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Nye County, Nevada: environmental and disease records

Cancer mortality in Nye County is 153.7 deaths per 100,000 people per year against a U.S. rate of 143.2. The strongest disease signals are Lung & bronchus deaths at 1.2 times the U.S. rate. Federal databases place 245 regulated facilities, sites and hazards inside the county, led by Brownfield property (66), NPDES wastewater discharge permit (49), Gas station (mapped facility) (38). EPA AirToxScreen estimates a lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics of 10 in a million, driven mainly by formaldehyde.

Rates are age-adjusted per 100,000 people. A cancer signal is marked significant when the lower bound of its 95 percent confidence interval is above the U.S. rate. Facility counts use active federal records located inside the county boundary. Approximate county center: 37.6056, -116.5307.

How this county ranks in Nevada

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Cancer deaths and new cases versus the United States

Source: NCI and CDC State Cancer Profiles, both sexes, all ages. Sorted by the ratio of the county rate to the U.S. rate.

Cancer rates for Nye County compared with the United States
CancerMeasureCounty rateU.S. rateTimes U.S.95% intervalYears
EsophagusDeaths5.53.71.49x3.6 to 8.42020-2024
BladderDeaths5.64.11.37x3.5 to 8.82020-2024
Kidney & renal pelvisDeaths4.53.41.32x2.7 to 7.22020-2024
EsophagusNew cases5.94.61.28x4 to 92019-2023
BladderNew cases2318.71.23xSignificant18.8 to 28.12019-2023
Lung & bronchusDeaths35.730.21.18xSignificant30.8 to 41.52020-2024
Lung & bronchusNew cases59.151.81.14xSignificant52.5 to 66.42019-2023
All cancerDeaths153.7143.21.07x142.5 to 165.82020-2024
Non-Hodgkin lymphomaDeaths4.84.81x3 to 7.72020-2024
ThyroidNew cases12.1130.93x8.1 to 17.52019-2023
Liver & bile ductDeaths6.16.60.92x4.1 to 92020-2024
Kidney & renal pelvisNew cases16.317.90.91x12.2 to 21.52019-2023
All cancerNew cases408.4453.40.9x388.3 to 429.42019-2023
LeukemiaDeaths4.85.70.84x3.1 to 7.62020-2024
Brain & nervous systemNew cases5.26.20.84x2.8 to 92019-2023
Melanoma of the skinNew cases19.823.80.83x15.9 to 24.62019-2023
LeukemiaNew cases1214.50.83x8.6 to 16.52019-2023
PancreasDeaths9.211.30.81x6.6 to 12.62020-2024
Liver & bile ductNew cases78.70.8x4.8 to 10.22019-2023
PancreasNew cases10.613.90.76x7.9 to 14.32019-2023
Brain & nervous systemDeaths3.14.40.7x1.7 to 5.72020-2024
Non-Hodgkin lymphomaNew cases12.818.50.69x9.5 to 17.22019-2023
StomachNew cases3.96.60.59x2.4 to 6.62019-2023

Mortality measures versus the U.S. county median

Source: County Health Rankings, built from CDC National Vital Statistics System death records. The comparison value is the median of all U.S. counties.

Mortality measures for Nye County
MeasureCountyU.S. medianDifferenceUnit
Premature death11,604.89,842.6+18%years of life lost before age 75 per 100,000
Life expectancy73.375.3-3%years
Child mortality70.659.8+18%deaths under age 18 per 100,000
Infant mortality7.66.2+22%deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births
Injury deaths143.196.9+48%deaths per 100,000
Drug overdose deaths44.828.6+57%deaths per 100,000

Air toxics and air quality

EPA AirToxScreen 2020

Lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics: 10 in a million. EPA treats 100 in a million as the upper end of acceptable risk and 1 in a million as the goal.

  • Formaldehyde10.45 per million
  • Carbon Tetrachloride2.64 per million
  • Acetaldehyde0.53 per million
  • Pahpom0.36 per million

EPA Air Quality Index 2025

Monitored on 365 days: 338 good, 2 unhealthy for sensitive groups or worse. Median AQI 26, peak 153.

Regulated facilities, sites and hazards by type

245 active records inside the county from EPA ECHO, TRI, Superfund, Brownfields, NPDES, EIA, FAA, FRA and corrections data.

  • Brownfield property66
  • NPDES wastewater discharge permit49
  • Gas station (mapped facility)38
  • Landfill (mapped facility)12
  • Public airport10
  • Small hazardous waste generator8
  • Hazardous waste transporter8
  • Heliport6
  • Scrapyard (mapped facility)6
  • Auto repair or body shop (mapped facility)5
  • Large hazardous waste generator5
  • TRI reporting facility5
  • Toxic chemical release facility (TRI)5
  • Major air pollution source4
  • EPA air quality monitor4
  • Air permit holder (minor source)4
  • Commercial airport4
  • Solar power plant3
  • Wastewater plant (mapped facility)2
  • Airfield1

Highest-severity records

The 25 records with the highest Envyrofax severity in the county, with the agency identifier to cite in a records request.

  1. U.S. Ecology, Inc. - Nevada (Beatty, Nv), Beatty

    TRI reporting facility. Penalties $278,267.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000600920 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 10

  2. Us Ecology Nevada Inc., Beatty

    Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Lead, Nitric acid, Ethylene glycol, Lead And Lead Compounds and 4 more. Reports carcinogens. Reports PFAS. 41,120,543 lbs released over 5 years.

    TRI facility ID 89003SCLGYHWY95 (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

    Severity 10

  3. Smoky Valley Common Operation, Round Mountain

    Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Arsenic compounds, Manganese And Manganese Compounds, Lead compounds, Zinc compounds and 4 more. Reports carcinogens. 54,371,037 lbs released over 5 years.

    TRI facility ID 89045SMKYV1SMOK (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

    Severity 10

  4. Us Doe Nnsa/Nfo Nevada National Security Site, Mercury

    Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Copper, Lead, Asbestos (friable), Beryllium and 4 more. Reports carcinogens. 1,049,065 lbs released over 5 years.

    TRI facility ID 89023SDNVDUSHWY (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

    Severity 9.1

  5. Smoky Valley Common Operation, Round Mountain

    TRI reporting facility.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110009460733 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 7.3

  6. U.S. Ecology, Inc. - Nevada (Beatty, Nv), Beatty

    Large hazardous waste generator. Penalties $278,267.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000600920 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 7

  7. U.S. Ecology, Inc. - Nevada (Beatty, Nv), Beatty

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $278,267.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000600920 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 7

  8. Nevada Test Site, Mercury

    TRI reporting facility.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110001136716 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 6.5

  9. Tonopah Test Range Operations Office, Tonopah

    Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Lead And Lead Compounds. 1,867 lbs released over 5 years.

    TRI facility ID 89049TNPHTTNPAH (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

    Severity 5.5

  10. Tonopah Test Range, Tonopah

    TRI reporting facility.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110013794180 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 4.8

  11. Service Rock Products - Pahrump Plant, Pahrump

    TRI reporting facility.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110022524302 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 4.1

  12. Beatty Water & Sanitation Dist, Beatty

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110028276577 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 4

  13. Smoky Valley Common Operation, Round Mountain

    Major air pollution source.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110009460733 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 3.8

  14. Jcb Larsen, Pahrump

    Small hazardous waste generator.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110070680451 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 3.8

  15. Service Rock Products-Pahrump Plant, Pahrump

    Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Lead compounds, Lead And Lead Compounds. 5 lbs released over 5 years.

    TRI facility ID 89041SRVCR291CH (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

    Severity 3.6

  16. Ponderosa Dairies 1, 2, And 3, Amargosa Valley

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110017889043 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 3.5

  17. Us Air Force-Nellis, Tonopah

    Major air pollution source.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110067211476 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 3.5

  18. Denton Rawhide Mine, Hawthorne

    Major air pollution source.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110070262436 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 3.5

  19. Three Hills Mine Project, Tonopah

    Major air pollution source.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110070262648 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 3.5

  20. Smoky Valley Common Operation, Round Mountain

    Large hazardous waste generator.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110009460733 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 3.3

  21. Jcb Larsen, Pahrump

    Hazardous waste transporter.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110070680451 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 3.3

  22. Tonopah Airport, Tonopah

    Brownfield property.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110015334547 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record

    Severity 3

  23. Nye County Regional Medical Center, Tonopah

    Brownfield property.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110021279114 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record

    Severity 3

  24. Silver Strike Motel (Aka The Pink Motel), Tonopah

    Brownfield property.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110038747862 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record

    Severity 3

  25. Former Gabbs Recreation Center, Gabbs

    Brownfield property.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110038759769 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record

    Severity 3

Correctional facilities

Prisons, jails and corrections operations with an EPA facility record, and the drinking water and wastewater compliance attached to them.

No correctional facility with an EPA record is located in this county.

Discovery / public records

Records to request for Nye County

  • Nevada state cancer registry

    Cancer incidence counts by census tract or ZIP code, by cancer type and year (de-identified). Any cancer cluster inquiries or investigations in Nye County, and their findings.

  • Nevada vital statistics office

    Death certificate counts by cause of death and residence tract or ZIP code, and the years behind the mortality measures above.

  • Nevada health department, environmental epidemiology

    Health consultations or assessments by ATSDR or the state health department covering the county, and any exposure investigations.

  • Nevada environmental agency and the U.S. EPA regional office

    Compliance history, inspection reports, notices of violation, penalties and enforcement actions for each facility above, cited by EPA FRS registry ID.

  • Nevada drinking water program

    Violation notices, sampling results and sanitary surveys for the public water systems serving the county, including any system serving a correctional facility.

  • Department of corrections or county sheriff

    Water testing, grievances and environmental health inspections for the correctional facilities listed above.

Each Envyrofax address report includes a printable records request worksheet with the custodian and the exact request wording per finding.

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