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Archuleta County, Colorado: environmental and disease records

Cancer mortality in Archuleta County is 111.4 deaths per 100,000 people per year against a U.S. rate of 143.2. Federal databases place 136 regulated facilities, sites and hazards inside the county, led by Industrial wastewater discharge (54), NPDES wastewater discharge permit (40), Air permit holder (minor source) (24). EPA AirToxScreen estimates a lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics of 10 in a million, driven mainly by formaldehyde.

Rates are age-adjusted per 100,000 people. A cancer signal is marked significant when the lower bound of its 95 percent confidence interval is above the U.S. rate. Facility counts use active federal records located inside the county boundary. Approximate county center: 37.2049, -107.0517.

How this county ranks in Colorado

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Cancer deaths and new cases versus the United States

Source: NCI and CDC State Cancer Profiles, both sexes, all ages. Sorted by the ratio of the county rate to the U.S. rate.

Cancer rates for Archuleta County compared with the United States
Cancer	Measure	County rate	U.S. rate	Times U.S.	95% interval	Years
Pancreas	Deaths	14	11.3	1.24x	7.4 to 25.1	2020-2024
Melanoma of the skin	New cases	28.8	23.8	1.21x	18.4 to 43.7	2019-2023
Pancreas	New cases	15.9	13.9	1.14x	8.9 to 27.3	2019-2023
Bladder	New cases	18.2	18.7	0.97x	10.8 to 30	2019-2023
Kidney & renal pelvis	New cases	15.3	17.9	0.85x	8.6 to 26.5	2019-2023
All cancer	New cases	364.7	453.4	0.8x	326.9 to 406.5	2019-2023
Lung & bronchus	Deaths	23.7	30.2	0.78x	15.1 to 36.6	2020-2024
All cancer	Deaths	111.4	143.2	0.78x	92.1 to 134.5	2020-2024
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma	New cases	13.2	18.5	0.71x	7 to 23.8	2019-2023
Lung & bronchus	New cases	27.9	51.8	0.54x	18.7 to 41.3	2019-2023

Mortality measures versus the U.S. county median

Source: County Health Rankings, built from CDC National Vital Statistics System death records. The comparison value is the median of all U.S. counties.

Mortality measures for Archuleta County
Measure	County	U.S. median	Difference	Unit
Premature death	8,261.5	9,842.6	-16%	years of life lost before age 75 per 100,000
Life expectancy	79.6	75.3	+6%	years
Child mortality	n/a	59.8	n/a	deaths under age 18 per 100,000
Infant mortality	n/a	6.2	n/a	deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births
Injury deaths	97.4	96.9	+1%	deaths per 100,000
Drug overdose deaths	n/a	28.6	n/a	deaths per 100,000

Air toxics and air quality

EPA AirToxScreen 2020

Lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics: 10 in a million. EPA treats 100 in a million as the upper end of acceptable risk and 1 in a million as the goal.

Formaldehyde10.48 per million
Carbon Tetrachloride2.34 per million
Acetaldehyde0.77 per million
Pahpom0.36 per million

EPA Air Quality Index 2025

Monitored on 364 days: 302 good, 2 unhealthy for sensitive groups or worse. Median AQI 34, peak 115.

Regulated facilities, sites and hazards by type

136 active records inside the county from EPA ECHO, TRI, Superfund, Brownfields, NPDES, EIA, FAA, FRA and corrections data.

Industrial wastewater discharge54
NPDES wastewater discharge permit40
Air permit holder (minor source)24
Gas station (mapped facility)10
EPA air quality monitor2
Auto repair or body shop (mapped facility)2
Commercial airport1
Brownfield property1
Landfill (mapped facility)1
Rail grade crossing1

Highest-severity records

The 25 records with the highest Envyrofax severity in the county, with the agency identifier to cite in a records request.

Pagosa Area Water & Sanitation District, Pagosa Springs
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110002041479 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 6
Happy Camper Rv Park, Pagosa
NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $6,000.
EPA FRS registry ID 110040075441 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 5.5
Archuleta County Landfill, Pagosa Springs
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110007240146 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.5
High Country Lodge, Pagosa Springs
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110009127658 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.5
Stevens Field, Pagosa Springs
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110046330920 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4.5
Archuleta County Landfill, Pagosa Springs
Air permit holder (minor source).
EPA FRS registry ID 110007240146 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 4
Cabezon Ranch, Arboles
Brownfield property.
EPA FRS registry ID 110043241220 (U.S. EPA Brownfields (ACRES)) Agency record
Severity 3
PAGOSA SPRINGS SCHOOL, Pagosa Springs
EPA air quality monitor.
Record ID 080070001 (U.S. EPA AirData)
Severity 2.9
Snowball Wtp, Archuleta County
Industrial wastewater discharge. No Violation Identified.
NPDES permit COG641022: (U.S. EPA NPDES)
Severity 2.8
Hatcher Wtp, Archuleta County
Industrial wastewater discharge. No Violation Identified.
NPDES permit COG641007: (U.S. EPA NPDES)
Severity 2.7
Navajo State Park, Arboles
NPDES wastewater discharge permit. Penalties $1,387.
EPA FRS registry ID 110006374262 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2.5
San Juan River Village Metro, Pagosa Springs
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110006782179 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2.5
Wolf Creek Ski Corporation, Pagosa Springs
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110010053529 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 2.5
Stevens Fld, Pagosa Springs
Commercial airport. O.
Record ID PSO (FAA / U.S. DOT)
Severity 2
Landfill
Landfill (mapped facility). Mapped facility presence only; no compliance or exposure measurements.
Record ID way/1558477251 (OpenStreetMap contributors) Agency record
Severity 2
Hatcher Wtp, Archuleta County
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110009128121 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.5
Snowball Wtp, Archuleta County
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110024383166 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.5
Keyah Grande Gravel Pit, Pagosa Springs
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110040754573 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.5
Commercial Rock Products, Southern Ute Reservation
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110041003151 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.5
Lob Lolly Industrial Site, Cortez Center
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110064631607 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.5
Pagosa Area Water And San Dist, Pagosa Springs
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110070001254 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.5
Wolf Creek Ski Corp, Pagosa Springs
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110070001687 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.5
Tierra Piedra Sand And Gravel Co, Pagosa Springs
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110070063579 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.5
Vista Wastewater Treatment Plant, Pagosa Springs
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110070207077 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.5
Sh 151 Culvert Replacement Project, Allison
NPDES wastewater discharge permit.
EPA FRS registry ID 110070250495 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record
Severity 1.5

Correctional facilities

Prisons, jails and corrections operations with an EPA facility record, and the drinking water and wastewater compliance attached to them.

No correctional facility with an EPA record is located in this county.

Discovery / public records

Records to request for Archuleta County

Colorado state cancer registry
Cancer incidence counts by census tract or ZIP code, by cancer type and year (de-identified). Any cancer cluster inquiries or investigations in Archuleta County, and their findings.
Colorado vital statistics office
Death certificate counts by cause of death and residence tract or ZIP code, and the years behind the mortality measures above.
Colorado health department, environmental epidemiology
Health consultations or assessments by ATSDR or the state health department covering the county, and any exposure investigations.
Colorado environmental agency and the U.S. EPA regional office
Compliance history, inspection reports, notices of violation, penalties and enforcement actions for each facility above, cited by EPA FRS registry ID.
Colorado drinking water program
Violation notices, sampling results and sanitary surveys for the public water systems serving the county, including any system serving a correctional facility.
Department of corrections or county sheriff
Water testing, grievances and environmental health inspections for the correctional facilities listed above.

Each Envyrofax address report includes a printable records request worksheet with the custodian and the exact request wording per finding.

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