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Honolulu County, Hawaii: environmental and disease records
Cancer mortality in Honolulu County is 116 deaths per 100,000 people per year against a U.S. rate of 143.2. The strongest disease signals are Stomach deaths at 1.2 times the U.S. rate and Liver & bile duct deaths at 1.1 times the U.S. rate. Federal databases place 5,335 regulated facilities, sites and hazards inside the county, led by Industrial wastewater discharge (3,304), NPDES wastewater discharge permit (1,238), Brownfield property (173). 6 correctional facilities operate in the county, at least one with health-based drinking water violations on record. EPA AirToxScreen estimates a lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics of 20 in a million, driven mainly by formaldehyde.
Rates are age-adjusted per 100,000 people. A cancer signal is marked significant when the lower bound of its 95 percent confidence interval is above the U.S. rate. Facility counts use active federal records located inside the county boundary. Approximate county center: 21.4836, -158.0368.
How this county ranks in Hawaii
Cancer deaths and new cases versus the United States
Source: NCI and CDC State Cancer Profiles, both sexes, all ages. Sorted by the ratio of the county rate to the U.S. rate.
| Cancer | Measure | County rate | U.S. rate | Times U.S. | 95% interval | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thyroid | Deaths | 0.7 | 0.5 | 1.4x | 0.5 to 0.9 | 2020-2024 |
| Stomach | New cases | 8.5 | 6.6 | 1.29xSignificant | 7.8 to 9.2 | 2019-2023 |
| Stomach | Deaths | 3.2 | 2.7 | 1.19xSignificant | 2.8 to 3.6 | 2020-2024 |
| Liver & bile duct | Deaths | 7.5 | 6.6 | 1.14xSignificant | 6.8 to 8.1 | 2020-2024 |
| Liver & bile duct | New cases | 9.8 | 8.7 | 1.13xSignificant | 9.1 to 10.6 | 2019-2023 |
| Thyroid | New cases | 14 | 13 | 1.08x | 13 to 15.1 | 2019-2023 |
| Pancreas | New cases | 13.1 | 13.9 | 0.94x | 12.3 to 14 | 2019-2023 |
| Pancreas | Deaths | 10.5 | 11.3 | 0.93x | 9.8 to 11.3 | 2020-2024 |
| All cancer | New cases | 412.5 | 453.4 | 0.91x | 407.4 to 417.6 | 2019-2023 |
| Childhood cancer (under 15) | New cases | 14.6 | 16.4 | 0.89x | 12.2 to 17.4 | 2019-2023 |
| Non-Hodgkin lymphoma | Deaths | 4 | 4.8 | 0.83x | 3.6 to 4.5 | 2020-2024 |
| Non-Hodgkin lymphoma | New cases | 15 | 18.5 | 0.81x | 14 to 16 | 2019-2023 |
| All cancer | Deaths | 116 | 143.2 | 0.81x | 113.5 to 118.6 | 2020-2024 |
| Kidney & renal pelvis | New cases | 14.4 | 17.9 | 0.8x | 13.5 to 15.4 | 2019-2023 |
| Esophagus | New cases | 3.7 | 4.6 | 0.8x | 3.2 to 4.2 | 2019-2023 |
| Melanoma of the skin | New cases | 19.1 | 23.8 | 0.8x | 18 to 20.2 | 2019-2023 |
| Kidney & renal pelvis | Deaths | 2.7 | 3.4 | 0.79x | 2.3 to 3.1 | 2020-2024 |
| Leukemia | Deaths | 4.3 | 5.7 | 0.75x | 3.8 to 4.8 | 2020-2024 |
| Lung & bronchus | New cases | 38.8 | 51.8 | 0.75x | 37.3 to 40.3 | 2019-2023 |
| Lung & bronchus | Deaths | 22 | 30.2 | 0.73x | 20.9 to 23.1 | 2020-2024 |
| Leukemia | New cases | 10.5 | 14.5 | 0.72x | 9.7 to 11.4 | 2019-2023 |
| Esophagus | Deaths | 2.6 | 3.7 | 0.7x | 2.2 to 3 | 2020-2024 |
| Bladder | New cases | 12.6 | 18.7 | 0.67x | 11.7 to 13.4 | 2019-2023 |
| Brain & nervous system | New cases | 3.9 | 6.2 | 0.63x | 3.4 to 4.5 | 2019-2023 |
| Melanoma of the skin | Deaths | 1.1 | 2 | 0.55x | 0.8 to 1.3 | 2020-2024 |
| Brain & nervous system | Deaths | 2.4 | 4.4 | 0.55x | 2 to 2.8 | 2020-2024 |
| Bladder | Deaths | 2 | 4.1 | 0.49x | 1.7 to 2.4 | 2020-2024 |
Mortality measures versus the U.S. county median
Source: County Health Rankings, built from CDC National Vital Statistics System death records. The comparison value is the median of all U.S. counties.
| Measure | County | U.S. median | Difference | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Premature death | 6,042.2 | 9,842.6 | -39% | years of life lost before age 75 per 100,000 |
| Life expectancy | 81.7 | 75.3 | +9% | years |
| Child mortality | 44.3 | 59.8 | -26% | deaths under age 18 per 100,000 |
| Infant mortality | 5.6 | 6.2 | -11% | deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births |
| Injury deaths | 62.1 | 96.9 | -36% | deaths per 100,000 |
| Drug overdose deaths | 19.7 | 28.6 | -31% | deaths per 100,000 |
Air toxics and air quality
EPA AirToxScreen 2020
Lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics: 20 in a million. EPA treats 100 in a million as the upper end of acceptable risk and 1 in a million as the goal.
- Formaldehyde10.15 per million
- Carbon Tetrachloride2.85 per million
- Benzene1.58 per million
- Naphthalene0.73 per million
EPA Air Quality Index 2025
Monitored on 365 days: 355 good, 0 unhealthy for sensitive groups or worse. Median AQI 29, peak 59.
Regulated facilities, sites and hazards by type
5,335 active records inside the county from EPA ECHO, TRI, Superfund, Brownfields, NPDES, EIA, FAA, FRA and corrections data.
- Industrial wastewater discharge3,304
- NPDES wastewater discharge permit1,238
- Brownfield property173
- Gas station (mapped facility)150
- Small hazardous waste generator114
- Auto repair or body shop (mapped facility)90
- Hazardous waste transporter54
- Major air pollution source33
- Air permit holder (minor source)32
- Toxic chemical release facility (TRI)23
- TRI reporting facility22
- Large hazardous waste generator18
- Solar power plant14
- Large greenhouse gas emitter10
- Wastewater plant (mapped facility)9
- Dry cleaner (mapped facility)7
- Heliport7
- Correctional facility (prison or jail)6
- Oil-fired power plant6
- Commercial airport5
- EPA air quality monitor4
- Scrapyard (mapped facility)4
- Biomass power plant3
- Wind power plant3
- Superfund (NPL) site3
- Landfill (mapped facility)1
- Battery storage plant1
- Coal power plant1
Highest-severity records
The 25 records with the highest Envyrofax severity in the county, with the agency identifier to cite in a records request.
- Severity 10
Par Hawaii Refining - Refinery, Kapolei
TRI reporting facility. Penalties $31,254,432.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000486322 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
- Severity 10
Naval Computer and Telecommunications Area Master Station Eastern Pacific, Oahu
Superfund (NPL) site. Hazard Ranking System score 50. NPL Site.
EPA site ID HI0170090054 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record
- Severity 10
Pearl Harbor Naval Complex, Pearl Harbor
Superfund (NPL) site. Hazard Ranking System score 70.8. NPL Site.
EPA site ID HI4170090076 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record
- Severity 10
Del Monte Corp. (Oahu Plantation), Honolulu County
Superfund (NPL) site. Hazard Ranking System score 50. NPL Site.
EPA site ID HID980637631 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record
- Severity 10
Hawaii Electric Co Waiau Power Plant, Pearl City
TRI reporting facility. Penalties $235,400.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000486420 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
- Severity 9.7
Ies Downstream, Llc - Kapolei Refinery Mm, Kapolei
TRI reporting facility. Penalties $182,200.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000486304 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
- Severity 9.5
Hawaiian Electric Co Inc Kahe Generating Station, Kapolei
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Sulfuric acid (acid aerosols including mists, vapors, gas, fog, and other airborne forms of any particle size), Ammonia, Nickel And Nickel Compounds, Nickel compounds and 4 more. Reports carcinogens. 3,137,252 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 96792KHGNR89900 (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
- Severity 9.4
Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam Hawaii, Jbphh
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Nitrate compounds (water dissociable; reportable only when in aqueous solution), Xylene (mixed isomers), Ethylbenzene, 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene and 3 more. Reports carcinogens. 2,294,145 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 96860PRLHR850TI (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
- Severity 9.2
Hawaiian Electric Co Inc Waiau Generating Station, Pearl City
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Sulfuric acid (acid aerosols including mists, vapors, gas, fog, and other airborne forms of any particle size), Ammonia, Lead And Lead Compounds, Polycyclic aromatic compounds and 4 more. Reports carcinogens. 1,205,275 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 96782WGNRT475KA (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
- Severity 9.1
Par Hawaii Refining Llc, Kapolei
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: n-Hexane, Ammonia, Sulfuric acid (acid aerosols including mists, vapors, gas, fog, and other airborne forms of any particle size), Toluene and 4 more. Reports carcinogens. 854,402 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 96707HWNND91325 (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
- Severity 8.9
Us Marine Corps Base Hawaii Kaneohe Bay, Mcbh Kaneohe Bay
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Nitrate compounds (water dissociable; reportable only when in aqueous solution), Lead, Ethylbenzene, Naphthalene and 1 more. Reports carcinogens. 602,767 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 96863SMRNCMAGAZ (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
- Severity 8.7
Ball Metal Beverage Container Corp, Kapolei
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Certain glycol ethers, n-Butyl alcohol, Lead, Sulfuric acid (acid aerosols including mists, vapors, gas, fog, and other airborne forms of any particle size). Reports carcinogens. 302,330 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 96707RYNLD91320 (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
- Severity 8.4
Ies Downstream Llc - Kapolei Terminal, Kapolei
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Xylene (mixed isomers), Toluene, n-Hexane, 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene and 4 more. Reports carcinogens. 125,606 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 96707CHVRN91480 (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
- Severity 8.3
Us Marine Corps Base Hawaii Puuloa Training Facility, Ewa Beach
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Lead, Copper. Reports carcinogens. 92,123 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 96706SMRNC1PUUL (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
- Severity 8.3
Aes Hawaii Llc, Kapolei
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Ammonia, Barium And Barium Compounds, Manganese And Manganese Compounds, Lead And Lead Compounds and 3 more. Reports carcinogens. 87,639 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 96707SHWNC91086 (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
- Severity 7.9
Hawaiian Electric Co Inc Kahe Generating Station, Kapolei
TRI reporting facility. Penalties $235,400.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000486439 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
- Severity 7.9
Hffc Sand Island Fuel Terminal, Honolulu
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Xylene (mixed isomers), 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene, Ethylbenzene, Cumene and 2 more. Reports carcinogens. 26,624 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 9681WHFFCS6SAND (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
- Severity 7.7
Hffc Airport Fuel Farm, Honolulu
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Xylene (mixed isomers), 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene, Ethylbenzene, Cumene and 2 more. Reports carcinogens. 14,191 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 96819HFFCR321AL (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
- Severity 7.7
Aloha Petroleum Barbers Point Terminal, Kapolei
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Toluene, Benzene, n-Hexane, Xylene (mixed isomers) and 4 more. Reports carcinogens. 13,763 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 96707TXCBR91119 (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
- Severity 7.6
Aloha Petroleum Honolulu Terminal, Honolulu
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Toluene, Xylene (mixed isomers), Benzene, n-Hexane and 3 more. Reports carcinogens. 11,244 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 96817QLNHN789NN (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
- Severity 7.5
Ies Downstream Llc - Honolulu Terminal Marine, Honolulu
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: n-Hexane, Toluene, Benzene, Xylene (mixed isomers) and 4 more. Reports carcinogens. 9,337 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 96817HNLLM777NN (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
- Severity 7.5
Ies Downstream, Llc - Kapolei Refinery Mm, Kapolei
Major air pollution source. Penalties $182,200.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000486304 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
- Severity 7.5
Par Hawaii Refining - Refinery, Kapolei
Major air pollution source. Penalties $31,254,432.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000486322 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
- Severity 7.5
Navy Public Works Center, Pearl Harbor
Major air pollution source. Penalties $8,776,250.
EPA FRS registry ID 110022302417 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
- Severity 7.4
Par West Refinery, Kapolei
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Xylene (mixed isomers), n-Hexane, Toluene, Naphthalene and 4 more. Reports carcinogens. 5,301 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 9670WPRWST91553 (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Correctional facilities
Prisons, jails and corrections operations with an EPA facility record, and the drinking water and wastewater compliance attached to them.
Waiawa Correctional Facility, Waipahu
- EPA FRS registry ID
- 110011663208
- Water system
- HI0000348
- Health-based violations
- 73 all time, 0 in 5 years
- All violations
- 97
- Contaminants cited
- Coliform (TCR), Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, Surface Water Treatment Rule
- Wastewater permit
- Yes
Oahu Community Correctional Center, Honolulu
- EPA FRS registry ID
- 110005721861
- Wastewater permit
- None on record
Halawa Correctional Facility, Aiea
- EPA FRS registry ID
- 110027167410
- Wastewater permit
- None on record
Kapolei Juvenile Detention Facility, Kapolei
- EPA FRS registry ID
- 110069517259
- Wastewater permit
- None on record
Ho'Okipa Makai Cottage Renovation, Women'S Community Correctional Center, Kailua
- EPA FRS registry ID
- 110071541064
- Wastewater permit
- Yes
Federal Detention Center Of Honolulu, Honolulu
- EPA FRS registry ID
- xc18ba207821cf7f371d5fdf4025bd015
- Wastewater permit
- None on record
Discovery / public records
Records to request for Honolulu County
Hawaii state cancer registry
Cancer incidence counts by census tract or ZIP code, by cancer type and year (de-identified). Any cancer cluster inquiries or investigations in Honolulu County, and their findings.
Hawaii vital statistics office
Death certificate counts by cause of death and residence tract or ZIP code, and the years behind the mortality measures above.
Hawaii health department, environmental epidemiology
Health consultations or assessments by ATSDR or the state health department covering the county, and any exposure investigations.
Hawaii environmental agency and the U.S. EPA regional office
Compliance history, inspection reports, notices of violation, penalties and enforcement actions for each facility above, cited by EPA FRS registry ID.
Hawaii drinking water program
Violation notices, sampling results and sanitary surveys for the public water systems serving the county, including any system serving a correctional facility.
Department of corrections or county sheriff
Water testing, grievances and environmental health inspections for the correctional facilities listed above.
Each Envyrofax address report includes a printable records request worksheet with the custodian and the exact request wording per finding.