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Callaway County, Missouri: environmental and disease records

Cancer mortality in Callaway County is 162.5 deaths per 100,000 people per year against a U.S. rate of 143.2, a statistically significant excess. The strongest disease signals are Lung & bronchus deaths at 1.4 times the U.S. rate. Federal databases place 415 regulated facilities, sites and hazards inside the county, led by NPDES wastewater discharge permit (204), Industrial wastewater discharge (60), Air permit holder (minor source) (45). EPA AirToxScreen estimates a lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics of 30 in a million, driven mainly by formaldehyde.

Rates are age-adjusted per 100,000 people. A cancer signal is marked significant when the lower bound of its 95 percent confidence interval is above the U.S. rate. Facility counts use active federal records located inside the county boundary. Approximate county center: 38.81, -91.8932.

How this county ranks in Missouri

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Cancer deaths and new cases versus the United States

Source: NCI and CDC State Cancer Profiles, both sexes, all ages. Sorted by the ratio of the county rate to the U.S. rate.

Cancer rates for Callaway County compared with the United States
Cancer	Measure	County rate	U.S. rate	Times U.S.	95% interval	Years
Kidney & renal pelvis	New cases	27.6	17.9	1.54xSignificant	21.5 to 35	2019-2023
Lung & bronchus	New cases	78.9	51.8	1.52xSignificant	69.1 to 89.9	2019-2023
Brain & nervous system	New cases	8.9	6.2	1.44x	5.5 to 13.6	2019-2023
Brain & nervous system	Deaths	6.3	4.4	1.43x	3.6 to 10.3	2020-2024
Bladder	Deaths	5.8	4.1	1.41x	3.4 to 9.6	2020-2024
Lung & bronchus	Deaths	42.1	30.2	1.39xSignificant	35 to 50.3	2020-2024
Liver & bile duct	Deaths	8.7	6.6	1.32x	5.6 to 12.9	2020-2024
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	Deaths	6	4.8	1.25x	3.5 to 9.7	2020-2024
Esophagus	New cases	5.6	4.6	1.22x	3.1 to 9.4	2019-2023
Leukemia	Deaths	6.9	5.7	1.21x	4.2 to 10.8	2020-2024
Bladder	New cases	22.1	18.7	1.18x	17 to 28.5	2019-2023
All cancer	Deaths	162.5	143.2	1.13xSignificant	148.1 to 178	2020-2024
Leukemia	New cases	16.3	14.5	1.12x	11.7 to 22.1	2019-2023
All cancer	New cases	480.7	453.4	1.06xSignificant	454.9 to 507.6	2019-2023
Liver & bile duct	New cases	8.3	8.7	0.95x	5.4 to 12.5	2019-2023
Stomach	New cases	6	6.6	0.91x	3.5 to 9.7	2019-2023
Melanoma of the skin	New cases	20.8	23.8	0.87x	15.6 to 27.3	2019-2023
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	New cases	15.7	18.5	0.85x	11.5 to 21.2	2019-2023
Pancreas	Deaths	8.9	11.3	0.79x	5.8 to 13.3	2020-2024
Pancreas	New cases	10.2	13.9	0.73x	6.8 to 14.8	2019-2023
Thyroid	New cases	9.2	13	0.71x	5.7 to 14.2	2019-2023

Mortality measures versus the U.S. county median

Source: County Health Rankings, built from CDC National Vital Statistics System death records. The comparison value is the median of all U.S. counties.

Mortality measures for Callaway County
Measure	County	U.S. median	Difference	Unit
Premature death	8,701.8	9,842.6	-12%	years of life lost before age 75 per 100,000
Life expectancy	76	75.3	+1%	years
Child mortality	63.4	59.8	+6%	deaths under age 18 per 100,000
Infant mortality	n/a	6.2	n/a	deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births
Injury deaths	84	96.9	-13%	deaths per 100,000
Drug overdose deaths	26.8	28.6	-6%	deaths per 100,000

Air toxics and air quality

EPA AirToxScreen 2020

Lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics: 30 in a million. EPA treats 100 in a million as the upper end of acceptable risk and 1 in a million as the goal.

Formaldehyde19.45 per million
Carbon Tetrachloride2.93 per million
Acetaldehyde1.9 per million
Naphthalene0.88 per million

EPA Air Quality Index 2025

Monitored on 260 days: 233 good, 0 unhealthy for sensitive groups or worse. Median AQI 41, peak 77.

Regulated facilities, sites and hazards by type

415 active records inside the county from EPA ECHO, TRI, Superfund, Brownfields, NPDES, EIA, FAA, FRA and corrections data.

NPDES wastewater discharge permit204
Industrial wastewater discharge60
Air permit holder (minor source)45
Rail grade crossing40
Gas station (mapped facility)15
Brownfield property12
Small hazardous waste generator8
Major air pollution source4
Public airport4
TRI reporting facility4
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI)4
Large hazardous waste generator3
Commercial airport2
Auto repair or body shop (mapped facility)2
Scrapyard (mapped facility)2
Wastewater plant (mapped facility)2
EPA air quality monitor1
Landfill (mapped facility)1
Gas power plant1
Nuclear power plant1

Highest-severity records

The 25 records with the highest Envyrofax severity in the county, with the agency identifier to cite in a records request.

Hitachi Energy Usa Inc., Jefferson City
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Certain glycol ethers, Chromium, Manganese, Nickel and 3 more. Reports carcinogens. 178,651 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 65101WSTNG500WE (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 8.5
Abb Enterprise Software Inc., Jefferson City
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110001448675 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 6.1
Harbisonwalker International, Inc. Fulton Rotary Kiln, Fulton
Major air pollution source.
EPA FRS registry ID 110001448657 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 6
Harbisonwalker International, Inc. Fulton Rotary Kiln, Fulton
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110001448657 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 5.5
Christopher Subdivision #2 Wwtf, Fulton
NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $1,690.
EPA FRS registry ID 110009874742 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 5.3
Fulton Wwtp, Fulton
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000733895 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 5
Ccsd Wwtf #15, Fulton
NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $1,600.
EPA FRS registry ID 110009868170 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 5
Quikrete - Jefferson City, Jefferson City
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Lead. Reports carcinogens.
TRI facility ID 6510WMDWST1621K (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 4.6
Country East Subdivision Wwtf, Fulton
NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $2,432.
EPA FRS registry ID 110006726178 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.5
Highview Subdivision West Wwtf, Fulton
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110006727186 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.5
Millersburg Business Park Wwtp, Millersburg
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110009868116 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.3
Callaway, Fulton
Nuclear power plant.
Record ID 6153 (U.S. Energy Information Administration)
Severity 4.2
Red Maples Home Community Wwtf, Fulton
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110006730724 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
Fulton Municipal Utilities, Fulton
Major air pollution source.
EPA FRS registry ID 110007372468 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
The Highlands Wwtf, Holts Summit
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110009112147 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
Golden Ponds Lagoon Wwtf, Holts Summit
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110009869160 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
New Bloomfield Wwtp, New Bloomfield
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110010284370 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
Kingdom City Pws, Kingdom City
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110012306441 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
Amerenue - Callaway Power Plant, Fulton
Major air pollution source.
EPA FRS registry ID 110017986759 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
Central Electric Manufacturing Company, Fulton
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110020514692 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
Red Creek Estates, Fulton
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110020564076 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
Midwest Premix - Jefferson City, Jefferson City
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110021084841 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
Ess Materials, Llc, Columbia
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110070145677 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
Ess Materials - Columbia, Millersburg
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071434064 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
Christopher #3 Wwtf, Fulton
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110006727006 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.8

Correctional facilities

Prisons, jails and corrections operations with an EPA facility record, and the drinking water and wastewater compliance attached to them.

No correctional facility with an EPA record is located in this county.

Discovery / public records

Records to request for Callaway County

Missouri state cancer registry
Cancer incidence counts by census tract or ZIP code, by cancer type and year (de-identified). Any cancer cluster inquiries or investigations in Callaway County, and their findings.
Missouri vital statistics office
Death certificate counts by cause of death and residence tract or ZIP code, and the years behind the mortality measures above.
Missouri health department, environmental epidemiology
Health consultations or assessments by ATSDR or the state health department covering the county, and any exposure investigations.
Missouri environmental agency and the U.S. EPA regional office
Compliance history, inspection reports, notices of violation, penalties and enforcement actions for each facility above, cited by EPA FRS registry ID.
Missouri drinking water program
Violation notices, sampling results and sanitary surveys for the public water systems serving the county, including any system serving a correctional facility.
Department of corrections or county sheriff
Water testing, grievances and environmental health inspections for the correctional facilities listed above.

Each Envyrofax address report includes a printable records request worksheet with the custodian and the exact request wording per finding.

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