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Baker County, Florida: environmental and disease records

Cancer mortality in Baker County is 170.3 deaths per 100,000 people per year against a U.S. rate of 143.2, a statistically significant excess. The strongest disease signals are Lung & bronchus deaths at 1.6 times the U.S. rate. Federal databases place 105 regulated facilities, sites and hazards inside the county, led by Rail grade crossing (35), Industrial wastewater discharge (17), NPDES wastewater discharge permit (17). One correctional facility operates in the county, at least one with health-based drinking water violations on record. EPA AirToxScreen estimates a lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics of 30 in a million, driven mainly by formaldehyde.

Rates are age-adjusted per 100,000 people. A cancer signal is marked significant when the lower bound of its 95 percent confidence interval is above the U.S. rate. Facility counts use active federal records located inside the county boundary. Approximate county center: 30.3606, -82.315.

How this county ranks in Florida

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Cancer deaths and new cases versus the United States

Source: NCI and CDC State Cancer Profiles, both sexes, all ages. Sorted by the ratio of the county rate to the U.S. rate.

Cancer rates for Baker County compared with the United States
Cancer	Measure	County rate	U.S. rate	Times U.S.	95% interval	Years
Leukemia	New cases	23.2	14.5	1.6xSignificant	16 to 32.4	2019-2023
Lung & bronchus	New cases	82	51.8	1.58xSignificant	68.6 to 97.3	2019-2023
Lung & bronchus	Deaths	47.4	30.2	1.57xSignificant	37.4 to 59.4	2020-2024
Liver & bile duct	New cases	11.7	8.7	1.34x	6.9 to 18.5	2019-2023
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	New cases	22.2	18.5	1.2x	15.2 to 31.4	2019-2023
All cancer	Deaths	170.3	143.2	1.19xSignificant	150.5 to 192.2	2020-2024
All cancer	New cases	514.7	453.4	1.14xSignificant	479.5 to 552	2019-2023
Melanoma of the skin	New cases	26.1	23.8	1.1x	18.6 to 35.7	2019-2023
Kidney & renal pelvis	New cases	19.4	17.9	1.08x	13.1 to 27.7	2019-2023
Pancreas	Deaths	9.4	11.3	0.83x	5.3 to 15.7	2020-2024
Bladder	New cases	15.4	18.7	0.82x	9.8 to 23.1	2019-2023
Pancreas	New cases	11.2	13.9	0.81x	6.6 to 18	2019-2023

Mortality measures versus the U.S. county median

Source: County Health Rankings, built from CDC National Vital Statistics System death records. The comparison value is the median of all U.S. counties.

Mortality measures for Baker County
Measure	County	U.S. median	Difference	Unit
Premature death	10,954.2	9,842.6	+11%	years of life lost before age 75 per 100,000
Life expectancy	73.5	75.3	-2%	years
Child mortality	53.3	59.8	-11%	deaths under age 18 per 100,000
Infant mortality	n/a	6.2	n/a	deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births
Injury deaths	99.5	96.9	+3%	deaths per 100,000
Drug overdose deaths	45.3	28.6	+58%	deaths per 100,000

Air toxics and air quality

EPA AirToxScreen 2020

Lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics: 30 in a million. EPA treats 100 in a million as the upper end of acceptable risk and 1 in a million as the goal.

Formaldehyde19.8 per million
Carbon Tetrachloride2.9 per million
Acetaldehyde2.07 per million
Pahpom0.65 per million

EPA Air Quality Index 2025

Monitored on 364 days: 253 good, 2 unhealthy for sensitive groups or worse. Median AQI 44, peak 155.

Regulated facilities, sites and hazards by type

105 active records inside the county from EPA ECHO, TRI, Superfund, Brownfields, NPDES, EIA, FAA, FRA and corrections data.

Rail grade crossing35
Industrial wastewater discharge17
NPDES wastewater discharge permit17
Wastewater plant (mapped facility)7
Gas station (mapped facility)6
Air permit holder (minor source)5
Landfill (mapped facility)5
Public airport2
Small hazardous waste generator2
Solar power plant2
TRI reporting facility2
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI)2
EPA air quality monitor1
Airfield1
Correctional facility (prison or jail)1

Highest-severity records

The 25 records with the highest Envyrofax severity in the county, with the agency identifier to cite in a records request.

Baker Paint Manufacturing, Sanderson
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Methanol. 592 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 32072BKRPNUS90E (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 5.1
Insteel Wire Products, Sanderson
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000361625 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.6
City Of Macclenny Wastewater Facility, Macclenny
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110027947596 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.3
Insteel Wire Products, Sanderson
Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Zinc compounds, Nitrate compounds (water dissociable; reportable only when in aqueous solution). 25 lbs released over 5 years.
TRI facility ID 32087WRMLNONEWI (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)
Severity 4.1
Baker Paint Mfg, Sanderson
TRI reporting facility.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000604659 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
Macclenny Wwtf, Macclenny
Industrial wastewater discharge. Violation Identified.
NPDES permit FL0040495: (U.S. EPA NPDES)
Severity 2.6
Landfill
Landfill (mapped facility). Mapped facility presence only; no compliance or exposure measurements.
Record ID relation/15877712 (OpenStreetMap contributors) Agency record
Severity 2
Landfill
Landfill (mapped facility). Mapped facility presence only; no compliance or exposure measurements.
Record ID way/1174388321 (OpenStreetMap contributors) Agency record
Severity 2
Landfill
Landfill (mapped facility). Mapped facility presence only; no compliance or exposure measurements.
Record ID way/1174388322 (OpenStreetMap contributors) Agency record
Severity 2
Landfill
Landfill (mapped facility). Mapped facility presence only; no compliance or exposure measurements.
Record ID way/1174388323 (OpenStreetMap contributors) Agency record
Severity 2
Landfill
Landfill (mapped facility). Mapped facility presence only; no compliance or exposure measurements.
Record ID way/1174388324 (OpenStreetMap contributors) Agency record
Severity 2
Wastewater Plant
Wastewater plant (mapped facility). Mapped facility presence only; no compliance or exposure measurements.
Record ID way/1174388328 (OpenStreetMap contributors) Agency record
Severity 2
Wastewater Plant
Wastewater plant (mapped facility). Mapped facility presence only; no compliance or exposure measurements.
Record ID way/1174388329 (OpenStreetMap contributors) Agency record
Severity 2
Wastewater Plant
Wastewater plant (mapped facility). Mapped facility presence only; no compliance or exposure measurements.
Record ID way/1174388330 (OpenStreetMap contributors) Agency record
Severity 2
Wastewater Plant
Wastewater plant (mapped facility). Mapped facility presence only; no compliance or exposure measurements.
Record ID way/1174388332 (OpenStreetMap contributors) Agency record
Severity 2
Wastewater Plant
Wastewater plant (mapped facility). Mapped facility presence only; no compliance or exposure measurements.
Record ID way/1174388333 (OpenStreetMap contributors) Agency record
Severity 2
Wastewater Plant
Wastewater plant (mapped facility). Mapped facility presence only; no compliance or exposure measurements.
Record ID way/1174394994 (OpenStreetMap contributors) Agency record
Severity 2
Wastewater Plant
Wastewater plant (mapped facility). Mapped facility presence only; no compliance or exposure measurements.
Record ID way/1174399405 (OpenStreetMap contributors) Agency record
Severity 2
Baker Paint Mfg, Sanderson
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110000604659 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.5
Sanderson Pipe Corporation, Sanderson
Small hazardous waste generator.
EPA FRS registry ID 110005652070 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.5
Sanderson Pipe Corporation, Sanderson
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110005652070 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.5
Wal-Mart Distribution Center #6099, Macclenny
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110012141574 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.5
Pride Enterprises, Sanderson
Air permit holder (minor source).
EPA FRS registry ID 110022405949 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.5
Walmart Supercenter #1205, Macclenny
Small hazardous waste generator.
EPA FRS registry ID 110027972004 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.5
Raceway # 931, Macclenny
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110039519072 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.5

Correctional facilities

Prisons, jails and corrections operations with an EPA facility record, and the drinking water and wastewater compliance attached to them.

Baker Co. Correctional Inst., Sanderson
EPA FRS registry ID
110013193506
Water system
FL2021356
Health-based violations
2 all time, 0 in 5 years
All violations
34
Contaminants cited
Coliform (TCR)
Wastewater permit
None on record
EPA detailed facility report

Discovery / public records

Records to request for Baker County

Florida state cancer registry
Cancer incidence counts by census tract or ZIP code, by cancer type and year (de-identified). Any cancer cluster inquiries or investigations in Baker County, and their findings.
Florida vital statistics office
Death certificate counts by cause of death and residence tract or ZIP code, and the years behind the mortality measures above.
Florida health department, environmental epidemiology
Health consultations or assessments by ATSDR or the state health department covering the county, and any exposure investigations.
Florida environmental agency and the U.S. EPA regional office
Compliance history, inspection reports, notices of violation, penalties and enforcement actions for each facility above, cited by EPA FRS registry ID.
Florida drinking water program
Violation notices, sampling results and sanitary surveys for the public water systems serving the county, including any system serving a correctional facility.
Department of corrections or county sheriff
Water testing, grievances and environmental health inspections for the correctional facilities listed above.

Each Envyrofax address report includes a printable records request worksheet with the custodian and the exact request wording per finding.

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