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Canyon County, Idaho: environmental and disease records

Cancer mortality in Canyon County is 145 deaths per 100,000 people per year against a U.S. rate of 143.2. The strongest disease signals are Leukemia deaths at 1.3 times the U.S. rate. Federal databases place 1,824 regulated facilities, sites and hazards inside the county, led by Industrial wastewater discharge (850), NPDES wastewater discharge permit (465), Rail grade crossing (141). EPA AirToxScreen estimates a lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics of 40 in a million, driven mainly by formaldehyde.

Rates are age-adjusted per 100,000 people. A cancer signal is marked significant when the lower bound of its 95 percent confidence interval is above the U.S. rate. Facility counts use active federal records located inside the county boundary. Approximate county center: 43.5852, -116.6525.

How this county ranks in Idaho

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Cancer deaths and new cases versus the United States

Source: NCI and CDC State Cancer Profiles, both sexes, all ages. Sorted by the ratio of the county rate to the U.S. rate.

Cancer rates for Canyon County compared with the United States
Cancer	Measure	County rate	U.S. rate	Times U.S.	95% interval	Years
Melanoma of the skin	Deaths	2.8	2	1.4x	1.9 to 3.9	2020-2024
Kidney & renal pelvis	New cases	24	17.9	1.34xSignificant	21.3 to 26.9	2019-2023
Leukemia	Deaths	7.5	5.7	1.32xSignificant	6 to 9.2	2020-2024
Leukemia	New cases	18.9	14.5	1.3xSignificant	16.5 to 21.5	2019-2023
Kidney & renal pelvis	Deaths	4.3	3.4	1.26x	3.2 to 5.6	2020-2024
Melanoma of the skin	New cases	30	23.8	1.26xSignificant	27 to 33.3	2019-2023
Bladder	New cases	23.3	18.7	1.25xSignificant	20.7 to 26.2	2019-2023
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	Deaths	5.7	4.8	1.19x	4.5 to 7.2	2020-2024
Liver & bile duct	New cases	10.1	8.7	1.16x	8.4 to 12	2019-2023
Liver & bile duct	Deaths	7.6	6.6	1.15x	6.2 to 9.2	2020-2024
Pancreas	New cases	15.6	13.9	1.12x	13.5 to 18	2019-2023
Brain & nervous system	New cases	6.9	6.2	1.11x	5.5 to 8.5	2019-2023
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	New cases	20.1	18.5	1.09x	17.7 to 22.8	2019-2023
All cancer	New cases	484.9	453.4	1.07xSignificant	472.8 to 497.3	2019-2023
Pancreas	Deaths	11.7	11.3	1.04x	9.9 to 13.7	2020-2024
Stomach	New cases	6.8	6.6	1.03x	5.4 to 8.5	2019-2023
Bladder	Deaths	4.2	4.1	1.02x	3.2 to 5.6	2020-2024
Lung & bronchus	New cases	52.5	51.8	1.01x	48.6 to 56.7	2019-2023
All cancer	Deaths	145	143.2	1.01x	138.4 to 151.8	2020-2024
Esophagus	Deaths	3.6	3.7	0.97x	2.6 to 4.7	2020-2024
Stomach	Deaths	2.6	2.7	0.96x	1.7 to 3.7	2020-2024
Childhood cancer (under 15)	New cases	15.3	16.4	0.93x	11 to 20.7	2019-2023
Brain & nervous system	Deaths	4.1	4.4	0.93x	3.1 to 5.3	2020-2024
Lung & bronchus	Deaths	27	30.2	0.89x	24.3 to 30	2020-2024
Esophagus	New cases	3.6	4.6	0.78x	2.7 to 4.8	2019-2023
Thyroid	New cases	10	13	0.77x	8.2 to 12	2019-2023

Mortality measures versus the U.S. county median

Source: County Health Rankings, built from CDC National Vital Statistics System death records. The comparison value is the median of all U.S. counties.

Mortality measures for Canyon County
Measure	County	U.S. median	Difference	Unit
Premature death	7,365.6	9,842.6	-25%	years of life lost before age 75 per 100,000
Life expectancy	77.4	75.3	+3%	years
Child mortality	49.4	59.8	-17%	deaths under age 18 per 100,000
Infant mortality	5	6.2	-19%	deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births
Injury deaths	71.5	96.9	-26%	deaths per 100,000
Drug overdose deaths	16.8	28.6	-41%	deaths per 100,000

Air toxics and air quality

EPA AirToxScreen 2020

Lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics: 40 in a million. EPA treats 100 in a million as the upper end of acceptable risk and 1 in a million as the goal.

Formaldehyde22.36 per million
Naphthalene6.63 per million
Acetaldehyde3.71 per million
Benzene3.02 per million

EPA Air Quality Index 2025

Monitored on 363 days: 280 good, 0 unhealthy for sensitive groups or worse. Median AQI 36, peak 91.

Regulated facilities, sites and hazards by type

1,824 active records inside the county from EPA ECHO, TRI, Superfund, Brownfields, NPDES, EIA, FAA, FRA and corrections data.

Industrial wastewater discharge850
NPDES wastewater discharge permit465
Rail grade crossing141
Air permit holder (minor source)123
Gas station (mapped facility)63
Auto repair or body shop (mapped facility)41
Brownfield property32
Small hazardous waste generator25
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI)24
TRI reporting facility22
Public airport9
Large greenhouse gas emitter5
Major air pollution source4
Scrapyard (mapped facility)4
Large hazardous waste generator3
Commercial airport2
Dry cleaner (mapped facility)2
Heliport2
Wastewater plant (mapped facility)2
EPA air quality monitor1
Hazardous waste transporter1
Landfill (mapped facility)1
Hydroelectric plant1
Gas power plant1

Highest-severity records

The 25 records with the highest Envyrofax severity in the county, with the agency identifier to cite in a records request.

Best Bath Systems, Caldwell
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Styrene, Methyl methacrylate. Reports carcinogens. 749,592 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 8360WBSTBT723GA (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 9
Amalgamated Sugar Co Nampa, Nampa
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Ammonia, Methanol. 3,321,239 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 83651MLGMTPOBOX (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 8
Simplot U.S. Food Group Holdings Llc, Caldwell
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Nitrate compounds (water dissociable; reportable only when in aqueous solution), Ammonia, Hydrogen sulfide, Zinc compounds and 1 more. 1,292,127 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 83606JRSMPHWY19 (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 7.7
Icco Middelton, Caldwell
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Nitrate compounds (water dissociable; reportable only when in aqueous solution), Lead, Mercury. Reports carcinogens. 10,846 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 83605CCMDD2125M (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 7.6
Cti Foods - Wilder, Wilder
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Ammonia. 80,144 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 83676SSFDS22303 (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 6.8
The Amalgamated Sugar Co - Nampa Facility, Nampa
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000468609 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 6.7
Big Tex Trailer Manufacturing Inc-Caldwell, Caldwell
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Manganese, Chromium, Copper, Nickel. Reports carcinogens. 488 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 8360WCRCLJ312SI (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 6.6
Simplot Western Stockmen'S, Caldwell
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Zinc compounds, Manganese And Manganese Compounds, Manganese compounds, Copper And Copper Compounds and 4 more. Reports carcinogens. 409 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 83605WSTRN223RD (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 6.5
Fleetwood Homes, Nampa
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110001806083 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 6.5
Sorrento Lactalis, Nampa
Large greenhouse gas emitter. Penalties $5,800.
EPA FRS registry ID 110001807037 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 6.5
J R Simplot Company, Caldwell
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110007513869 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 6.5
Sorrento Lactalis Inc., Nampa
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Nitrate compounds (water dissociable; reportable only when in aqueous solution), Nitric acid, Peracetic acid. 28,264 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 83653SMPLT4912E (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 6.4
Best Bath Systems, Caldwell
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110041890601 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 6.4
Oldcastle Infrastructure & Idaho Sand & Gravel, Nampa
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Polycyclic aromatic compounds, Lead compounds, Lead And Lead Compounds, Mercury compounds and 3 more. Reports carcinogens. 231 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 83687MCRPR16419 (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 6.3
J R Simplot Caldwell, Caldwell
Major air pollution source. Penalties $22,200.
EPA FRS registry ID 110067203065 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 6.3
Simplot Western Stockmens Store And Mill, Caldwell
TRI reporting facility. Penalties $1,688.
EPA FRS registry ID 110001756662 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 6.1
Darigold-Caldwell, Caldwell
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Nitric acid, Nitrate compounds (water dissociable; reportable only when in aqueous solution), Chromium and Chromium Compounds(except for chromite ore mined in the Transvaal Region), Nickel And Nickel Compounds. Reports carcinogens. 100 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 83606DRYMN520AL (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 6
Icco Middelton, Caldwell
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110025317477 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 5.8
J R Simplot Caldwell, Caldwell
NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $22,200.
EPA FRS registry ID 110067203065 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 5.8
Dz Grinders Llc, Caldwell
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Manganese, Chromium, Nickel. Reports carcinogens. 38 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 8360WDZGRN11299 (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 5.7
Darigold Caldwell Facility, Caldwell
TRI reporting facility. Penalties $636,000.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000468556 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 5.6
Sorrento Lactalis, Nampa
NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $5,800.
EPA FRS registry ID 110001807037 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 5.5
Parma Wwtp, Parma
NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $669,000.
EPA FRS registry ID 110010027210 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 5.5
Idaho Asphalt Supply Inc Nampa Plant, Nampa
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Polycyclic aromatic compounds, Naphthalene, Benzo[g,h,i]perylene, Lead. Reports carcinogens. 16 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 83687DHSPH8NSUG (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 5.4
301931-Stephens #2 (Nampa), Nampa
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Nitrate compounds (water dissociable; reportable only when in aqueous solution), Lead And Lead Compounds, Mercury And Mercury Compounds. 1,076 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 8368WSTPHN1775M (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 5.3

Correctional facilities

Prisons, jails and corrections operations with an EPA facility record, and the drinking water and wastewater compliance attached to them.

No correctional facility with an EPA record is located in this county.

Discovery / public records

Records to request for Canyon County

Idaho state cancer registry
Cancer incidence counts by census tract or ZIP code, by cancer type and year (de-identified). Any cancer cluster inquiries or investigations in Canyon County, and their findings.
Idaho vital statistics office
Death certificate counts by cause of death and residence tract or ZIP code, and the years behind the mortality measures above.
Idaho health department, environmental epidemiology
Health consultations or assessments by ATSDR or the state health department covering the county, and any exposure investigations.
Idaho environmental agency and the U.S. EPA regional office
Compliance history, inspection reports, notices of violation, penalties and enforcement actions for each facility above, cited by EPA FRS registry ID.
Idaho drinking water program
Violation notices, sampling results and sanitary surveys for the public water systems serving the county, including any system serving a correctional facility.
Department of corrections or county sheriff
Water testing, grievances and environmental health inspections for the correctional facilities listed above.

Each Envyrofax address report includes a printable records request worksheet with the custodian and the exact request wording per finding.

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