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Chatham County, North Carolina: environmental and disease records

Cancer mortality in Chatham County is 124.3 deaths per 100,000 people per year against a U.S. rate of 143.2. Federal databases place 944 regulated facilities, sites and hazards inside the county, led by NPDES wastewater discharge permit (727), Rail grade crossing (78), Gas station (mapped facility) (30). EPA AirToxScreen estimates a lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics of 30 in a million, driven mainly by formaldehyde.

Rates are age-adjusted per 100,000 people. A cancer signal is marked significant when the lower bound of its 95 percent confidence interval is above the U.S. rate. Facility counts use active federal records located inside the county boundary. Approximate county center: 35.691, -79.2566.

How this county ranks in North Carolina

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Cancer deaths and new cases versus the United States

Source: NCI and CDC State Cancer Profiles, both sexes, all ages. Sorted by the ratio of the county rate to the U.S. rate.

Cancer rates for Chatham County compared with the United States
CancerMeasureCounty rateU.S. rateTimes U.S.95% intervalYears
Melanoma of the skinNew cases37.523.81.58xSignificant32.4 to 43.22019-2023
Kidney & renal pelvisDeaths4.43.41.29x2.9 to 6.52020-2024
PancreasNew cases16.113.91.16x13.3 to 19.52019-2023
Non-Hodgkin lymphomaNew cases21.218.51.15x17.5 to 25.72019-2023
Brain & nervous systemDeaths4.84.41.09x3.2 to 7.12020-2024
LeukemiaNew cases15.514.51.07x12.3 to 19.42019-2023
All cancerNew cases482.7453.41.06xSignificant464.8 to 501.22019-2023
LeukemiaDeaths65.71.05x4.3 to 8.32020-2024
PancreasDeaths11.511.31.02x9.2 to 14.32020-2024
BladderNew cases18.918.71.01x15.9 to 22.62019-2023
ThyroidNew cases12.9130.99x9.6 to 172019-2023
Brain & nervous systemNew cases66.20.97x4 to 8.72019-2023
BladderDeaths3.74.10.9x2.5 to 5.62020-2024
Kidney & renal pelvisNew cases1617.90.89x12.9 to 19.72019-2023
EsophagusNew cases4.14.60.89x2.6 to 6.32019-2023
Lung & bronchusNew cases45.951.80.89x41 to 51.52019-2023
All cancerDeaths124.3143.20.87x116 to 133.22020-2024
StomachNew cases5.76.60.86x3.8 to 8.22019-2023
Non-Hodgkin lymphomaDeaths44.80.83x2.7 to 5.92020-2024
EsophagusDeaths33.70.81x1.8 to 4.92020-2024
Lung & bronchusDeaths23.430.20.77x20 to 27.32020-2024
Liver & bile ductDeaths4.56.60.68x3.1 to 6.42020-2024
Liver & bile ductNew cases5.68.70.64x4 to 7.82019-2023

Mortality measures versus the U.S. county median

Source: County Health Rankings, built from CDC National Vital Statistics System death records. The comparison value is the median of all U.S. counties.

Mortality measures for Chatham County
MeasureCountyU.S. medianDifferenceUnit
Premature death7,551.99,842.6-23%years of life lost before age 75 per 100,000
Life expectancy79.975.3+6%years
Child mortality56.559.8-6%deaths under age 18 per 100,000
Infant mortality7.96.2+27%deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births
Injury deaths91.896.9-5%deaths per 100,000
Drug overdose deaths30.428.6+6%deaths per 100,000

Air toxics and air quality

EPA AirToxScreen 2020

Lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics: 30 in a million. EPA treats 100 in a million as the upper end of acceptable risk and 1 in a million as the goal.

  • Formaldehyde20.7 per million
  • Carbon Tetrachloride2.93 per million
  • Acetaldehyde2.14 per million
  • Benzene1.06 per million

EPA Air Quality Index

No EPA air quality monitor reports daily AQI for this county.

Regulated facilities, sites and hazards by type

944 active records inside the county from EPA ECHO, TRI, Superfund, Brownfields, NPDES, EIA, FAA, FRA and corrections data.

  • NPDES wastewater discharge permit727
  • Rail grade crossing78
  • Gas station (mapped facility)30
  • Air permit holder (minor source)26
  • Brownfield property21
  • Solar power plant10
  • Toxic chemical release facility (TRI)9
  • TRI reporting facility7
  • Major air pollution source6
  • Public airport5
  • Small hazardous waste generator5
  • Auto repair or body shop (mapped facility)3
  • Dry cleaner (mapped facility)3
  • Large greenhouse gas emitter3
  • Wastewater plant (mapped facility)3
  • Large hazardous waste generator2
  • Hydroelectric plant2
  • Airfield1
  • Commercial airport1
  • Landfill (mapped facility)1
  • Scrapyard (mapped facility)1

Highest-severity records

The 25 records with the highest Envyrofax severity in the county, with the agency identifier to cite in a records request.

  1. Arauco North America, Inc., Moncure

    TRI reporting facility.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000346992 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 9.6

  2. Arauco N.A. Inc., Moncure

    Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Methanol, Formaldehyde, Lead. Reports carcinogens. 2,395,377 lbs released over 5 years.

    TRI facility ID 27559WYRHSSTATE (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

    Severity 9.4

  3. Dynea Usa Inc, Moncure

    TRI reporting facility. Penalties $10,182.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000346965 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 8.9

  4. Arclin Usa Llc, Moncure

    Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Methanol, Formaldehyde, Phenol, Formic acid. Reports carcinogens. 56,477 lbs released over 5 years.

    TRI facility ID 27559CHMBNSTATE (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

    Severity 8.1

  5. General Shale Brick Inc Moncure Facility Plants 24 & 25, Moncure

    Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Hydrochloric acid (acid aerosols including mists, vapors, gas, fog, and other airborne forms of any particle size), Hydrogen fluoride, Lead, Manganese compounds. Reports carcinogens. 17,976 lbs released over 5 years.

    TRI facility ID 27559CHRKSSTATE (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

    Severity 7.8

  6. 3m Co - Pittsboro, Moncure

    TRI reporting facility. Penalties $3,867.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110056955022 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 7

  7. General Timber Inc,., Sanford

    TRI reporting facility.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000615228 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 7

  8. Willamette Industries Incorporated, Moncure

    Major air pollution source. Penalties $1,282.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110001482495 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 7

  9. 3m Co-Pittsboro, Moncure

    Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Manganese compounds, Zinc compounds, Lead compounds, Chromium compounds (except for chromite ore mined in the Transvaal Region) and 1 more. 117,182 lbs released over 5 years.

    TRI facility ID 275593MCPT4191H (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

    Severity 6.9

  10. Arauco North America, Inc., Moncure

    Major air pollution source.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000346992 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 6.5

  11. Willamette Industries Incorporated, Moncure

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $1,282.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110001482495 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 6.5

  12. Triangle Brick - Merry Oaks, Moncure

    Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Hydrogen fluoride, Hydrochloric acid (acid aerosols including mists, vapors, gas, fog, and other airborne forms of any particle size), Lead compounds, Lead And Lead Compounds and 2 more. 19,835 lbs released over 5 years.

    TRI facility ID 27559TRNGLUSHWY (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

    Severity 6.3

  13. Dynea Usa Inc, Moncure

    Large hazardous waste generator. Penalties $10,182.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000346965 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 6

  14. Dynea Usa Inc, Moncure

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $10,182.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000346965 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 6

  15. Arauco North America, Inc., Moncure

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000346992 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 6

  16. General Timber Inc,., Sanford

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000615228 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 6

  17. Siler City Wwtp, Siler City

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $565,463.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110040028332 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 6

  18. Progress Energy Carolinas Cape Fear Steam Electric Plant, Moncure

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000586349 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 5.8

  19. Wolfspeed, Inc. - Siler City Factory, Siler City

    Large hazardous waste generator.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110071409627 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 5.8

  20. General Shale Brick Inc Moncure Facility Plants 24 & 25, Moncure

    TRI reporting facility.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110006670138 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 5.7

  21. Triangle Brick Company-Merry Oaks Brick Manufacturing Plant, Moncure

    TRI reporting facility.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000346983 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 5.5

  22. Arauco North America, Inc., Moncure

    Large greenhouse gas emitter.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000346992 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 5.5

  23. Cole Park Plaza Shopping Center Wwtp, Chapel Hill

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $532.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110006674116 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 5.3

  24. Chatham Central High School Wwtp, Bear Creek

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $1,345.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110009844712 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 5.3

  25. Town Of Pittsboro Wwtp, Pittsboro

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $77,460.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110009846051 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 5.3

Correctional facilities

Prisons, jails and corrections operations with an EPA facility record, and the drinking water and wastewater compliance attached to them.

No correctional facility with an EPA record is located in this county.

Discovery / public records

Records to request for Chatham County

  • North Carolina state cancer registry

    Cancer incidence counts by census tract or ZIP code, by cancer type and year (de-identified). Any cancer cluster inquiries or investigations in Chatham County, and their findings.

  • North Carolina vital statistics office

    Death certificate counts by cause of death and residence tract or ZIP code, and the years behind the mortality measures above.

  • North Carolina health department, environmental epidemiology

    Health consultations or assessments by ATSDR or the state health department covering the county, and any exposure investigations.

  • North Carolina environmental agency and the U.S. EPA regional office

    Compliance history, inspection reports, notices of violation, penalties and enforcement actions for each facility above, cited by EPA FRS registry ID.

  • North Carolina drinking water program

    Violation notices, sampling results and sanitary surveys for the public water systems serving the county, including any system serving a correctional facility.

  • Department of corrections or county sheriff

    Water testing, grievances and environmental health inspections for the correctional facilities listed above.

Each Envyrofax address report includes a printable records request worksheet with the custodian and the exact request wording per finding.

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