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Hoke County, North Carolina: environmental and disease records

Cancer mortality in Hoke County is 178.5 deaths per 100,000 people per year against a U.S. rate of 143.2, a statistically significant excess. The strongest disease signals are Lung & bronchus deaths at 1.5 times the U.S. rate. Federal databases place 277 regulated facilities, sites and hazards inside the county, led by NPDES wastewater discharge permit (119), Rail grade crossing (101), Air permit holder (minor source) (14). One correctional facility operates in the county. EPA AirToxScreen estimates a lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics of 30 in a million, driven mainly by formaldehyde.

Rates are age-adjusted per 100,000 people. A cancer signal is marked significant when the lower bound of its 95 percent confidence interval is above the U.S. rate. Facility counts use active federal records located inside the county boundary. Approximate county center: 35.0232, -79.2592.

How this county ranks in North Carolina

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Cancer deaths and new cases versus the United States

Source: NCI and CDC State Cancer Profiles, both sexes, all ages. Sorted by the ratio of the county rate to the U.S. rate.

Cancer rates for Hoke County compared with the United States
Cancer	Measure	County rate	U.S. rate	Times U.S.	95% interval	Years
Lung & bronchus	New cases	79.2	51.8	1.53xSignificant	67.9 to 91.7	2019-2023
Leukemia	Deaths	8.5	5.7	1.49x	4.9 to 13.5	2020-2024
Lung & bronchus	Deaths	44.4	30.2	1.47xSignificant	36 to 54.2	2020-2024
Brain & nervous system	New cases	8	6.2	1.29x	5 to 12.2	2019-2023
Stomach	New cases	8.4	6.6	1.27x	5.1 to 13.1	2019-2023
All cancer	Deaths	178.5	143.2	1.25xSignificant	161.2 to 197	2020-2024
Kidney & renal pelvis	New cases	21.4	17.9	1.2x	15.9 to 28.2	2019-2023
Liver & bile duct	Deaths	7.6	6.6	1.15x	4.4 to 12.1	2020-2024
All cancer	New cases	492.3	453.4	1.09xSignificant	464.1 to 521.8	2019-2023
Pancreas	Deaths	12	11.3	1.06x	7.9 to 17.4	2020-2024
Liver & bile duct	New cases	9.2	8.7	1.06x	5.8 to 14	2019-2023
Pancreas	New cases	14.6	13.9	1.05x	10.2 to 20.2	2019-2023
Bladder	New cases	19.6	18.7	1.05x	13.8 to 26.9	2019-2023
Leukemia	New cases	13.5	14.5	0.93x	9.2 to 19.1	2019-2023
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	New cases	15.4	18.5	0.83x	10.8 to 21.3	2019-2023
Thyroid	New cases	8.1	13	0.62x	5 to 12.4	2019-2023
Melanoma of the skin	New cases	14.7	23.8	0.62x	10.1 to 20.6	2019-2023

Mortality measures versus the U.S. county median

Source: County Health Rankings, built from CDC National Vital Statistics System death records. The comparison value is the median of all U.S. counties.

Mortality measures for Hoke County
Measure	County	U.S. median	Difference	Unit
Premature death	12,067	9,842.6	+23%	years of life lost before age 75 per 100,000
Life expectancy	72.7	75.3	-3%	years
Child mortality	101.1	59.8	+69%	deaths under age 18 per 100,000
Infant mortality	7.9	6.2	+27%	deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births
Injury deaths	98.6	96.9	+2%	deaths per 100,000
Drug overdose deaths	36.3	28.6	+27%	deaths per 100,000

Air toxics and air quality

EPA AirToxScreen 2020

Lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics: 30 in a million. EPA treats 100 in a million as the upper end of acceptable risk and 1 in a million as the goal.

Formaldehyde22.07 per million
Carbon Tetrachloride2.94 per million
Acetaldehyde2.23 per million
Benzene1.02 per million

EPA Air Quality Index

No EPA air quality monitor reports daily AQI for this county.

Regulated facilities, sites and hazards by type

277 active records inside the county from EPA ECHO, TRI, Superfund, Brownfields, NPDES, EIA, FAA, FRA and corrections data.

NPDES wastewater discharge permit119
Rail grade crossing101
Air permit holder (minor source)14
Gas station (mapped facility)14
Brownfield property5
Public airport4
Auto repair or body shop (mapped facility)4
Small hazardous waste generator3
Solar power plant3
TRI reporting facility3
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI)3
Correctional facility (prison or jail)1
Dry cleaner (mapped facility)1
Heliport1
Scrapyard (mapped facility)1

Highest-severity records

The 25 records with the highest Envyrofax severity in the county, with the agency identifier to cite in a records request.

Hoke County Wwtp, Raeford
NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $35,395.
EPA FRS registry ID 110055102918 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 7
Unilever Hpc N.A., Raeford
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Certain glycol ethers. 3,694 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 28376CHSBR100FA (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 5.7
Unilever Manufacturing (Us), Inc., Raeford
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000350129 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 5.5
Techniseal Us - Aberdeen Plant, Aberdeen
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110040754369 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 5
Raeford Wwtp, Raeford
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110001934319 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.5
Omnisource Llc - Raeford, Raeford
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110006671191 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.5
401 Sand Lcid, Raeford
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110045404861 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.5
Oldcastle Lawn And Garden-Aber, Aberdeen
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110028298036 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
Burlington Industries Raeford Facility, Raeford
NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $58,795.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000350110 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.8
Burlington Industries Raeford Facility, Raeford
Air permit holder (minor source). Penalties $58,795.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000350110 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.3
Oldcastle Lawn & Garden, Aberdeen
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Lead And Lead Compounds, Lead compounds, Trifluralin.
TRI facility ID 2837WLDCST17RES (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 3.1
Techniseal Us - Aberdeen Plant, Aberdeen
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Lead compounds.
TRI facility ID 2831WTCHNS156RA (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 3
Former Johnson Cotton Gin, Raeford
Brownfield property.
EPA FRS registry ID 110043638196 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record
Severity 3
Calico Corner Florist, Raeford
Brownfield property.
EPA FRS registry ID 110043638481 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record
Severity 3
Former Smitty'S Cleaners, Raeford
Brownfield property.
EPA FRS registry ID 110043692670 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record
Severity 3
Zv Pate Property, Hoke County Unincorporated Parcel
Brownfield property.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071967984 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record
Severity 3
Venture Properties, Raeford
Brownfield property.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071968597 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record
Severity 3
Mccain Correctional Hospital Wwtp, Raeford
NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $528.
EPA FRS registry ID 110009844927 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2.5
Techniseal Us - Aberdeen Plant, Aberdeen
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110040754369 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2.5
Polymer Technologies Inc., Raeford
Air permit holder (minor source). Penalties $9,183.
EPA FRS registry ID 110001492894 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2
Antioch Wtp, Red Springs
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110006707215 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2
Mccain Correctional Hospital Wwtp, Raeford
Air permit holder (minor source). Penalties $528.
EPA FRS registry ID 110009844927 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2
Techniseal Us - Aberdeen Plant, Aberdeen
Air permit holder (minor source).
EPA FRS registry ID 110040754369 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2
P K Airpark, Raeford
Public airport. O.
Record ID 5W4 (FAA / U.S. DOT)
Severity 2
Dry Cleaner
Dry cleaner (mapped facility). Mapped facility presence only; no compliance or exposure measurements.
Record ID way/1043532623 (OpenStreetMap contributors) Agency record
Severity 2

Correctional facilities

Prisons, jails and corrections operations with an EPA facility record, and the drinking water and wastewater compliance attached to them.

Mccain Correctional Hospital Wwtp, Raeford
EPA FRS registry ID
110009844927
Wastewater permit
Yes
EPA detailed facility report

Discovery / public records

Records to request for Hoke County

North Carolina state cancer registry
Cancer incidence counts by census tract or ZIP code, by cancer type and year (de-identified). Any cancer cluster inquiries or investigations in Hoke County, and their findings.
North Carolina vital statistics office
Death certificate counts by cause of death and residence tract or ZIP code, and the years behind the mortality measures above.
North Carolina health department, environmental epidemiology
Health consultations or assessments by ATSDR or the state health department covering the county, and any exposure investigations.
North Carolina environmental agency and the U.S. EPA regional office
Compliance history, inspection reports, notices of violation, penalties and enforcement actions for each facility above, cited by EPA FRS registry ID.
North Carolina drinking water program
Violation notices, sampling results and sanitary surveys for the public water systems serving the county, including any system serving a correctional facility.
Department of corrections or county sheriff
Water testing, grievances and environmental health inspections for the correctional facilities listed above.

Each Envyrofax address report includes a printable records request worksheet with the custodian and the exact request wording per finding.

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