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Hillsdale County, Michigan: environmental and disease records

Cancer mortality in Hillsdale County is 176.6 deaths per 100,000 people per year against a U.S. rate of 143.2, a statistically significant excess. The strongest disease signals are Non-Hodgkin lymphoma deaths at 2 times the U.S. rate and Lung & bronchus deaths at 1.6 times the U.S. rate. Federal databases place 235 regulated facilities, sites and hazards inside the county, led by Rail grade crossing (80), Gas station (mapped facility) (34), Industrial wastewater discharge (32). EPA AirToxScreen estimates a lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics of 20 in a million, driven mainly by formaldehyde.

Rates are age-adjusted per 100,000 people. A cancer signal is marked significant when the lower bound of its 95 percent confidence interval is above the U.S. rate. Facility counts use active federal records located inside the county boundary. Approximate county center: 41.8907, -84.5935.

How this county ranks in Michigan

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Cancer deaths and new cases versus the United States

Source: NCI and CDC State Cancer Profiles, both sexes, all ages. Sorted by the ratio of the county rate to the U.S. rate.

Cancer rates for Hillsdale County compared with the United States
Cancer	Measure	County rate	U.S. rate	Times U.S.	95% interval	Years
Esophagus	New cases	9.3	4.6	2.02xSignificant	6.4 to 13.4	2019-2023
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	Deaths	9.4	4.8	1.96xSignificant	6.4 to 13.7	2020-2024
Lung & bronchus	Deaths	48.6	30.2	1.61xSignificant	41.4 to 56.8	2020-2024
Esophagus	Deaths	5.1	3.7	1.38x	3 to 8.4	2020-2024
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	New cases	25.4	18.5	1.37xSignificant	20.1 to 31.9	2019-2023
Lung & bronchus	New cases	68.2	51.8	1.32xSignificant	59.8 to 77.8	2019-2023
All cancer	Deaths	176.6	143.2	1.23xSignificant	162.3 to 191.9	2020-2024
Bladder	Deaths	5	4.1	1.22x	2.9 to 8.3	2020-2024
Brain & nervous system	New cases	7.2	6.2	1.16x	4.3 to 11.3	2019-2023
Kidney & renal pelvis	New cases	19.3	17.9	1.08x	14.7 to 25.1	2019-2023
Brain & nervous system	Deaths	4.7	4.4	1.07x	2.6 to 8	2020-2024
Pancreas	Deaths	11.9	11.3	1.05x	8.4 to 16.5	2020-2024
All cancer	New cases	471.1	453.4	1.04x	446.8 to 496.4	2019-2023
Leukemia	New cases	14.9	14.5	1.03x	10.8 to 20.2	2019-2023
Bladder	New cases	19.2	18.7	1.03x	15 to 24.5	2019-2023
Melanoma of the skin	New cases	22.9	23.8	0.96x	17.5 to 29.5	2019-2023
Pancreas	New cases	13.1	13.9	0.94x	9.4 to 17.9	2019-2023
Leukemia	Deaths	5.2	5.7	0.91x	2.9 to 8.7	2020-2024
Stomach	New cases	5.7	6.6	0.86x	3.3 to 9.4	2019-2023
Liver & bile duct	New cases	7.3	8.7	0.84x	4.7 to 11	2019-2023
Liver & bile duct	Deaths	5.1	6.6	0.77x	2.9 to 8.5	2020-2024
Thyroid	New cases	8.9	13	0.68x	5.5 to 13.7	2019-2023

Mortality measures versus the U.S. county median

Source: County Health Rankings, built from CDC National Vital Statistics System death records. The comparison value is the median of all U.S. counties.

Mortality measures for Hillsdale County
Measure	County	U.S. median	Difference	Unit
Premature death	8,806.6	9,842.6	-11%	years of life lost before age 75 per 100,000
Life expectancy	75.3	75.3	+0%	years
Child mortality	51.6	59.8	-14%	deaths under age 18 per 100,000
Infant mortality	5.9	6.2	-5%	deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births
Injury deaths	88	96.9	-9%	deaths per 100,000
Drug overdose deaths	19.7	28.6	-31%	deaths per 100,000

Air toxics and air quality

EPA AirToxScreen 2020

Lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics: 20 in a million. EPA treats 100 in a million as the upper end of acceptable risk and 1 in a million as the goal.

Formaldehyde14.7 per million
Carbon Tetrachloride2.94 per million
Acetaldehyde1.39 per million
Benzene0.89 per million

EPA Air Quality Index

No EPA air quality monitor reports daily AQI for this county.

Regulated facilities, sites and hazards by type

235 active records inside the county from EPA ECHO, TRI, Superfund, Brownfields, NPDES, EIA, FAA, FRA and corrections data.

Rail grade crossing80
Gas station (mapped facility)34
Industrial wastewater discharge32
NPDES wastewater discharge permit32
Air permit holder (minor source)26
Auto repair or body shop (mapped facility)5
Brownfield property3
Large hazardous waste generator3
Wastewater plant (mapped facility)3
Major air pollution source2
Small hazardous waste generator2
TRI reporting facility2
Public airport1
Commercial airport1
Large greenhouse gas emitter1
Hazardous waste transporter1
Heliport1
Landfill (mapped facility)1
Gas power plant1
Solar power plant1
Wind power plant1
Scrapyard (mapped facility)1
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI)1

Highest-severity records

The 25 records with the highest Envyrofax severity in the county, with the agency identifier to cite in a records request.

Tenneco Automotive, Inc.-Litchfield, Litchfield
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110008058528 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 5.8
Hillsdale Wwtp, Hillsdale
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071710725 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 5.3
Essex Specialty Products Llc - Hillsdale Site, Hillsdale
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Toluene, 4,4'-Isopropylidenediphenol, Diisocyanates. 531 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 49242SSXSP190UR (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 5.1
The Dow Chemical Company, Hillsdale
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110041963257 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.7
North Adams Wwsl, North Adams
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110006742837 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.5
Reading Wwsl, Reading
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110006742864 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.5
Waldron Wwsl, Waldron
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110009911248 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.5
Camden Wwsl, Camden
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110009911275 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.5
Precision Pork Llc Cafo, Litchfield
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110037502226 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.5
Bleich Dairy - Cafo, Hudson
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110041271183 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.5
Rathmourne Dairy Hudson-Cafo, Hudson
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110045500052 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.5
Hi-Lex Controls-Litchfield, Litchfield
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110069482955 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.5
Lake Pleasant Recycling, Hillsdale
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110070079266 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.5
Wright Twp-Hillsdale Co Wwsl, Hudson
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110020562363 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.3
Jonesville Wwtp, Jonesville
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110006741053 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
Boler Company, Hillsdale
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110014348287 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
Michindoh Conference Center And Camp-Hillsdale, Hillsdale
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110022916068 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
Finishing Touch Inc, Litchfield
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000767607 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.8
Metaldyne Powertrain Components, Inc., Litchfield
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110017404600 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.8
Tenneco Automotive, Inc.-Litchfield, Litchfield
Large hazardous waste generator.
EPA FRS registry ID 110008058528 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.5
Michigan South Central Power Agency - Endicott Generating Station, Litchfield
Major air pollution source.
EPA FRS registry ID 110017431162 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.5
Hillsdale Board Of Public Utilities (B7536), Hillsdale
Major air pollution source.
EPA FRS registry ID 110040852538 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.5
Finishing Touch Inc, Litchfield
Air permit holder (minor source).
EPA FRS registry ID 110000767607 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.3
Metaldyne Powertrain Components, Inc., Litchfield
Air permit holder (minor source).
EPA FRS registry ID 110017404600 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.3
The Dow Chemical Company, Hillsdale
Large hazardous waste generator.
EPA FRS registry ID 110041963257 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.3

Correctional facilities

Prisons, jails and corrections operations with an EPA facility record, and the drinking water and wastewater compliance attached to them.

No correctional facility with an EPA record is located in this county.

Discovery / public records

Records to request for Hillsdale County

Michigan state cancer registry
Cancer incidence counts by census tract or ZIP code, by cancer type and year (de-identified). Any cancer cluster inquiries or investigations in Hillsdale County, and their findings.
Michigan vital statistics office
Death certificate counts by cause of death and residence tract or ZIP code, and the years behind the mortality measures above.
Michigan health department, environmental epidemiology
Health consultations or assessments by ATSDR or the state health department covering the county, and any exposure investigations.
Michigan environmental agency and the U.S. EPA regional office
Compliance history, inspection reports, notices of violation, penalties and enforcement actions for each facility above, cited by EPA FRS registry ID.
Michigan drinking water program
Violation notices, sampling results and sanitary surveys for the public water systems serving the county, including any system serving a correctional facility.
Department of corrections or county sheriff
Water testing, grievances and environmental health inspections for the correctional facilities listed above.

Each Envyrofax address report includes a printable records request worksheet with the custodian and the exact request wording per finding.

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