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Madison County, Iowa: environmental and disease records

Cancer mortality in Madison County is 167.7 deaths per 100,000 people per year against a U.S. rate of 143.2, a statistically significant excess. Federal databases place 76 regulated facilities, sites and hazards inside the county, led by Air permit holder (minor source) (22), Rail grade crossing (15), Industrial wastewater discharge (12). EPA AirToxScreen estimates a lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics of 20 in a million, driven mainly by formaldehyde.

Rates are age-adjusted per 100,000 people. A cancer signal is marked significant when the lower bound of its 95 percent confidence interval is above the U.S. rate. Facility counts use active federal records located inside the county boundary. Approximate county center: 41.3333, -94.0158.

How this county ranks in Iowa

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Cancer deaths and new cases versus the United States

Source: NCI and CDC State Cancer Profiles, both sexes, all ages. Sorted by the ratio of the county rate to the U.S. rate.

Cancer rates for Madison County compared with the United States
Cancer	Measure	County rate	U.S. rate	Times U.S.	95% interval	Years
Melanoma of the skin	New cases	37.9	23.8	1.59xSignificant	27 to 52.1	2019-2023
Leukemia	New cases	22.8	14.5	1.57x	14.1 to 35.2	2019-2023
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	New cases	26.4	18.5	1.43x	17.2 to 39	2019-2023
Lung & bronchus	New cases	61.9	51.8	1.19x	47.9 to 79	2019-2023
All cancer	New cases	536.4	453.4	1.18xSignificant	492 to 583.9	2019-2023
Kidney & renal pelvis	New cases	21.1	17.9	1.18x	13.2 to 32.4	2019-2023
All cancer	Deaths	167.7	143.2	1.17xSignificant	143.9 to 194.5	2020-2024
Bladder	New cases	21.3	18.7	1.14x	13.6 to 32.3	2019-2023
Lung & bronchus	Deaths	32.7	30.2	1.08x	22.9 to 45.7	2020-2024

Mortality measures versus the U.S. county median

Source: County Health Rankings, built from CDC National Vital Statistics System death records. The comparison value is the median of all U.S. counties.

Mortality measures for Madison County
Measure	County	U.S. median	Difference	Unit
Premature death	6,015.1	9,842.6	-39%	years of life lost before age 75 per 100,000
Life expectancy	78.8	75.3	+5%	years
Child mortality	61	59.8	+2%	deaths under age 18 per 100,000
Infant mortality	n/a	6.2	n/a	deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births
Injury deaths	82	96.9	-15%	deaths per 100,000
Drug overdose deaths	n/a	28.6	n/a	deaths per 100,000

Air toxics and air quality

EPA AirToxScreen 2020

Lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics: 20 in a million. EPA treats 100 in a million as the upper end of acceptable risk and 1 in a million as the goal.

Formaldehyde15.5 per million
Carbon Tetrachloride2.93 per million
Acetaldehyde1.38 per million
Benzene0.73 per million

EPA Air Quality Index

No EPA air quality monitor reports daily AQI for this county.

Regulated facilities, sites and hazards by type

76 active records inside the county from EPA ECHO, TRI, Superfund, Brownfields, NPDES, EIA, FAA, FRA and corrections data.

Air permit holder (minor source)22
Rail grade crossing15
Industrial wastewater discharge12
Gas station (mapped facility)10
NPDES wastewater discharge permit10
Public airport3
Major air pollution source1
Oil-fired power plant1
Wind power plant1
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI)1

Highest-severity records

The 25 records with the highest Envyrofax severity in the county, with the agency identifier to cite in a records request.

Central Iowa Ready Mix, Winterset
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Lead. Reports carcinogens. 477 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 5027WMRCNC115N8 (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 6.6
Winterset City Of Stp, Winterset
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110002039954 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 5.5
Winterset, Winterset
Oil-fired power plant.
Record ID 1203 (U.S. Energy Information Administration)
Severity 4
Osmium Data Center, West Des Moines
Major air pollution source.
EPA FRS registry ID 110070616781 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
Earlham City Of Stp, Earlham
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110010035684 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.5
Earlham City Of Stp, Earlham
Industrial wastewater discharge. No Violation Identified.
NPDES permit IA0027421: (U.S. EPA NPDES)
Severity 2.7
Truro City Of Stp, Truro
Industrial wastewater discharge. No Violation Identified.
NPDES permit IA0040991: (U.S. EPA NPDES)
Severity 2.5
Winterset Muni, Winterset
Public airport. O.
Record ID 3Y3 (FAA / U.S. DOT)
Severity 2
Patterson City Of Stp, Patterson
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110010032222 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.8
Winterset Water Treatment Plant, Winterset
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110013217580 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.8
East Peru City Of Stp (Warren Water District), Peru
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110036169641 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.8
Macksburg, City Of Stp, Macksburg
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110036170461 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.8
Truro City Of Stp, Truro
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071711371 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.8
St Charles City Of Stp, St Charles
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110010033828 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.5
City Of Winterset, Winterset
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110070001886 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.5
Wildwood Hills Ranch, Saint Charles
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110070032184 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.5
Private Road, De Soto
Rail grade crossing.
Record ID 603355T (Federal Railroad Administration)
Severity 1.3
Kiowa Ave, De Soto
Rail grade crossing.
Record ID 603356A (Federal Railroad Administration)
Severity 1.3
Ivy Ave, Earlham
Rail grade crossing.
Record ID 603357G (Federal Railroad Administration)
Severity 1.3
Heritage Ave, Earlham
Rail grade crossing.
Record ID 603358N (Federal Railroad Administration)
Severity 1.3
Walnut Ave, Earlham
Rail grade crossing.
Record ID 603361W (Federal Railroad Administration)
Severity 1.3
Private Road, Earlham
Rail grade crossing.
Record ID 603362D (Federal Railroad Administration)
Severity 1.3
Private Road, Earlham
Rail grade crossing.
Record ID 603363K (Federal Railroad Administration)
Severity 1.3
105th St, Earlham
Rail grade crossing.
Record ID 603364S (Federal Railroad Administration)
Severity 1.3
Private Road, Earlham
Rail grade crossing.
Record ID 603365Y (Federal Railroad Administration)
Severity 1.3

Correctional facilities

Prisons, jails and corrections operations with an EPA facility record, and the drinking water and wastewater compliance attached to them.

No correctional facility with an EPA record is located in this county.

Discovery / public records

Records to request for Madison County

Iowa state cancer registry
Cancer incidence counts by census tract or ZIP code, by cancer type and year (de-identified). Any cancer cluster inquiries or investigations in Madison County, and their findings.
Iowa vital statistics office
Death certificate counts by cause of death and residence tract or ZIP code, and the years behind the mortality measures above.
Iowa health department, environmental epidemiology
Health consultations or assessments by ATSDR or the state health department covering the county, and any exposure investigations.
Iowa environmental agency and the U.S. EPA regional office
Compliance history, inspection reports, notices of violation, penalties and enforcement actions for each facility above, cited by EPA FRS registry ID.
Iowa drinking water program
Violation notices, sampling results and sanitary surveys for the public water systems serving the county, including any system serving a correctional facility.
Department of corrections or county sheriff
Water testing, grievances and environmental health inspections for the correctional facilities listed above.

Each Envyrofax address report includes a printable records request worksheet with the custodian and the exact request wording per finding.

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