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Leon County, Florida: environmental and disease records

Cancer mortality in Leon County is 140.9 deaths per 100,000 people per year against a U.S. rate of 143.2. Federal databases place 861 regulated facilities, sites and hazards inside the county, led by NPDES wastewater discharge permit (315), Gas station (mapped facility) (129), Industrial wastewater discharge (113). 5 correctional facilities operate in the county, at least one with health-based drinking water violations on record. EPA AirToxScreen estimates a lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics of 30 in a million, driven mainly by formaldehyde.

Rates are age-adjusted per 100,000 people. A cancer signal is marked significant when the lower bound of its 95 percent confidence interval is above the U.S. rate. Facility counts use active federal records located inside the county boundary. Approximate county center: 30.479, -84.2218.

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Cancer deaths and new cases versus the United States

Source: NCI and CDC State Cancer Profiles, both sexes, all ages. Sorted by the ratio of the county rate to the U.S. rate.

Cancer rates for Leon County compared with the United States
Cancer	Measure	County rate	U.S. rate	Times U.S.	95% interval	Years
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	New cases	22.7	18.5	1.23xSignificant	20.3 to 25.4	2019-2023
Leukemia	New cases	17.7	14.5	1.22xSignificant	15.6 to 20.1	2019-2023
Stomach	Deaths	3.2	2.7	1.19x	2.4 to 4.3	2020-2024
Stomach	New cases	7.4	6.6	1.12x	6.1 to 9	2019-2023
Brain & nervous system	New cases	6.8	6.2	1.1x	5.5 to 8.4	2019-2023
All cancer	New cases	493.7	453.4	1.09xSignificant	482.4 to 505.2	2019-2023
Kidney & renal pelvis	Deaths	3.5	3.4	1.03x	2.6 to 4.5	2020-2024
Kidney & renal pelvis	New cases	18.4	17.9	1.03x	16.2 to 20.7	2019-2023
Bladder	Deaths	4.2	4.1	1.02x	3.2 to 5.4	2020-2024
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	Deaths	4.9	4.8	1.02x	3.8 to 6.1	2020-2024
Leukemia	Deaths	5.8	5.7	1.02x	4.6 to 7.2	2020-2024
Lung & bronchus	New cases	52	51.8	1x	48.4 to 55.7	2019-2023
All cancer	Deaths	140.9	143.2	0.98x	135 to 147	2020-2024
Lung & bronchus	Deaths	28.2	30.2	0.93x	25.7 to 31	2020-2024
Pancreas	New cases	12.6	13.9	0.91x	10.8 to 14.5	2019-2023
Pancreas	Deaths	9.9	11.3	0.88x	8.4 to 11.6	2020-2024
Brain & nervous system	Deaths	3.8	4.4	0.86x	2.9 to 4.9	2020-2024
Melanoma of the skin	Deaths	1.7	2	0.85x	1.1 to 2.5	2020-2024
Liver & bile duct	Deaths	5.3	6.6	0.8x	4.2 to 6.5	2020-2024
Esophagus	New cases	3.6	4.6	0.78x	2.7 to 4.6	2019-2023
Liver & bile duct	New cases	6.7	8.7	0.77x	5.5 to 8.1	2019-2023
Bladder	New cases	14.3	18.7	0.76x	12.5 to 16.4	2019-2023
Esophagus	Deaths	2.8	3.7	0.76x	2 to 3.7	2020-2024
Thyroid	New cases	9.8	13	0.75x	8.2 to 11.6	2019-2023
Melanoma of the skin	New cases	17.9	23.8	0.75x	15.8 to 20.2	2019-2023
Childhood cancer (under 15)	New cases	11	16.4	0.67x	7.1 to 16.3	2019-2023

Mortality measures versus the U.S. county median

Source: County Health Rankings, built from CDC National Vital Statistics System death records. The comparison value is the median of all U.S. counties.

Mortality measures for Leon County
Measure	County	U.S. median	Difference	Unit
Premature death	8,452.1	9,842.6	-14%	years of life lost before age 75 per 100,000
Life expectancy	77.1	75.3	+2%	years
Child mortality	61.8	59.8	+3%	deaths under age 18 per 100,000
Infant mortality	8.4	6.2	+35%	deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births
Injury deaths	64.6	96.9	-33%	deaths per 100,000
Drug overdose deaths	15.6	28.6	-46%	deaths per 100,000

Air toxics and air quality

EPA AirToxScreen 2020

Lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics: 30 in a million. EPA treats 100 in a million as the upper end of acceptable risk and 1 in a million as the goal.

Formaldehyde22.85 per million
Carbon Tetrachloride2.9 per million
Acetaldehyde2.25 per million
Pahpom0.91 per million

EPA Air Quality Index 2025

Monitored on 365 days: 206 good, 1 unhealthy for sensitive groups or worse. Median AQI 48, peak 140.

Regulated facilities, sites and hazards by type

861 active records inside the county from EPA ECHO, TRI, Superfund, Brownfields, NPDES, EIA, FAA, FRA and corrections data.

NPDES wastewater discharge permit315
Gas station (mapped facility)129
Industrial wastewater discharge113
Auto repair or body shop (mapped facility)78
Brownfield property51
Air permit holder (minor source)34
Rail grade crossing31
Small hazardous waste generator25
Landfill (mapped facility)20
Scrapyard (mapped facility)10
Wastewater plant (mapped facility)8
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI)7
Dry cleaner (mapped facility)6
Correctional facility (prison or jail)5
Large hazardous waste generator5
TRI reporting facility5
Heliport4
Public airport3
Large greenhouse gas emitter3
Hazardous waste transporter2
Gas power plant2
Major air pollution source1
EPA air quality monitor1
Commercial airport1
Crematorium (mapped facility)1
Solar power plant1

Highest-severity records

The 25 records with the highest Envyrofax severity in the county, with the agency identifier to cite in a records request.

City Of Tallahassee Arvah B. Hopkins Generating Station, Tallahassee
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Ammonia. 35,493 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 32304CTYFT1125G (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 6.5
Arvah B. Hopkins Generating Station, Tallahassee
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110011349656 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 6.4
Safety-Kleen Systems Tallahassee (Tal), Tallahassee
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Ethylene glycol, Benzo[g,h,i]perylene, Lead, Polycyclic aromatic compounds. Reports carcinogens. 5 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 32310SFTYK4426E (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 5.1
Tallahassee Community College, Tallahassee
EPA air quality monitor.
Record ID 120730012 (U.S. EPA AirData)
Severity 5
Tallahassee Intl, Tallahassee
Commercial airport. O.
Record ID TLH (FAA / U.S. DOT)
Severity 5
Bayou Concrete Llc - Tallahassee, Tallahassee
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Lead, Lead And Lead Compounds. Reports carcinogens.
TRI facility ID 3231WRDYMX344WE (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 4.6
Best Block - Tallahassee Block Plant, Tallahassee
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Lead. Reports carcinogens.
TRI facility ID 3231WBSTBL2222M (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 4.5
General Dynamics Land Systems, Tallahassee
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Lead. Reports carcinogens.
TRI facility ID 32303GNRLD293CM (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 4.5
Danfoss Turbocor Compressors Inc., Tallahassee
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Nickel. Reports carcinogens.
TRI facility ID 3231WDNFSS1769B (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 4.5
Arvah B. Hopkins Generating Station, Tallahassee
Major air pollution source.
EPA FRS registry ID 110011349656 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.3
Safety-Kleen System Inc - Tallahassee Facility, Tallahassee
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000498621 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.1
Veolia Es Technical Solutions Llc - Tallahassee Facility, Tallahassee
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110013763597 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.1
Florida State University, Tallahassee
Large hazardous waste generator. Penalties $12,899.
EPA FRS registry ID 110042018429 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
Danfoss Turbocor Compressors, Inc, Tallahassee
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110043751188 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
Best Block - Tallahassee Block Plant, Tallahassee
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071433948 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
Arvah B. Hopkins Generating Station, Tallahassee
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110011349656 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.8
Arvah B Hopkins, Tallahassee
Gas power plant.
Record ID 688 (U.S. Energy Information Administration)
Severity 3.5
Veolia N.A. Inc., Tallahassee
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Mercury, Lead compounds, Lead And Lead Compounds. 3 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 32305NYXSP342MA (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 3.4
Arvah B. Hopkins Generating Station, Tallahassee
Large greenhouse gas emitter.
EPA FRS registry ID 110011349656 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.3
Sub 12, Tallahassee
Gas power plant.
Record ID 61080 (U.S. Energy Information Administration)
Severity 3
Rose Printing, Tallahassee
Brownfield property.
EPA FRS registry ID 110002525580 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record
Severity 3
Residence Inn, Tallahassee
Brownfield property.
EPA FRS registry ID 110024572327 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record
Severity 3
Former Coca Cola Plant, Tallahassee
Brownfield property.
EPA FRS registry ID 110038760132 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record
Severity 3
Art Alley Site, Tallahassee
Brownfield property.
EPA FRS registry ID 110040205122 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record
Severity 3
Towne South Shopping Center:, Tallahassee
Brownfield property.
EPA FRS registry ID 110041663232 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record
Severity 3

Correctional facilities

Prisons, jails and corrections operations with an EPA facility record, and the drinking water and wastewater compliance attached to them.

Jackson Correctional Institution-Plant #2, Tallahassee
EPA FRS registry ID
110013192605
Water system
FL1324074
Health-based violations
3 all time, 2 in 5 years
All violations
7
Contaminants cited
Lead and Copper Rule, Nitrate
Wastewater permit
None on record
EPA detailed facility report
Gulf Correctional Institution-Well #2, Tallahassee
EPA FRS registry ID
110013192115
Water system
FL1234013
Health-based violations
3 all time, 0 in 5 years
All violations
12
Contaminants cited
Coliform (TCR), Revised Total Coliform Rule
Wastewater permit
None on record
EPA detailed facility report
Federal Correctional Institution, Tallahassee
EPA FRS registry ID
110002524279
Wastewater permit
Yes
EPA detailed facility report
Apalachee Correctional Institution-Plant #2, Tallahassee
EPA FRS registry ID
110012892557
Water system
FL1320025
Health-based violations
0 all time, 0 in 5 years
All violations
12
Wastewater permit
None on record
EPA detailed facility report
Florida State Prison Wwtf, Tallahassee
EPA FRS registry ID
110070000745
Wastewater permit
Yes
EPA detailed facility report

Discovery / public records

Records to request for Leon County

Florida state cancer registry
Cancer incidence counts by census tract or ZIP code, by cancer type and year (de-identified). Any cancer cluster inquiries or investigations in Leon County, and their findings.
Florida vital statistics office
Death certificate counts by cause of death and residence tract or ZIP code, and the years behind the mortality measures above.
Florida health department, environmental epidemiology
Health consultations or assessments by ATSDR or the state health department covering the county, and any exposure investigations.
Florida environmental agency and the U.S. EPA regional office
Compliance history, inspection reports, notices of violation, penalties and enforcement actions for each facility above, cited by EPA FRS registry ID.
Florida drinking water program
Violation notices, sampling results and sanitary surveys for the public water systems serving the county, including any system serving a correctional facility.
Department of corrections or county sheriff
Water testing, grievances and environmental health inspections for the correctional facilities listed above.

Each Envyrofax address report includes a printable records request worksheet with the custodian and the exact request wording per finding.

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