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Holt County, Nebraska: environmental and disease records

Cancer mortality in Holt County is 153.5 deaths per 100,000 people per year against a U.S. rate of 143.2. Federal databases place 137 regulated facilities, sites and hazards inside the county, led by Air permit holder (minor source) (55), Rail grade crossing (44), NPDES wastewater discharge permit (16). EPA AirToxScreen estimates a lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics of 20 in a million, driven mainly by formaldehyde.

Rates are age-adjusted per 100,000 people. A cancer signal is marked significant when the lower bound of its 95 percent confidence interval is above the U.S. rate. Facility counts use active federal records located inside the county boundary. Approximate county center: 42.4855, -98.7752.

How this county ranks in Nebraska

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Cancer deaths and new cases versus the United States

Source: NCI and CDC State Cancer Profiles, both sexes, all ages. Sorted by the ratio of the county rate to the U.S. rate.

Cancer rates for Holt County compared with the United States
Cancer	Measure	County rate	U.S. rate	Times U.S.	95% interval	Years
Kidney & renal pelvis	New cases	27.6	17.9	1.54x	15.5 to 45.7	2019-2023
Lung & bronchus	Deaths	38	30.2	1.26x	26 to 54.9	2020-2024
All cancer	Deaths	153.5	143.2	1.07x	126.5 to 185.5	2020-2024
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	New cases	19.1	18.5	1.03x	10.4 to 33.3	2019-2023
Lung & bronchus	New cases	52	51.8	1x	37.6 to 71.2	2019-2023
All cancer	New cases	417.8	453.4	0.92x	368.4 to 472.6	2019-2023

Mortality measures versus the U.S. county median

Source: County Health Rankings, built from CDC National Vital Statistics System death records. The comparison value is the median of all U.S. counties.

Mortality measures for Holt County
Measure	County	U.S. median	Difference	Unit
Premature death	6,597.8	9,842.6	-33%	years of life lost before age 75 per 100,000
Life expectancy	78.9	75.3	+5%	years
Child mortality	n/a	59.8	n/a	deaths under age 18 per 100,000
Infant mortality	n/a	6.2	n/a	deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births
Injury deaths	77.5	96.9	-20%	deaths per 100,000
Drug overdose deaths	n/a	28.6	n/a	deaths per 100,000

Air toxics and air quality

EPA AirToxScreen 2020

Lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics: 20 in a million. EPA treats 100 in a million as the upper end of acceptable risk and 1 in a million as the goal.

Formaldehyde12.32 per million
Carbon Tetrachloride2.83 per million
Acetaldehyde0.89 per million
Benzene0.49 per million

EPA Air Quality Index

No EPA air quality monitor reports daily AQI for this county.

Regulated facilities, sites and hazards by type

137 active records inside the county from EPA ECHO, TRI, Superfund, Brownfields, NPDES, EIA, FAA, FRA and corrections data.

Air permit holder (minor source)55
Rail grade crossing44
NPDES wastewater discharge permit16
Gas station (mapped facility)7
Public airport3
Small hazardous waste generator3
TRI reporting facility2
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI)2
Commercial airport1
Large greenhouse gas emitter1
Large hazardous waste generator1
Oil-fired power plant1
Wind power plant1

Highest-severity records

The 25 records with the highest Envyrofax severity in the county, with the agency identifier to cite in a records request.

Green Plains Atkinson Llc, Atkinson
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Ammonia, n-Hexane, Acetaldehyde, Acrolein and 4 more. Reports carcinogens. 46,500 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 6871WNDKTH8759H (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 8.1
Azz Galvanizing - Nebraska, Atkinson
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Zinc compounds, Lead. Reports carcinogens. 7,859 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 68713LPHGLEASTH (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 7.5
Green Plains Atkinson, Atkinson
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110056255396 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 6.5
Azz Galvanizing - Nebraska Llc, Atkinson
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000746836 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 5.5
Stuart (Ne), Stuart
Oil-fired power plant.
Record ID 2305 (U.S. Energy Information Administration)
Severity 4
Stuart Municipal Power Plant, Stuart
Air permit holder (minor source).
EPA FRS registry ID 110001514656 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
O'Neill Ventures Inc., O'Neill
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110015307531 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.8
Stuart Wastewater Treatment Facility, Stuart
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110006707073 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.3
O'Neill Ventures Inc., O'Neill
Air permit holder (minor source).
EPA FRS registry ID 110015307531 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.3
Green Plains Atkinson, Atkinson
Large greenhouse gas emitter.
EPA FRS registry ID 110056255396 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.3
Azz Galvanizing - Nebraska Llc, Atkinson
Large hazardous waste generator.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000746836 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3
O'Neill Wastewater Treatment, Oneill
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110006579684 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2.5
Chambers Wastewater Treatment, Chambers
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110009840627 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2.5
Atkinson Wastewater Treatment, Atkinson
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110011036217 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2.3
Green Plains Atkinson, Atkinson
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110056255396 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2.3
Stuart-Atkinson Muni, Atkinson
Public airport. O.
Record ID 8V2 (FAA / U.S. DOT)
Severity 2
The O'Neill Muni-John L Baker Fld, O'Neill
Commercial airport. O.
Record ID ONL (FAA / U.S. DOT)
Severity 2
Green Plains Atkinson, Atkinson
Air permit holder (minor source).
EPA FRS registry ID 110056255396 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.8
Mitchell Equipment Inc, Atkinson
Small hazardous waste generator.
EPA FRS registry ID 110006072935 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.5
R & D Manufacturing Llc, Oneill
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110006611522 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.5
Ewing Wastewater Treatment, Ewing
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110009841056 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.5
O'Neill Public Schools, O'Neill
Small hazardous waste generator.
EPA FRS registry ID 110024431319 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.5
B X D Feeders, Llc, Emmet
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110037272670 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.5
Riverview, Llp Dba Eagle Creek Farms, Llp, Atkinson
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110038982937 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.5
Hillside Feed Yards Llc, Ewing
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110039181104 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.5

Correctional facilities

Prisons, jails and corrections operations with an EPA facility record, and the drinking water and wastewater compliance attached to them.

No correctional facility with an EPA record is located in this county.

Discovery / public records

Records to request for Holt County

Nebraska state cancer registry
Cancer incidence counts by census tract or ZIP code, by cancer type and year (de-identified). Any cancer cluster inquiries or investigations in Holt County, and their findings.
Nebraska vital statistics office
Death certificate counts by cause of death and residence tract or ZIP code, and the years behind the mortality measures above.
Nebraska health department, environmental epidemiology
Health consultations or assessments by ATSDR or the state health department covering the county, and any exposure investigations.
Nebraska environmental agency and the U.S. EPA regional office
Compliance history, inspection reports, notices of violation, penalties and enforcement actions for each facility above, cited by EPA FRS registry ID.
Nebraska drinking water program
Violation notices, sampling results and sanitary surveys for the public water systems serving the county, including any system serving a correctional facility.
Department of corrections or county sheriff
Water testing, grievances and environmental health inspections for the correctional facilities listed above.

Each Envyrofax address report includes a printable records request worksheet with the custodian and the exact request wording per finding.

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