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Boise County, Idaho: environmental and disease records

Cancer mortality in Boise County is 102.2 deaths per 100,000 people per year against a U.S. rate of 143.2. Federal databases place 162 regulated facilities, sites and hazards inside the county, led by Industrial wastewater discharge (79), NPDES wastewater discharge permit (42), Rail grade crossing (19). EPA AirToxScreen estimates a lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics of 20 in a million, driven mainly by formaldehyde.

Rates are age-adjusted per 100,000 people. A cancer signal is marked significant when the lower bound of its 95 percent confidence interval is above the U.S. rate. Facility counts use active federal records located inside the county boundary. Approximate county center: 43.9694, -115.7714.

How this county ranks in Idaho

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Cancer deaths and new cases versus the United States

Source: NCI and CDC State Cancer Profiles, both sexes, all ages. Sorted by the ratio of the county rate to the U.S. rate.

Cancer rates for Boise County compared with the United States
Cancer	Measure	County rate	U.S. rate	Times U.S.	95% interval	Years
Leukemia	New cases	26	14.5	1.79x	14.4 to 45.5	2019-2023
Bladder	New cases	29.6	18.7	1.58x	17.6 to 49.2	2019-2023
Melanoma of the skin	New cases	28.7	23.8	1.21x	17.5 to 47.4	2019-2023
All cancer	New cases	436.1	453.4	0.96x	382.7 to 496.3	2019-2023
All cancer	Deaths	102.2	143.2	0.71x	77.5 to 133.9	2020-2024
Lung & bronchus	New cases	33.5	51.8	0.65x	21.1 to 53.2	2019-2023

Mortality measures versus the U.S. county median

Source: County Health Rankings, built from CDC National Vital Statistics System death records. The comparison value is the median of all U.S. counties.

Mortality measures for Boise County
Measure	County	U.S. median	Difference	Unit
Premature death	11,447.3	9,842.6	+16%	years of life lost before age 75 per 100,000
Life expectancy	79.1	75.3	+5%	years
Child mortality	n/a	59.8	n/a	deaths under age 18 per 100,000
Infant mortality	n/a	6.2	n/a	deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births
Injury deaths	132.6	96.9	+37%	deaths per 100,000
Drug overdose deaths	n/a	28.6	n/a	deaths per 100,000

Air toxics and air quality

EPA AirToxScreen 2020

Lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics: 20 in a million. EPA treats 100 in a million as the upper end of acceptable risk and 1 in a million as the goal.

Formaldehyde12.41 per million
Carbon Tetrachloride2.6 per million
Acetaldehyde1.38 per million
Pahpom0.93 per million

EPA Air Quality Index 2025

Monitored on 365 days: 257 good, 1 unhealthy for sensitive groups or worse. Median AQI 42, peak 135.

Regulated facilities, sites and hazards by type

162 active records inside the county from EPA ECHO, TRI, Superfund, Brownfields, NPDES, EIA, FAA, FRA and corrections data.

Industrial wastewater discharge79
NPDES wastewater discharge permit42
Rail grade crossing19
Public airport8
Gas station (mapped facility)5
EPA air quality monitor2
Brownfield property2
Heliport2
Air permit holder (minor source)1
Hydroelectric plant1
Wastewater plant (mapped facility)1

Highest-severity records

The 25 records with the highest Envyrofax severity in the county, with the agency identifier to cite in a records request.

Wilderness Ranch Water Treatment Facilities, Boise
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110028073723 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.5
Horseshoe Bend Wwtp, Horseshoe Bend
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110039969399 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.5
Bogus Basin Recreation Area, Horseshoe Bend
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110010753087 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.3
Garden Valley High School, Garden Valley
Air permit holder (minor source).
EPA FRS registry ID 110041890585 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.8
Addies Restaurant, Boise
Brownfield property.
EPA FRS registry ID 110038702758 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record
Severity 3
Boise Cascade Hanson Lease, Horseshoe Bend
Brownfield property.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071968142 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record
Severity 3
Jason Runser - Suction Dredge, Unknown
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110070248952 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3
David Herring - Suction Dredge, Bosie
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110070252522 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3
Don Clark - Suction Dredge, Unknown
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110070567508 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3
Cody Karst - Shoshone County Parcel Rp0321300005c0a, Pinehurst
NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $14,000.
EPA FRS registry ID 110070884683 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2.5
Abe Dibben - Suction Dredge, Unknown
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071864088 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2.5
Robert Walker - Suction Dredge, Unknown
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071995013 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2.3
Weilmunster Pit, Garden Valley
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110072001336 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2.3
Trent Starkey, Unknown
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110070794496 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2
Tina Sapp - Suction Dredge, Unknown
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071275080 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2
Todd E. Holsclaw, Unknown
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071526327 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2
Warm Springs Creek, Lowman
Public airport. O.
Record ID 0U1 (FAA / U.S. DOT)
Severity 2
Garden Valley, Garden Valley
Public airport. O.
Record ID U88 (FAA / U.S. DOT)
Severity 2
Idaho City Usfs, Idaho City
Public airport. O.
Record ID U98 (FAA / U.S. DOT)
Severity 2
Wastewater Plant
Wastewater plant (mapped facility). Mapped facility presence only; no compliance or exposure measurements.
Record ID way/507587130 (OpenStreetMap contributors) Agency record
Severity 2
Avimor Subdivision - Boise County, Boise
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110070840114 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.8
Downhill, Llc, Garden Valley
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071240778 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.8
Fry Pit, Horseshoe Bend
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110072105724 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.8
Deer Valley Subdivision No1, Horseshoe Bend
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071335635 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.5
Saratoga Apartments, Boise
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071364276 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.5

Correctional facilities

Prisons, jails and corrections operations with an EPA facility record, and the drinking water and wastewater compliance attached to them.

No correctional facility with an EPA record is located in this county.

Discovery / public records

Records to request for Boise County

Idaho state cancer registry
Cancer incidence counts by census tract or ZIP code, by cancer type and year (de-identified). Any cancer cluster inquiries or investigations in Boise County, and their findings.
Idaho vital statistics office
Death certificate counts by cause of death and residence tract or ZIP code, and the years behind the mortality measures above.
Idaho health department, environmental epidemiology
Health consultations or assessments by ATSDR or the state health department covering the county, and any exposure investigations.
Idaho environmental agency and the U.S. EPA regional office
Compliance history, inspection reports, notices of violation, penalties and enforcement actions for each facility above, cited by EPA FRS registry ID.
Idaho drinking water program
Violation notices, sampling results and sanitary surveys for the public water systems serving the county, including any system serving a correctional facility.
Department of corrections or county sheriff
Water testing, grievances and environmental health inspections for the correctional facilities listed above.

Each Envyrofax address report includes a printable records request worksheet with the custodian and the exact request wording per finding.

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