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Davidson County, North Carolina: environmental and disease records

Cancer mortality in Davidson County is 167.8 deaths per 100,000 people per year against a U.S. rate of 143.2, a statistically significant excess. The strongest disease signals are Lung & bronchus deaths at 1.5 times the U.S. rate and Liver & bile duct deaths at 1.3 times the U.S. rate. Federal databases place 776 regulated facilities, sites and hazards inside the county, led by NPDES wastewater discharge permit (317), Rail grade crossing (168), Gas station (mapped facility) (86). EPA AirToxScreen estimates a lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics of 30 in a million, driven mainly by formaldehyde.

Rates are age-adjusted per 100,000 people. A cancer signal is marked significant when the lower bound of its 95 percent confidence interval is above the U.S. rate. Facility counts use active federal records located inside the county boundary. Approximate county center: 35.7641, -80.2535.

How this county ranks in North Carolina

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Cancer deaths and new cases versus the United States

Source: NCI and CDC State Cancer Profiles, both sexes, all ages. Sorted by the ratio of the county rate to the U.S. rate.

Cancer rates for Davidson County compared with the United States
CancerMeasureCounty rateU.S. rateTimes U.S.95% intervalYears
Lung & bronchusDeaths44.330.21.47xSignificant40.6 to 48.32020-2024
Lung & bronchusNew cases75.351.81.45xSignificant70.5 to 80.42019-2023
Melanoma of the skinDeaths2.921.45x2 to 4.22020-2024
Melanoma of the skinNew cases32.823.81.38xSignificant29.4 to 36.52019-2023
Kidney & renal pelvisDeaths4.63.41.35x3.4 to 62020-2024
Kidney & renal pelvisNew cases2417.91.34xSignificant21.2 to 27.22019-2023
Liver & bile ductDeaths8.36.61.26xSignificant6.8 to 10.12020-2024
BladderNew cases22.918.71.22xSignificant20.2 to 25.92019-2023
BladderDeaths54.11.22x3.8 to 6.52020-2024
EsophagusDeaths4.53.71.22x3.4 to 5.92020-2024
EsophagusNew cases5.44.61.17x4.2 to 72019-2023
All cancerDeaths167.8143.21.17xSignificant160.5 to 175.52020-2024
LeukemiaDeaths6.55.71.14x5.1 to 8.22020-2024
All cancerNew cases505453.41.11xSignificant491.8 to 518.62019-2023
Liver & bile ductNew cases9.68.71.1x7.9 to 11.52019-2023
LeukemiaNew cases15.814.51.09x13.5 to 18.52019-2023
PancreasDeaths11.811.31.04x9.9 to 13.92020-2024
Non-Hodgkin lymphomaDeaths4.94.81.02x3.7 to 6.42020-2024
PancreasNew cases1413.91.01x12 to 16.32019-2023
Brain & nervous systemDeaths4.34.40.98x3.2 to 5.82020-2024
Non-Hodgkin lymphomaNew cases17.318.50.94x14.8 to 202019-2023
Brain & nervous systemNew cases5.76.20.92x4.3 to 7.42019-2023
StomachNew cases5.56.60.83x4.2 to 7.12019-2023
Childhood cancer (under 15)New cases13.116.40.8x7.9 to 20.42019-2023
ThyroidNew cases9.7130.75x7.8 to 11.92019-2023
StomachDeaths22.70.74x1.3 to 3.12020-2024

Mortality measures versus the U.S. county median

Source: County Health Rankings, built from CDC National Vital Statistics System death records. The comparison value is the median of all U.S. counties.

Mortality measures for Davidson County
MeasureCountyU.S. medianDifferenceUnit
Premature death12,216.79,842.6+24%years of life lost before age 75 per 100,000
Life expectancy73.375.3-3%years
Child mortality57.259.8-4%deaths under age 18 per 100,000
Infant mortality6.96.2+11%deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births
Injury deaths117.696.9+21%deaths per 100,000
Drug overdose deaths58.928.6+106%deaths per 100,000

Air toxics and air quality

EPA AirToxScreen 2020

Lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics: 30 in a million. EPA treats 100 in a million as the upper end of acceptable risk and 1 in a million as the goal.

  • Formaldehyde23.1 per million
  • Carbon Tetrachloride2.9 per million
  • Acetaldehyde2.42 per million
  • Benzene1.35 per million

EPA Air Quality Index 2025

Monitored on 343 days: 157 good, 0 unhealthy for sensitive groups or worse. Median AQI 51, peak 93.

Regulated facilities, sites and hazards by type

776 active records inside the county from EPA ECHO, TRI, Superfund, Brownfields, NPDES, EIA, FAA, FRA and corrections data.

  • NPDES wastewater discharge permit317
  • Rail grade crossing168
  • Gas station (mapped facility)86
  • Air permit holder (minor source)78
  • Auto repair or body shop (mapped facility)31
  • Toxic chemical release facility (TRI)17
  • Small hazardous waste generator16
  • TRI reporting facility16
  • Major air pollution source10
  • Brownfield property9
  • Dry cleaner (mapped facility)6
  • Large hazardous waste generator4
  • Oil-fired power plant4
  • Public airport3
  • Large greenhouse gas emitter3
  • Hazardous waste transporter2
  • EPA air quality monitor1
  • Commercial airport1
  • Landfill (mapped facility)1
  • Biomass power plant1
  • Hydroelectric plant1
  • Wastewater plant (mapped facility)1

Highest-severity records

The 25 records with the highest Envyrofax severity in the county, with the agency identifier to cite in a records request.

  1. Egger - Lexington Particleboard Plant, Linwood

    Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Formaldehyde, Methanol, Acetaldehyde, Ammonia and 4 more. Reports carcinogens. 369,470 lbs released over 5 years.

    TRI facility ID 2729WGGRLX3EGGE (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

    Severity 8.8

  2. Unilin Flooring, Thomasville

    Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Formaldehyde, Nitrate compounds (water dissociable; reportable only when in aqueous solution). Reports carcinogens. 222,211 lbs released over 5 years.

    TRI facility ID 27360NLNFL55CLN (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

    Severity 8.6

  3. Kurz Transfer Products Lp, Lexington

    Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Mixture, Ammonia, Toluene, Ethylbenzene and 1 more. Reports carcinogens. 143,067 lbs released over 5 years.

    TRI facility ID 27292PDMNTRTE14 (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

    Severity 8.5

  4. Kurz Transfer Products Lp, Lexington

    TRI reporting facility.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000346073 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 8.4

  5. Egger - Lexington Particleboard Plant, Linwood

    TRI reporting facility. Penalties $10,000.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110070386075 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 8.3

  6. Owens - Brockway Glass Container Inc - Lexington, Lexington

    TRI reporting facility.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110009716469 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 8.3

  7. Lexington Manufacturing Facility, Lexington

    TRI reporting facility. Penalties $8,534.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000346082 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 7.7

  8. Electric Glass Fiber America Llc, Lexington

    Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Methanol, Lead. Reports carcinogens. 4,408 lbs released over 5 years.

    TRI facility ID 27292PPGNDNEWJE (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

    Severity 7.3

  9. Southern Resin, Thomasville

    Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Vinyl acetate, Formaldehyde, Butyl acrylate, Methanol. Reports carcinogens. 1,511 lbs released over 5 years.

    TRI facility ID 27360STHRN3440D (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

    Severity 6.9

  10. Lexington water tower, Lexington

    EPA air quality monitor.

    Record ID 370570002 (U.S. EPA AirData)

    Severity 6.5

  11. Unilin Flooring Nc, Llc - Thomasville Facility, Thomasville

    TRI reporting facility.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110021035814 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 6.5

  12. Hamby Creek Wwtp, Thomasville

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $15,540.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110006644364 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 6.5

  13. Owens - Brockway Glass Container Inc - Lexington, Lexington

    Major air pollution source.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110009716469 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 6.5

  14. Southern Resin, Inc., Thomasville

    TRI reporting facility. Penalties $15,494.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000346439 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 6.4

  15. Kurz Transfer Products Lp, Lexington

    Major air pollution source.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000346073 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 6.3

  16. Asco Power Technologies, Welcome

    Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Nickel, Chromium, Manganese, Copper. Reports carcinogens. 100 lbs released over 5 years.

    TRI facility ID 27374MRSNN325WE (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

    Severity 6

  17. City Of Lexington, Lexington

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $20,390.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000579455 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 6

  18. Owens - Brockway Glass Container Inc - Lexington, Lexington

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110009716469 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 6

  19. Egger - Lexington Particleboard Plant, Linwood

    Major air pollution source. Penalties $10,000.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110070386075 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 6

  20. Owens-Brockway Glass Container Inc - Plant #06, Lexington

    Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Lead And Lead Compounds, Chromium and Chromium Compounds(except for chromite ore mined in the Transvaal Region), Chromium compounds (except for chromite ore mined in the Transvaal Region), Lead compounds. 4,341 lbs released over 5 years.

    TRI facility ID 27108WNSBROLDRO (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

    Severity 5.8

  21. Kurz Transfer Products Lp, Lexington

    Large hazardous waste generator.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000346073 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 5.8

  22. Kurz Transfer Products Lp, Lexington

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000346073 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 5.8

  23. Lexington Manufacturing Facility, Lexington

    Major air pollution source. Penalties $8,534.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000346082 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 5.8

  24. Quail Run Mobile Home Park, Winston Salem

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $1,172.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110009843152 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 5.5

  25. Egger - Lexington Particleboard Plant, Linwood

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $10,000.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110070386075 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 5.5

Correctional facilities

Prisons, jails and corrections operations with an EPA facility record, and the drinking water and wastewater compliance attached to them.

No correctional facility with an EPA record is located in this county.

Discovery / public records

Records to request for Davidson County

  • North Carolina state cancer registry

    Cancer incidence counts by census tract or ZIP code, by cancer type and year (de-identified). Any cancer cluster inquiries or investigations in Davidson County, and their findings.

  • North Carolina vital statistics office

    Death certificate counts by cause of death and residence tract or ZIP code, and the years behind the mortality measures above.

  • North Carolina health department, environmental epidemiology

    Health consultations or assessments by ATSDR or the state health department covering the county, and any exposure investigations.

  • North Carolina environmental agency and the U.S. EPA regional office

    Compliance history, inspection reports, notices of violation, penalties and enforcement actions for each facility above, cited by EPA FRS registry ID.

  • North Carolina drinking water program

    Violation notices, sampling results and sanitary surveys for the public water systems serving the county, including any system serving a correctional facility.

  • Department of corrections or county sheriff

    Water testing, grievances and environmental health inspections for the correctional facilities listed above.

Each Envyrofax address report includes a printable records request worksheet with the custodian and the exact request wording per finding.

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