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Sampson County, North Carolina: environmental and disease records

Cancer mortality in Sampson County is 181.8 deaths per 100,000 people per year against a U.S. rate of 143.2, a statistically significant excess. The strongest disease signals are Lung & bronchus deaths at 1.6 times the U.S. rate and Pancreas deaths at 1.3 times the U.S. rate. Federal databases place 255 regulated facilities, sites and hazards inside the county, led by NPDES wastewater discharge permit (99), Rail grade crossing (41), Air permit holder (minor source) (31). EPA AirToxScreen estimates a lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics of 30 in a million, driven mainly by formaldehyde.

Rates are age-adjusted per 100,000 people. A cancer signal is marked significant when the lower bound of its 95 percent confidence interval is above the U.S. rate. Facility counts use active federal records located inside the county boundary. Approximate county center: 34.9354, -78.361.

How this county ranks in North Carolina

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Cancer deaths and new cases versus the United States

Source: NCI and CDC State Cancer Profiles, both sexes, all ages. Sorted by the ratio of the county rate to the U.S. rate.

Cancer rates for Sampson County compared with the United States
Cancer	Measure	County rate	U.S. rate	Times U.S.	95% interval	Years
Lung & bronchus	Deaths	49	30.2	1.62xSignificant	42.4 to 56.4	2020-2024
Lung & bronchus	New cases	81	51.8	1.56xSignificant	72.4 to 90.4	2019-2023
Kidney & renal pelvis	New cases	24.3	17.9	1.36xSignificant	19.4 to 30.2	2019-2023
Pancreas	Deaths	15	11.3	1.33xSignificant	11.4 to 19.5	2020-2024
Pancreas	New cases	17.9	13.9	1.29x	13.9 to 22.9	2019-2023
All cancer	Deaths	181.8	143.2	1.27xSignificant	168.5 to 195.9	2020-2024
Liver & bile duct	New cases	10.2	8.7	1.17x	7.2 to 14.1	2019-2023
Stomach	New cases	7.5	6.6	1.14x	4.9 to 11.1	2019-2023
All cancer	New cases	514	453.4	1.13xSignificant	490.8 to 538.1	2019-2023
Melanoma of the skin	New cases	25.6	23.8	1.08x	20.3 to 31.8	2019-2023
Leukemia	New cases	15.3	14.5	1.06x	11.4 to 20.1	2019-2023
Leukemia	Deaths	6	5.7	1.05x	3.7 to 9.3	2020-2024
Thyroid	New cases	13.6	13	1.05x	9.7 to 18.4	2019-2023
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	Deaths	5	4.8	1.04x	3 to 8.1	2020-2024
Liver & bile duct	Deaths	6.6	6.6	1x	4.4 to 9.7	2020-2024
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	New cases	18.4	18.5	0.99x	14.2 to 23.6	2019-2023
Bladder	New cases	16.8	18.7	0.9x	13 to 21.5	2019-2023
Brain & nervous system	New cases	4.7	6.2	0.76x	2.7 to 7.6	2019-2023

Mortality measures versus the U.S. county median

Source: County Health Rankings, built from CDC National Vital Statistics System death records. The comparison value is the median of all U.S. counties.

Mortality measures for Sampson County
Measure	County	U.S. median	Difference	Unit
Premature death	12,311.7	9,842.6	+25%	years of life lost before age 75 per 100,000
Life expectancy	72.7	75.3	-3%	years
Child mortality	68.7	59.8	+15%	deaths under age 18 per 100,000
Infant mortality	6.8	6.2	+9%	deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births
Injury deaths	107.2	96.9	+11%	deaths per 100,000
Drug overdose deaths	28.7	28.6	+0%	deaths per 100,000

Air toxics and air quality

EPA AirToxScreen 2020

Lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics: 30 in a million. EPA treats 100 in a million as the upper end of acceptable risk and 1 in a million as the goal.

Formaldehyde19.45 per million
Carbon Tetrachloride2.94 per million
Acetaldehyde1.93 per million
Benzene0.79 per million

EPA Air Quality Index

No EPA air quality monitor reports daily AQI for this county.

Regulated facilities, sites and hazards by type

255 active records inside the county from EPA ECHO, TRI, Superfund, Brownfields, NPDES, EIA, FAA, FRA and corrections data.

NPDES wastewater discharge permit99
Rail grade crossing41
Air permit holder (minor source)31
Gas station (mapped facility)28
Solar power plant12
Auto repair or body shop (mapped facility)7
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI)7
Small hazardous waste generator6
TRI reporting facility5
Major air pollution source4
Public airport3
Heliport3
Large greenhouse gas emitter2
Wastewater plant (mapped facility)2
Commercial airport1
Large hazardous waste generator1
Landfill (mapped facility)1
Biomass power plant1
Oil-fired power plant1

Highest-severity records

The 25 records with the highest Envyrofax severity in the county, with the agency identifier to cite in a records request.

Kivett'S Inc., Clinton
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Styrene. Reports carcinogens. 2,905 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 28328KVTTS711SW (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 7.2
Smithfield-Clinton, Clinton
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Ammonia, Chlorine dioxide. 120,665 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 28328THLND424RA (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 6.9
Dubose National Energy Services Inc., Clinton
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Chromium, Nickel, Manganese, Copper. Reports carcinogens. 112 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 2832WDBSNT9INDU (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 6.1
Norman H. Larkins Wpcf, Clinton
NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $695.
EPA FRS registry ID 110063626580 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 5.8
Town Of Garland, Garland
NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $29,284.
EPA FRS registry ID 110006673616 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 5.3
Smithfield Clinton Plant, Clinton
Large greenhouse gas emitter. Penalties $5,460.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000349846 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 5
Town Of Roseboro, Roseboro
NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $15,545.
EPA FRS registry ID 110006710675 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.8
Dubose National Energy Services Inc, Clinton
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110070669640 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.7
S&W Clinton Plant, Clinton
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Lead. Reports carcinogens.
TRI facility ID 2832WSWCLN1395T (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 4.5
Sampson Salvage Co Incorporated, Clinton
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110006719104 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.5
Ezzell Trucking-Sampson, Harrells
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110007659435 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.5
Newton Grove Wwtp, Newton Grove
NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $4,488.
EPA FRS registry ID 110009720212 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.5
C & R Auto Sales Inc, Turkey
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110022567097 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.5
Ccl Metal Science Llc, Clinton
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110031093732 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.5
Mhc Kenworth - Clinton, Clinton
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110070686757 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.5
Prestage Agenergy - Moltonville, Clinton
Major air pollution source. Penalties $8,217.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071040924 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.5
Campbell Oil & Gas Co., Clinton
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: n-Hexane, Benzene, Toluene, Methyl tert-butyl ether and 3 more. Reports carcinogens.
TRI facility ID 28328CMPBL224FA (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 4.5
Dubose Strapping Inc, Clinton
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Nickel, Lead, Manganese. Reports carcinogens.
TRI facility ID 28328DBSST906IN (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 4.5
Butterball Turkey Feed Mill, Turkey
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Methanol, Selenium compounds, Copper compounds, Manganese compounds and 2 more. Reports carcinogens.
TRI facility ID 2839WTRKYM564TU (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 4.5
Murphy-Brown Llc, Warsaw
Oil-fired power plant.
Record ID 55002 (U.S. Energy Information Administration)
Severity 4
Campbell Oil - Clinton, Clinton
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000349837 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
Smithfield Clinton Plant, Clinton
NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $5,460.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000349846 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
Dubose Strapping Inc, Clinton
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110001493189 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
Sampson County Disposal, Llc, Roseboro
Major air pollution source.
EPA FRS registry ID 110009717182 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
Ccl Metal Science Llc, Clinton
Air permit holder (minor source).
EPA FRS registry ID 110031093732 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4

Correctional facilities

Prisons, jails and corrections operations with an EPA facility record, and the drinking water and wastewater compliance attached to them.

No correctional facility with an EPA record is located in this county.

Discovery / public records

Records to request for Sampson County

North Carolina state cancer registry
Cancer incidence counts by census tract or ZIP code, by cancer type and year (de-identified). Any cancer cluster inquiries or investigations in Sampson County, and their findings.
North Carolina vital statistics office
Death certificate counts by cause of death and residence tract or ZIP code, and the years behind the mortality measures above.
North Carolina health department, environmental epidemiology
Health consultations or assessments by ATSDR or the state health department covering the county, and any exposure investigations.
North Carolina environmental agency and the U.S. EPA regional office
Compliance history, inspection reports, notices of violation, penalties and enforcement actions for each facility above, cited by EPA FRS registry ID.
North Carolina drinking water program
Violation notices, sampling results and sanitary surveys for the public water systems serving the county, including any system serving a correctional facility.
Department of corrections or county sheriff
Water testing, grievances and environmental health inspections for the correctional facilities listed above.

Each Envyrofax address report includes a printable records request worksheet with the custodian and the exact request wording per finding.

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