rate of 143.2. Federal databases place 2,644 regulated facilities, sites and hazards inside the county, led by Air permit holder (minor source) (771), Small hazardous waste generator (434), Gas station (mapped facility) (359). EPA AirToxScreen estimates a lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics of 30 in a million, driven mainly by formaldehyde.

Rates are age-adjusted per 100,000 people. A cancer signal is marked significant when the lower bound of its 95 percent confidence interval is above the U.S. rate. Facility counts use active federal records located inside the county boundary. Approximate county center: 40.7479, -73.5695.

How this county ranks in New York

View on the heat map Scan an address in this county

Cancer deaths and new cases versus the United States

Source: NCI and CDC State Cancer Profiles, both sexes, all ages. Sorted by the ratio of the county rate to the U.S. rate.

Cancer rates for Nassau County compared with the United States
Cancer	Measure	County rate	U.S. rate	Times U.S.	95% interval	Years
Thyroid	New cases	24.2	13	1.86xSignificant	23 to 25.3	2019-2023
Stomach	New cases	8.8	6.6	1.33xSignificant	8.2 to 9.5	2019-2023
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	New cases	23.9	18.5	1.29xSignificant	22.9 to 25	2019-2023
Bladder	New cases	22.6	18.7	1.21xSignificant	21.6 to 23.6	2019-2023
Pancreas	New cases	15.9	13.9	1.14xSignificant	15.1 to 16.8	2019-2023
Childhood cancer (under 15)	New cases	18.7	16.4	1.14x	16.3 to 21.3	2019-2023
All cancer	New cases	507.2	453.4	1.12xSignificant	502.4 to 511.9	2019-2023
Leukemia	New cases	15.9	14.5	1.1xSignificant	15 to 16.7	2019-2023
Brain & nervous system	New cases	6.5	6.2	1.05x	5.9 to 7.1	2019-2023
Stomach	Deaths	2.8	2.7	1.04x	2.4 to 3.1	2020-2024
Kidney & renal pelvis	New cases	18	17.9	1.01x	17.1 to 18.9	2019-2023
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	Deaths	4.8	4.8	1x	4.3 to 5.2	2020-2024
Thyroid	Deaths	0.5	0.5	1x	0.4 to 0.7	2020-2024
Leukemia	Deaths	5.5	5.7	0.96x	5 to 6	2020-2024
Pancreas	Deaths	10.9	11.3	0.96x	10.3 to 11.6	2020-2024
Melanoma of the skin	New cases	22.3	23.8	0.94x	21.3 to 23.3	2019-2023
Lung & bronchus	New cases	48.2	51.8	0.93x	46.8 to 49.7	2019-2023
Bladder	Deaths	3.6	4.1	0.88x	3.2 to 4	2020-2024
Brain & nervous system	Deaths	3.8	4.4	0.86x	3.4 to 4.3	2020-2024
Esophagus	New cases	3.9	4.6	0.85x	3.5 to 4.3	2019-2023
All cancer	Deaths	115.7	143.2	0.81x	113.5 to 117.9	2020-2024
Liver & bile duct	New cases	6.9	8.7	0.79x	6.4 to 7.5	2019-2023
Melanoma of the skin	Deaths	1.5	2	0.75x	1.3 to 1.8	2020-2024
Liver & bile duct	Deaths	4.6	6.6	0.7x	4.2 to 5.1	2020-2024
Kidney & renal pelvis	Deaths	2.3	3.4	0.68x	2 to 2.6	2020-2024
Esophagus	Deaths	2.5	3.7	0.68x	2.2 to 2.9	2020-2024
Lung & bronchus	Deaths	19.3	30.2	0.64x	18.4 to 20.2	2020-2024

Mortality measures versus the U.S. county median

Source: County Health Rankings, built from CDC National Vital Statistics System death records. The comparison value is the median of all U.S. counties.

Mortality measures for Nassau County
Measure	County	U.S. median	Difference	Unit
Premature death	4,799.8	9,842.6	-51%	years of life lost before age 75 per 100,000
Life expectancy	81.3	75.3	+8%	years
Child mortality	25.5	59.8	-57%	deaths under age 18 per 100,000
Infant mortality	2.9	6.2	-53%	deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births
Injury deaths	46.3	96.9	-52%	deaths per 100,000
Drug overdose deaths	19.2	28.6	-33%	deaths per 100,000

Air toxics and air quality

EPA AirToxScreen 2020

Lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics: 30 in a million. EPA treats 100 in a million as the upper end of acceptable risk and 1 in a million as the goal.

Formaldehyde16.11 per million
Carbon Tetrachloride3.01 per million
Benzene2 per million
Acetaldehyde1.54 per million

EPA Air Quality Index 2025

Monitored on 364 days: 287 good, 0 unhealthy for sensitive groups or worse. Median AQI 29, peak 92.

Regulated facilities, sites and hazards by type

2,644 active records inside the county from EPA ECHO, TRI, Superfund, Brownfields, NPDES, EIA, FAA, FRA and corrections data.

Air permit holder (minor source)771
Small hazardous waste generator434
Gas station (mapped facility)359
NPDES wastewater discharge permit343
Auto repair or body shop (mapped facility)217
Large hazardous waste generator199
Rail grade crossing78
Dry cleaner (mapped facility)70
Brownfield property41
Wastewater plant (mapped facility)20
Hazardous waste transporter19
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI)16
Major air pollution source15
Superfund (NPL) site14
Heliport12
TRI reporting facility11
Gas power plant8
Large greenhouse gas emitter6
Oil-fired power plant5
Landfill (mapped facility)3
EPA air quality monitor1
Biomass power plant1
Solar power plant1

Highest-severity records

The 25 records with the highest Envyrofax severity in the county, with the agency identifier to cite in a records request.

Fulton Avenue, North Hempstead
Superfund (NPL) site. Hazard Ranking System score 33.1. NPL Site.
EPA site ID NY0000110247 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record
Severity 10
New Cassel/Hicksville Ground Water Contamination, New Cassel/Hicksville
Superfund (NPL) site. Hazard Ranking System score 50. NPL Site.
EPA site ID NY0001095363 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record
Severity 10
Liberty Industrial Finishing, Farmingdale
Superfund (NPL) site. Hazard Ranking System score 50.7. NPL Site.
EPA site ID NYD000337295 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record
Severity 10
Mattiace Petrochemical Co., Inc., Glen Cove
Superfund (NPL) site. Hazard Ranking System score 31.9. NPL Site.
EPA site ID NYD000512459 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record
Severity 10
Claremont Polychemical, Old Bethpage
Superfund (NPL) site. Hazard Ranking System score 31.6. NPL Site.
EPA site ID NYD002044584 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record
Severity 10
Genzale Plating Co., Franklin Square
Superfund (NPL) site. Hazard Ranking System score 33.8. NPL Site.
EPA site ID NYD002050110 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record
Severity 10
Hooker Chemical & Plastics Corp./Ruco Polymer Corp., Hicksville
Superfund (NPL) site. Hazard Ranking System score 41.6. NPL Site.
EPA site ID NYD002920312 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record
Severity 10
Stanton Cleaners Area Ground Water Contamination, Great Neck
Superfund (NPL) site. Hazard Ranking System score 35.8. NPL Site.
EPA site ID NYD047650197 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record
Severity 10
Old Bethpage Landfill, Oyster Bay
Superfund (NPL) site. Hazard Ranking System score 58.8. NPL Site.
EPA site ID NYD980531727 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record
Severity 10
Applied Environmental Services, Glenwood Landing
Superfund (NPL) site. Hazard Ranking System score 41.2. NPL Site.
EPA site ID NYD980535652 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record
Severity 10
Port Washington Landfill, Port Washington
Superfund (NPL) site. Hazard Ranking System score 45.5. NPL Site.
EPA site ID NYD980654206 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record
Severity 10
Li Tungsten Corp., Glen Cove
Superfund (NPL) site. Hazard Ranking System score 50. NPL Site.
EPA site ID NYD986882660 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record
Severity 10
Peninsula Boulevard Ground Water Plume, Hewlett
Superfund (NPL) site. Hazard Ranking System score 50. NPL Site.
EPA site ID NYN000204407 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record
Severity 10
Old Roosevelt Field Contaminated Ground Water Area, Garden City
Superfund (NPL) site. Hazard Ranking System score 50. NPL Site.
EPA site ID NYSFN0204234 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record
Severity 10
National Grid E.F. Barrett Power Station, Island Park
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Ammonia, Polycyclic aromatic compounds, Benzo[g,h,i]perylene. Reports carcinogens. 255,671 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 11558FBRRTMCCAR (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 8.7
Ef Barrett Power Station, Island Park
TRI reporting facility. Penalties $1,390.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000582389 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 8.1
Global Cos Llc Inwood Terminal, Inwood
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Toluene, Xylene (mixed isomers), Benzene, n-Hexane and 4 more. Reports carcinogens. 14,798 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 11696MBLLN464DO (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 7.7
Shell Long Island Terminal, Lawrence
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Xylene (mixed isomers), Toluene, n-Hexane, Benzene and 4 more. Reports carcinogens. 9,533 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 11559MTVNT74EAV (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 7.6
Bay Park Sewage Treatment Plant, East Rockaway
Major air pollution source. Penalties $1,500.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000719991 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 7.5
Sprague Lawrence Terminal, Lawrence
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Xylene (mixed isomers), 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene, Toluene, n-Hexane and 4 more. Reports carcinogens. 6,468 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 1155WCRBND1BAYB (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 7.4
Global Cos Llc Glenwood Landing Terminal, Glenwood Landing
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Toluene, Benzene, n-Hexane, Xylene (mixed isomers) and 4 more. Reports carcinogens. 4,787 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 11547MBLLGSHORE (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 7.3
Oerlikon Metco (Us) Inc, Westbury
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Aluminum (fume or dust), Nickel, Chromium, Copper and 1 more. Reports carcinogens. 1,923 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 11590PRKNL1101P (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 7
Bay Park Sewage Treatment Plant, East Rockaway
NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $1,500.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000719991 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 7
Commander Terminals Llc, Oyster Bay
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene, Polycyclic aromatic compounds, Benzo[g,h,i]perylene. Reports carcinogens. 474 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 11771CMMNDONECO (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 6.6
Hitemco Div Barson Composites, Old Bethpage
Large hazardous waste generator. Penalties $89,198.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000810659 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 6

Correctional facilities

Prisons, jails and corrections operations with an EPA facility record, and the drinking water and wastewater compliance attached to them.

No correctional facility with an EPA record is located in this county.

Discovery / public records

Records to request for Nassau County

New York state cancer registry
Cancer incidence counts by census tract or ZIP code, by cancer type and year (de-identified). Any cancer cluster inquiries or investigations in Nassau County, and their findings.
New York vital statistics office
Death certificate counts by cause of death and residence tract or ZIP code, and the years behind the mortality measures above.
New York health department, environmental epidemiology
Health consultations or assessments by ATSDR or the state health department covering the county, and any exposure investigations.
New York environmental agency and the U.S. EPA regional office
Compliance history, inspection reports, notices of violation, penalties and enforcement actions for each facility above, cited by EPA FRS registry ID.
New York drinking water program
Violation notices, sampling results and sanitary surveys for the public water systems serving the county, including any system serving a correctional facility.
Department of corrections or county sheriff
Water testing, grievances and environmental health inspections for the correctional facilities listed above.

Each Envyrofax address report includes a printable records request worksheet with the custodian and the exact request wording per finding.

Scan an address in Nassau County View on the heat map All New York counties