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Winona County, Minnesota: environmental and disease records

Cancer mortality in Winona County is 148.4 deaths per 100,000 people per year against a U.S. rate of 143.2. Federal databases place 333 regulated facilities, sites and hazards inside the county, led by Rail grade crossing (117), Air permit holder (minor source) (47), Industrial wastewater discharge (41). EPA AirToxScreen estimates a lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics of 20 in a million, driven mainly by formaldehyde.

Rates are age-adjusted per 100,000 people. A cancer signal is marked significant when the lower bound of its 95 percent confidence interval is above the U.S. rate. Facility counts use active federal records located inside the county boundary. Approximate county center: 44.0197, -91.7955.

How this county ranks in Minnesota

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Cancer deaths and new cases versus the United States

Source: NCI and CDC State Cancer Profiles, both sexes, all ages. Sorted by the ratio of the county rate to the U.S. rate.

Cancer rates for Winona County compared with the United States
Cancer	Measure	County rate	U.S. rate	Times U.S.	95% interval	Years
Melanoma of the skin	New cases	47.2	23.8	1.98xSignificant	39.1 to 56.4	2019-2023
Leukemia	New cases	22.1	14.5	1.52xSignificant	16.9 to 28.4	2019-2023
Esophagus	Deaths	5.3	3.7	1.43x	3.1 to 8.8	2020-2024
Esophagus	New cases	6.2	4.6	1.35x	3.8 to 9.8	2019-2023
Bladder	New cases	24	18.7	1.28xSignificant	18.9 to 30.3	2019-2023
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	New cases	22.5	18.5	1.22x	17.3 to 28.9	2019-2023
Lung & bronchus	Deaths	35.7	30.2	1.18x	29.4 to 43.1	2020-2024
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	Deaths	5.5	4.8	1.15x	3.2 to 9	2020-2024
Leukemia	Deaths	6.5	5.7	1.14x	3.8 to 10.5	2020-2024
All cancer	New cases	488.6	453.4	1.08xSignificant	463.5 to 514.8	2019-2023
All cancer	Deaths	148.4	143.2	1.04x	135.2 to 162.6	2020-2024
Kidney & renal pelvis	New cases	17.5	17.9	0.98x	12.9 to 23.2	2019-2023
Pancreas	New cases	13.5	13.9	0.97x	9.8 to 18.3	2019-2023
Stomach	New cases	6.4	6.6	0.97x	3.8 to 10.4	2019-2023
Brain & nervous system	New cases	6	6.2	0.97x	3.3 to 10	2019-2023
Lung & bronchus	New cases	48	51.8	0.93x	40.8 to 56.4	2019-2023
Thyroid	New cases	11	13	0.85x	7 to 16.5	2019-2023
Liver & bile duct	New cases	7.3	8.7	0.84x	4.7 to 11.1	2019-2023
Pancreas	Deaths	9.3	11.3	0.82x	6.4 to 13.3	2020-2024
Liver & bile duct	Deaths	5.3	6.6	0.8x	3.1 to 8.7	2020-2024

Mortality measures versus the U.S. county median

Source: County Health Rankings, built from CDC National Vital Statistics System death records. The comparison value is the median of all U.S. counties.

Mortality measures for Winona County
Measure	County	U.S. median	Difference	Unit
Premature death	5,475.3	9,842.6	-44%	years of life lost before age 75 per 100,000
Life expectancy	80.2	75.3	+7%	years
Child mortality	32.1	59.8	-46%	deaths under age 18 per 100,000
Infant mortality	n/a	6.2	n/a	deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births
Injury deaths	70.5	96.9	-27%	deaths per 100,000
Drug overdose deaths	16	28.6	-44%	deaths per 100,000

Air toxics and air quality

EPA AirToxScreen 2020

Lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics: 20 in a million. EPA treats 100 in a million as the upper end of acceptable risk and 1 in a million as the goal.

Formaldehyde15.56 per million
Carbon Tetrachloride2.96 per million
Benzene1.6 per million
Acetaldehyde1.42 per million

EPA Air Quality Index 2025

Monitored on 99 days: 83 good, 0 unhealthy for sensitive groups or worse. Median AQI 21, peak 89.

Regulated facilities, sites and hazards by type

333 active records inside the county from EPA ECHO, TRI, Superfund, Brownfields, NPDES, EIA, FAA, FRA and corrections data.

Rail grade crossing117
Air permit holder (minor source)47
Industrial wastewater discharge41
NPDES wastewater discharge permit27
Gas station (mapped facility)26
Small hazardous waste generator15
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI)15
TRI reporting facility12
Auto repair or body shop (mapped facility)10
Solar power plant9
Major air pollution source2
Large hazardous waste generator2
Wind power plant2
Scrapyard (mapped facility)2
EPA air quality monitor1
Commercial airport1
Dry cleaner (mapped facility)1
Heliport1
Oil-fired power plant1
Wastewater plant (mapped facility)1

Highest-severity records

The 25 records with the highest Envyrofax severity in the county, with the agency identifier to cite in a records request.

Cytec Engineered Materials Inc, Winona
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110008817165 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 7.3
Cytec Engineered Materials Inc, Winona
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Methanol, Phenol, Tetrabromobisphenol A. 98,262 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 55987CCMPS501W3 (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 6.8
Badger Foundry Co, Winona
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Manganese, Lead, Diisocyanates. Reports carcinogens. 575 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 55987BDGRF1058E (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 6.6
Peerless Chain Co, Winona
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Zinc compounds, Lead, Manganese, Nickel. Reports carcinogens. 303 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 55987PRLSS1416E (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 6.4
Rtp Co, Winona
TRI reporting facility. Penalties $112,155.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000426628 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 6.4
Alliant Castings, Winona
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Chromium, Nickel, Manganese, Lead and 1 more. Reports carcinogens. 267 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 55987NTDMC1200W (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 6.4
Badger Foundry Company, Winona
TRI reporting facility. Penalties $4,742.
EPA FRS registry ID 110011117291 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 6
Peerless Chain Co, Winona
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000426646 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 5.8
Miller Waste Mills (Dba Rtp Co.), Winona
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Zinc compounds, Antimony compounds, Sodium nitrite, Antimony And Antimony Compounds and 3 more. 4,070 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 55987MLLRW580EF (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 5.8
Miller Waste Mills Dba Rtp Co, Winona
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Antimony compounds, Antimony And Antimony Compounds. 1,020 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 5598WMLLRW152E8 (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 5.3
Miller Waste Mills Dba Rtp Company, Winona
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071041104 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 5.1
Midwest Metal Products Inc, Winona
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110001443000 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.9
Benchmark, Winona
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Lead. Reports carcinogens.
TRI facility ID 55987BNCHM4065T (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 4.6
Midwest Metal Products Inc, Winona
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Chromium, Diisocyanates. 106 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 55987MDWST1175E (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 4.6
Badger Foundry Company, Winona
Major air pollution source. Penalties $4,742.
EPA FRS registry ID 110011117291 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.5
Riverside Electronics Ltd, Lewiston
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Lead. Reports carcinogens.
TRI facility ID 55952RVRSDONERI (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 4.5
Willet Hauser Architectural Glass, Winona
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Lead. Reports carcinogens.
TRI facility ID 55987HSRRT1685W (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 4.5
Bcs-Ais-Machine Building Div, Winona
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Lead. Reports carcinogens.
TRI facility ID 55987TRWTM5731I (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 4.5
Spensall A Div Of Fastenal Manufacturing, Winona
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Nickel, Lead, Chromium, Manganese and 1 more. Reports carcinogens.
TRI facility ID 5598WFSTNL181TH (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 4.5
Alliant Castings, Winona
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000426637 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.4
Cytec Engineered Materials Inc, Winona
Large hazardous waste generator.
EPA FRS registry ID 110008817165 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.3
Winona Wwtp, Winona
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110039744140 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.3
Lewiston Wwtp, Lewiston
NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $18,758.
EPA FRS registry ID 110039754922 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.3
St. Charles Power Plant, St. Charles
Oil-fired power plant.
Record ID 56100 (U.S. Energy Information Administration)
Severity 4
Riverside Electronics Ltd, Lewiston
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000426520 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4

Correctional facilities

Prisons, jails and corrections operations with an EPA facility record, and the drinking water and wastewater compliance attached to them.

No correctional facility with an EPA record is located in this county.

Discovery / public records

Records to request for Winona County

Minnesota state cancer registry
Cancer incidence counts by census tract or ZIP code, by cancer type and year (de-identified). Any cancer cluster inquiries or investigations in Winona County, and their findings.
Minnesota vital statistics office
Death certificate counts by cause of death and residence tract or ZIP code, and the years behind the mortality measures above.
Minnesota health department, environmental epidemiology
Health consultations or assessments by ATSDR or the state health department covering the county, and any exposure investigations.
Minnesota environmental agency and the U.S. EPA regional office
Compliance history, inspection reports, notices of violation, penalties and enforcement actions for each facility above, cited by EPA FRS registry ID.
Minnesota drinking water program
Violation notices, sampling results and sanitary surveys for the public water systems serving the county, including any system serving a correctional facility.
Department of corrections or county sheriff
Water testing, grievances and environmental health inspections for the correctional facilities listed above.

Each Envyrofax address report includes a printable records request worksheet with the custodian and the exact request wording per finding.

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