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Madison County, Montana: environmental and disease records

Cancer mortality in Madison County is 112.5 deaths per 100,000 people per year against a U.S. rate of 143.2. Federal databases place 268 regulated facilities, sites and hazards inside the county, led by NPDES wastewater discharge permit (163), Rail grade crossing (82), Public airport (4). EPA AirToxScreen estimates a lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics of 10 in a million, driven mainly by formaldehyde.

Rates are age-adjusted per 100,000 people. A cancer signal is marked significant when the lower bound of its 95 percent confidence interval is above the U.S. rate. Facility counts use active federal records located inside the county boundary. Approximate county center: 45.2673, -111.9152.

How this county ranks in Montana

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Cancer deaths and new cases versus the United States

Source: NCI and CDC State Cancer Profiles, both sexes, all ages. Sorted by the ratio of the county rate to the U.S. rate.

Cancer rates for Madison County compared with the United States
Cancer	Measure	County rate	U.S. rate	Times U.S.	95% interval	Years
Melanoma of the skin	New cases	44.4	23.8	1.87xSignificant	29.4 to 66	2019-2023
Bladder	New cases	25.6	18.7	1.37x	14.6 to 43.5	2019-2023
All cancer	New cases	441.6	453.4	0.97x	389.3 to 499.9	2019-2023
All cancer	Deaths	112.5	143.2	0.79x	88.7 to 142.1	2020-2024
Lung & bronchus	New cases	33	51.8	0.64x	21.3 to 51.1	2019-2023

Mortality measures versus the U.S. county median

Source: County Health Rankings, built from CDC National Vital Statistics System death records. The comparison value is the median of all U.S. counties.

Mortality measures for Madison County
Measure	County	U.S. median	Difference	Unit
Premature death	5,981.8	9,842.6	-39%	years of life lost before age 75 per 100,000
Life expectancy	80.3	75.3	+7%	years
Child mortality	n/a	59.8	n/a	deaths under age 18 per 100,000
Infant mortality	n/a	6.2	n/a	deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births
Injury deaths	89.9	96.9	-7%	deaths per 100,000
Drug overdose deaths	n/a	28.6	n/a	deaths per 100,000

Air toxics and air quality

EPA AirToxScreen 2020

Lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics: 10 in a million. EPA treats 100 in a million as the upper end of acceptable risk and 1 in a million as the goal.

Formaldehyde7.61 per million
Carbon Tetrachloride2.5 per million
Acetaldehyde0.85 per million
Pahpom0.64 per million

EPA Air Quality Index

No EPA air quality monitor reports daily AQI for this county.

Regulated facilities, sites and hazards by type

268 active records inside the county from EPA ECHO, TRI, Superfund, Brownfields, NPDES, EIA, FAA, FRA and corrections data.

NPDES wastewater discharge permit163
Rail grade crossing82
Public airport4
Brownfield property4
Gas station (mapped facility)4
Air permit holder (minor source)3
Commercial airport2
Heliport2
Large hazardous waste generator1
Landfill (mapped facility)1
Hydroelectric plant1
Scrapyard (mapped facility)1

Highest-severity records

The 25 records with the highest Envyrofax severity in the county, with the agency identifier to cite in a records request.

M & W Milling & Refining Inc, Virginia City
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110020309799 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.5
Dsl Mckee Pit, Ennis
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110070389453 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.5
Dsl Pit, Ennis
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071376046 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.3
Tilstra Ranch Inc., Twin Bridges
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110011049711 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
Sherwood Swanson Suction Dredge Jefferson River, Cardwell
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110042381366 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.5
Usfws-Ennis Nat Fish Hatchery, Ennis
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110011049418 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.3
Town Hall Fire Department, Twin Bridges
Brownfield property.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071977718 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record
Severity 3
Village Pump Gas Station, Virginia City
Brownfield property.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071977973 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record
Severity 3
Ennis Old Iga Grocery Store, Ennis
Brownfield property.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071981418 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record
Severity 3
Ruby Valley Twin Bridges Clinic/City Hall, Twin Bridges
Brownfield property.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071982809 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record
Severity 3
Ennis Wwtp, Ennis
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110022855187 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3
4 Rivers Concrete, Sheridan
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110055369015 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3
14 Miller Lane Ski House, Big Sky
Large hazardous waste generator.
EPA FRS registry ID 110072188422 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3
Elevation Newco Llc Regal Mine, Dillon
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110011047937 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2.5
Harrison Pit, Harrison
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110070694309 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2.5
Oxbow Open Cut Site Opencut # 1877, Sheridan
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071222454 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2.5
Giunnane Opencut Site Opencut #1838, Sheridan
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071223167 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2.5
Beaverhead Talc Mine, Cameron
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110007110517 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2.3
American Pacific Mining - Madison Project (Sw Mining), Silver Star
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110056142151 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2.3
Ennis Big Sky, Ennis
Commercial airport. O.
Record ID EKS (FAA / U.S. DOT)
Severity 2
Ruby Valley Fld, Twin Bridges
Commercial airport. O.
Record ID RVF (FAA / U.S. DOT)
Severity 2
Landfill
Landfill (mapped facility). Mapped facility presence only; no compliance or exposure measurements.
Record ID way/1319298925 (OpenStreetMap contributors) Agency record
Severity 2
American Pacific Mining Corp- Madison Project, Silver Star
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110063222383 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.8
Twin Bridges Water Main Replacemnt, Twin Bridges
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071942506 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.8
Ennis Hot Springs, Ennis
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110006723055 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.5

Correctional facilities

Prisons, jails and corrections operations with an EPA facility record, and the drinking water and wastewater compliance attached to them.

No correctional facility with an EPA record is located in this county.

Discovery / public records

Records to request for Madison County

Montana state cancer registry
Cancer incidence counts by census tract or ZIP code, by cancer type and year (de-identified). Any cancer cluster inquiries or investigations in Madison County, and their findings.
Montana vital statistics office
Death certificate counts by cause of death and residence tract or ZIP code, and the years behind the mortality measures above.
Montana health department, environmental epidemiology
Health consultations or assessments by ATSDR or the state health department covering the county, and any exposure investigations.
Montana environmental agency and the U.S. EPA regional office
Compliance history, inspection reports, notices of violation, penalties and enforcement actions for each facility above, cited by EPA FRS registry ID.
Montana drinking water program
Violation notices, sampling results and sanitary surveys for the public water systems serving the county, including any system serving a correctional facility.
Department of corrections or county sheriff
Water testing, grievances and environmental health inspections for the correctional facilities listed above.

Each Envyrofax address report includes a printable records request worksheet with the custodian and the exact request wording per finding.

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