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Montgomery County, Maryland: environmental and disease records

Cancer mortality in Montgomery County is 103.7 deaths per 100,000 people per year against a U.S. rate of 143.2. Federal databases place 2,651 regulated facilities, sites and hazards inside the county, led by Air permit holder (minor source) (1,434), NPDES wastewater discharge permit (342), Small hazardous waste generator (209). One correctional facility operates in the county. EPA AirToxScreen estimates a lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics of 40 in a million, driven mainly by formaldehyde.

Rates are age-adjusted per 100,000 people. A cancer signal is marked significant when the lower bound of its 95 percent confidence interval is above the U.S. rate. Facility counts use active federal records located inside the county boundary. Approximate county center: 39.1437, -77.2392.

How this county ranks in Maryland

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Cancer deaths and new cases versus the United States

Source: NCI and CDC State Cancer Profiles, both sexes, all ages. Sorted by the ratio of the county rate to the U.S. rate.

Cancer rates for Montgomery County compared with the United States
CancerMeasureCounty rateU.S. rateTimes U.S.95% intervalYears
StomachDeaths3.12.71.15x2.7 to 3.52020-2024
ThyroidNew cases14.7131.13xSignificant13.7 to 15.72019-2023
Childhood cancer (under 15)New cases18.416.41.12x15.8 to 21.32019-2023
StomachNew cases7.46.61.12xSignificant6.8 to 8.12019-2023
Non-Hodgkin lymphomaNew cases18.918.51.02x17.8 to 202019-2023
Brain & nervous systemNew cases6.16.20.98x5.5 to 6.72019-2023
Melanoma of the skinNew cases22.923.80.96x21.7 to 24.12019-2023
LeukemiaNew cases13.714.50.94x12.8 to 14.72019-2023
All cancerNew cases408.4453.40.9x403.4 to 413.42019-2023
Brain & nervous systemDeaths3.84.40.86x3.3 to 4.32020-2024
Non-Hodgkin lymphomaDeaths4.14.80.85x3.7 to 4.72020-2024
LeukemiaDeaths4.85.70.84x4.2 to 5.32020-2024
PancreasNew cases11.613.90.83x10.8 to 12.42019-2023
PancreasDeaths9.211.30.81x8.5 to 9.92020-2024
ThyroidDeaths0.40.50.8x0.3 to 0.62020-2024
BladderNew cases14.718.70.79x13.8 to 15.72019-2023
BladderDeaths3.14.10.76x2.7 to 3.52020-2024
All cancerDeaths103.7143.20.72x101.3 to 106.22020-2024
Liver & bile ductNew cases68.70.69x5.4 to 6.62019-2023
Kidney & renal pelvisDeaths2.33.40.68x2 to 2.72020-2024
Liver & bile ductDeaths4.46.60.67x3.9 to 52020-2024
Kidney & renal pelvisNew cases11.617.90.65x10.7 to 12.42019-2023
Melanoma of the skinDeaths1.220.6x0.9 to 1.52020-2024
Lung & bronchusNew cases29.151.80.56x27.8 to 30.52019-2023
Lung & bronchusDeaths15.930.20.53x14.9 to 16.82020-2024
EsophagusDeaths1.93.70.51x1.6 to 2.32020-2024
EsophagusNew cases2.34.60.5x2 to 2.72019-2023

Mortality measures versus the U.S. county median

Source: County Health Rankings, built from CDC National Vital Statistics System death records. The comparison value is the median of all U.S. counties.

Mortality measures for Montgomery County
MeasureCountyU.S. medianDifferenceUnit
Premature death4,785.39,842.6-51%years of life lost before age 75 per 100,000
Life expectancy83.275.3+11%years
Child mortality35.759.8-40%deaths under age 18 per 100,000
Infant mortality4.86.2-23%deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births
Injury deaths47.196.9-51%deaths per 100,000
Drug overdose deaths14.228.6-50%deaths per 100,000

Air toxics and air quality

EPA AirToxScreen 2020

Lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics: 40 in a million. EPA treats 100 in a million as the upper end of acceptable risk and 1 in a million as the goal.

  • Formaldehyde21.98 per million
  • Carbon Tetrachloride2.97 per million
  • Acetaldehyde2.27 per million
  • Benzene2.17 per million

EPA Air Quality Index 2025

Monitored on 360 days: 299 good, 0 unhealthy for sensitive groups or worse. Median AQI 39, peak 90.

Regulated facilities, sites and hazards by type

2,651 active records inside the county from EPA ECHO, TRI, Superfund, Brownfields, NPDES, EIA, FAA, FRA and corrections data.

  • Air permit holder (minor source)1,434
  • NPDES wastewater discharge permit342
  • Small hazardous waste generator209
  • Gas station (mapped facility)195
  • Auto repair or body shop (mapped facility)136
  • Large hazardous waste generator83
  • Industrial wastewater discharge77
  • Dry cleaner (mapped facility)58
  • Rail grade crossing32
  • Hazardous waste transporter21
  • Major air pollution source10
  • Toxic chemical release facility (TRI)10
  • Heliport7
  • TRI reporting facility7
  • Large greenhouse gas emitter5
  • Wastewater plant (mapped facility)5
  • Solar power plant4
  • Gas power plant3
  • Brownfield property2
  • Landfill (mapped facility)2
  • Biomass power plant2
  • Scrapyard (mapped facility)2
  • EPA air quality monitor1
  • Public airport1
  • Commercial airport1
  • Correctional facility (prison or jail)1
  • Crematorium (mapped facility)1

Highest-severity records

The 25 records with the highest Envyrofax severity in the county, with the agency identifier to cite in a records request.

  1. Uniformed Service University Of Health Sciences/Cnrm, Bethesda

    Large hazardous waste generator. Penalties $289,276.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110045545576 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 7

  2. Naval Support Activity Bethesda, Bethesda

    Major air pollution source. Penalties $5,000.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000796121 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 6.8

  3. Us Public Health Service National Institutes Of Health, Bethesda

    TRI reporting facility.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000869720 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 6.8

  4. Montgomery County Resource Recovery Facility, Dickerson

    Major air pollution source.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000545768 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 6.5

  5. Naval Support Activity Bethesda, Bethesda

    Large hazardous waste generator. Penalties $5,000.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000796121 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 6.3

  6. Naval Support Activity Bethesda, Bethesda

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $5,000.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000796121 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 6.3

  7. Us Public Health Service National Institutes Of Health, Bethesda

    Major air pollution source.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000869720 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 6.3

  8. Wabtec Railway Electronics, Germantown

    Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Lead And Lead Compounds, Lead. Reports carcinogens. 115 lbs released over 5 years.

    TRI facility ID 20876WBTCR21200 (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

    Severity 6.1

  9. Genon Mid Atlantic Llc Dickerson Generating Station, Dickerson

    Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Sulfuric acid (acid aerosols including mists, vapors, gas, fog, and other airborne forms of any particle size), Hydrochloric acid (acid aerosols including mists, vapors, gas, fog, and other airborne forms of any particle size), Lead And Lead Compounds, Mercury compounds. 8,422 lbs released over 5 years.

    TRI facility ID 20842DCKRS21200 (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

    Severity 6

  10. Montgomery County Resource Recovery Facility, Dickerson

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000545768 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 6

  11. Seneca Wastewater Treatment Plant, Germantown

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000548006 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 6

  12. Us Public Health Service National Institutes Of Health, Bethesda

    Large hazardous waste generator.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000869720 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 5.8

  13. Us Public Health Service National Institutes Of Health, Bethesda

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000869720 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 5.8

  14. Montgomery County Resource Recovery Facility, Dickerson

    Large greenhouse gas emitter.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000545768 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 5.5

  15. Potomac Water Filtration Plant, Potomac

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $464,800.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000576797 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 5.5

  16. Poolesville Wwtp, Poolesville

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $1,820.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110006629032 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 5.5

  17. Rockville Ready Mix Concrete, Rockville

    Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Nitrate compounds (water dissociable; reportable only when in aqueous solution), Mercury compounds, Lead compounds. 958 lbs released over 5 years.

    TRI facility ID 20850RCKVL13900 (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

    Severity 5.3

  18. Us Public Health Service National Institutes Of Health, Bethesda

    Large greenhouse gas emitter.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000869720 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 5.3

  19. Potomac Water Filtration Plant, Potomac

    Air permit holder (minor source). Penalties $464,800.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000576797 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 5

  20. Webtec Railway Electronics, Germantown

    TRI reporting facility.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110012707838 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 4.9

  21. Schuster Concrete Ready Mix Llc-Southlawn Ln, Rockville

    Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Lead, Nitrate compounds (water dissociable; reportable only when in aqueous solution), Nickel compounds, Chromium compounds (except for chromite ore mined in the Transvaal Region). Reports carcinogens.

    TRI facility ID 2085WSCHST15121 (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

    Severity 4.6

  22. Rockville Fuel And Feed, Rockville

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110001254963 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 4.5

  23. Nrg -- Westland Flyash Site, Dickerson

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110006629194 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 4.5

  24. Wssc Damascus Wrrf, Gaithersburg

    NPDES wastewater discharge permit.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110022381518 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 4.5

  25. Neutron Products Inc., Dickerson

    Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Acrylic acid, Acrylamide. Reports carcinogens.

    TRI facility ID 20842NTRNP22301 (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

    Severity 4.5

Correctional facilities

Prisons, jails and corrections operations with an EPA facility record, and the drinking water and wastewater compliance attached to them.

Discovery / public records

Records to request for Montgomery County

  • Maryland state cancer registry

    Cancer incidence counts by census tract or ZIP code, by cancer type and year (de-identified). Any cancer cluster inquiries or investigations in Montgomery County, and their findings.

  • Maryland vital statistics office

    Death certificate counts by cause of death and residence tract or ZIP code, and the years behind the mortality measures above.

  • Maryland health department, environmental epidemiology

    Health consultations or assessments by ATSDR or the state health department covering the county, and any exposure investigations.

  • Maryland environmental agency and the U.S. EPA regional office

    Compliance history, inspection reports, notices of violation, penalties and enforcement actions for each facility above, cited by EPA FRS registry ID.

  • Maryland drinking water program

    Violation notices, sampling results and sanitary surveys for the public water systems serving the county, including any system serving a correctional facility.

  • Department of corrections or county sheriff

    Water testing, grievances and environmental health inspections for the correctional facilities listed above.

Each Envyrofax address report includes a printable records request worksheet with the custodian and the exact request wording per finding.

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