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Lincoln County, Colorado: environmental and disease records

Cancer mortality in Lincoln County is 153.2 deaths per 100,000 people per year against a U.S. rate of 143.2. Federal databases place 258 regulated facilities, sites and hazards inside the county, led by Air permit holder (minor source) (112), Industrial wastewater discharge (40), Rail grade crossing (33). 2 correctional facilities operate in the county. EPA AirToxScreen estimates a lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics of 10 in a million, driven mainly by formaldehyde.

Rates are age-adjusted per 100,000 people. A cancer signal is marked significant when the lower bound of its 95 percent confidence interval is above the U.S. rate. Facility counts use active federal records located inside the county boundary. Approximate county center: 39.0624, -103.4422.

How this county ranks in Colorado

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Cancer deaths and new cases versus the United States

Source: NCI and CDC State Cancer Profiles, both sexes, all ages. Sorted by the ratio of the county rate to the U.S. rate.

Cancer rates for Lincoln County compared with the United States
Cancer	Measure	County rate	U.S. rate	Times U.S.	95% interval	Years
All cancer	Deaths	153.2	143.2	1.07x	116 to 199.6	2020-2024
All cancer	New cases	396.5	453.4	0.87x	333.1 to 469.4	2019-2023

Mortality measures versus the U.S. county median

Source: County Health Rankings, built from CDC National Vital Statistics System death records. The comparison value is the median of all U.S. counties.

Mortality measures for Lincoln County
Measure	County	U.S. median	Difference	Unit
Premature death	7,749.4	9,842.6	-21%	years of life lost before age 75 per 100,000
Life expectancy	77.6	75.3	+3%	years
Child mortality	n/a	59.8	n/a	deaths under age 18 per 100,000
Infant mortality	n/a	6.2	n/a	deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births
Injury deaths	99.3	96.9	+2%	deaths per 100,000
Drug overdose deaths	n/a	28.6	n/a	deaths per 100,000

Air toxics and air quality

EPA AirToxScreen 2020

Lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics: 10 in a million. EPA treats 100 in a million as the upper end of acceptable risk and 1 in a million as the goal.

Formaldehyde9.81 per million
Carbon Tetrachloride2.51 per million
Acetaldehyde0.64 per million
Pahpom0.54 per million

EPA Air Quality Index

No EPA air quality monitor reports daily AQI for this county.

Regulated facilities, sites and hazards by type

258 active records inside the county from EPA ECHO, TRI, Superfund, Brownfields, NPDES, EIA, FAA, FRA and corrections data.

Air permit holder (minor source)112
Industrial wastewater discharge40
Rail grade crossing33
NPDES wastewater discharge permit32
Gas station (mapped facility)13
Brownfield property5
Landfill (mapped facility)4
Wind power plant4
Public airport3
Auto repair or body shop (mapped facility)3
Correctional facility (prison or jail)2
Major air pollution source1
Commercial airport1
Large greenhouse gas emitter1
Heliport1
Gas power plant1
Scrapyard (mapped facility)1
Wastewater plant (mapped facility)1

Highest-severity records

The 25 records with the highest Envyrofax severity in the county, with the agency identifier to cite in a records request.

Limon Municipal Airport, Limon
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110046298074 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.5
Lincoln County Line Pit, Genoa
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110070072780 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.5
Pickenpaugh Gravel Pit, Rush
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110070072782 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.5
O'Dwyer Pit, Genoa
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110070072783 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.5
C And D Farms 2, Arriba
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110070072786 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.5
Lincoln County Landfill, Lincoln County
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110054139482 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.8
Limon Wwtf, Limon
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110010056090 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.5
Tri-State Generation & Trans - Limon, Limon
Major air pollution source.
EPA FRS registry ID 110022515777 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3.5
Limon Generating Station, Limon
Gas power plant.
Record ID 55504 (U.S. Energy Information Administration)
Severity 3.1
Genoa, Genoa
Brownfield property.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071963703 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record
Severity 3
Town Of Hugo 3rd Ave, Hugo
Brownfield property.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071973843 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record
Severity 3
Lieber Property, Hugo
Brownfield property.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071985551 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record
Severity 3
Kenneth Backstrand Property - 427 4th St, Hugo
Brownfield property.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071987512 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record
Severity 3
Kenneth Backstrand Property - 411 4th St, Hugo
Brownfield property.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071987516 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record
Severity 3
Arriba Wwtf, Arriba Division
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110071866636 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 3
Valcrete - Limon Plant, Limon
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110043216971 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2.8
Limon Plat, Limon
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110054118423 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2.8
Tri-State Generation & Trans - Limon, Limon
Large greenhouse gas emitter.
EPA FRS registry ID 110022515777 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2.5
Valcrete - Limon Plant, Limon
Air permit holder (minor source).
EPA FRS registry ID 110043216971 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2.3
Arriba Wwtf, Arriba Division
Industrial wastewater discharge. Violation Identified.
NPDES permit COG591055: (U.S. EPA NPDES)
Severity 2.2
Brent Pit, Arriba
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110070569098 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2
Limon Muni, Limon
Commercial airport. O.
Record ID LIC (FAA / U.S. DOT)
Severity 2
Landfill
Landfill (mapped facility). Mapped facility presence only; no compliance or exposure measurements.
Record ID way/1245180204 (OpenStreetMap contributors) Agency record
Severity 2
Landfill
Landfill (mapped facility). Mapped facility presence only; no compliance or exposure measurements.
Record ID way/1254260312 (OpenStreetMap contributors) Agency record
Severity 2
Landfill
Landfill (mapped facility). Mapped facility presence only; no compliance or exposure measurements.
Record ID way/1254264503 (OpenStreetMap contributors) Agency record
Severity 2

Correctional facilities

Prisons, jails and corrections operations with an EPA facility record, and the drinking water and wastewater compliance attached to them.

Colo Dept Of Corrections - Lcf, Limon
EPA FRS registry ID
110002377133
Wastewater permit
None on record
EPA detailed facility report
Limon Correctional Facility, Limon
EPA FRS registry ID
110013182493
Water system
CO0137016
Health-based violations
0 all time, 0 in 5 years
All violations
10
Wastewater permit
None on record
EPA detailed facility report

Discovery / public records

Records to request for Lincoln County

Colorado state cancer registry
Cancer incidence counts by census tract or ZIP code, by cancer type and year (de-identified). Any cancer cluster inquiries or investigations in Lincoln County, and their findings.
Colorado vital statistics office
Death certificate counts by cause of death and residence tract or ZIP code, and the years behind the mortality measures above.
Colorado health department, environmental epidemiology
Health consultations or assessments by ATSDR or the state health department covering the county, and any exposure investigations.
Colorado environmental agency and the U.S. EPA regional office
Compliance history, inspection reports, notices of violation, penalties and enforcement actions for each facility above, cited by EPA FRS registry ID.
Colorado drinking water program
Violation notices, sampling results and sanitary surveys for the public water systems serving the county, including any system serving a correctional facility.
Department of corrections or county sheriff
Water testing, grievances and environmental health inspections for the correctional facilities listed above.

Each Envyrofax address report includes a printable records request worksheet with the custodian and the exact request wording per finding.

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