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Santa Clara County, California: environmental and disease records

Cancer mortality in Santa Clara County is 108 deaths per 100,000 people per year against a U.S. rate of 143.2. The strongest disease signals are Stomach deaths at 1.4 times the U.S. rate. Federal databases place 7,254 regulated facilities, sites and hazards inside the county, led by Small hazardous waste generator (2,764), NPDES wastewater discharge permit (1,673), Auto repair or body shop (mapped facility) (642). 3 correctional facilities operate in the county. EPA AirToxScreen estimates a lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics of 40 in a million, driven mainly by formaldehyde.

Rates are age-adjusted per 100,000 people. A cancer signal is marked significant when the lower bound of its 95 percent confidence interval is above the U.S. rate. Facility counts use active federal records located inside the county boundary. Approximate county center: 37.189, -121.721.

How this county ranks in California

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Cancer deaths and new cases versus the United States

Source: NCI and CDC State Cancer Profiles, both sexes, all ages. Sorted by the ratio of the county rate to the U.S. rate.

Cancer rates for Santa Clara County compared with the United States
CancerMeasureCounty rateU.S. rateTimes U.S.95% intervalYears
StomachDeaths3.82.71.41xSignificant3.4 to 4.12020-2024
StomachNew cases8.66.61.3xSignificant8 to 9.22019-2023
Liver & bile ductNew cases9.98.71.14xSignificant9.3 to 10.52019-2023
Non-Hodgkin lymphomaNew cases20.918.51.13xSignificant20 to 21.82019-2023
Childhood cancer (under 15)Deaths2.11.91.11x1.4 to 2.92020-2024
ThyroidNew cases13.7131.05x13 to 14.42019-2023
Liver & bile ductDeaths6.96.61.05x6.5 to 7.42020-2024
Melanoma of the skinNew cases24.223.81.02x23.3 to 25.12019-2023
ThyroidDeaths0.50.51x0.4 to 0.62020-2024
Non-Hodgkin lymphomaDeaths4.74.80.98x4.3 to 5.12020-2024
PancreasNew cases12.813.90.92x12.1 to 13.52019-2023
Brain & nervous systemDeaths44.40.91x3.6 to 4.42020-2024
Childhood cancer (under 15)New cases14.816.40.9x13 to 16.82019-2023
LeukemiaNew cases12.914.50.89x12.2 to 13.62019-2023
PancreasDeaths1011.30.88x9.4 to 10.62020-2024
All cancerNew cases401453.40.88x397.2 to 404.92019-2023
BladderNew cases15.918.70.85x15.2 to 16.72019-2023
Brain & nervous systemNew cases4.96.20.79x4.5 to 5.32019-2023
LeukemiaDeaths4.55.70.79x4.1 to 52020-2024
Kidney & renal pelvisNew cases13.717.90.77x13 to 14.42019-2023
All cancerDeaths108143.20.75x106 to 109.92020-2024
Melanoma of the skinDeaths1.520.75x1.3 to 1.82020-2024
Kidney & renal pelvisDeaths2.53.40.74x2.2 to 2.82020-2024
BladderDeaths34.10.73x2.7 to 3.32020-2024
Lung & bronchusNew cases32.451.80.63x31.3 to 33.52019-2023
EsophagusNew cases2.74.60.59x2.4 to 32019-2023
Lung & bronchusDeaths1730.20.56x16.2 to 17.82020-2024
EsophagusDeaths23.70.54x1.8 to 2.32020-2024

Mortality measures versus the U.S. county median

Source: County Health Rankings, built from CDC National Vital Statistics System death records. The comparison value is the median of all U.S. counties.

Mortality measures for Santa Clara County
MeasureCountyU.S. medianDifferenceUnit
Premature death4,125.59,842.6-58%years of life lost before age 75 per 100,000
Life expectancy83.875.3+11%years
Child mortality27.959.8-53%deaths under age 18 per 100,000
Infant mortality36.2-52%deaths under age 1 per 1,000 live births
Injury deaths46.996.9-52%deaths per 100,000
Drug overdose deaths17.428.6-39%deaths per 100,000

Air toxics and air quality

EPA AirToxScreen 2020

Lifetime cancer risk from outdoor air toxics: 40 in a million. EPA treats 100 in a million as the upper end of acceptable risk and 1 in a million as the goal.

  • Formaldehyde22.24 per million
  • Carbon Tetrachloride2.92 per million
  • Acetaldehyde2.47 per million
  • Naphthalene2.09 per million

EPA Air Quality Index 2024

Monitored on 363 days: 201 good, 1 unhealthy for sensitive groups or worse. Median AQI 47, peak 111.

Regulated facilities, sites and hazards by type

7,254 active records inside the county from EPA ECHO, TRI, Superfund, Brownfields, NPDES, EIA, FAA, FRA and corrections data.

  • Small hazardous waste generator2,764
  • NPDES wastewater discharge permit1,673
  • Auto repair or body shop (mapped facility)642
  • Large hazardous waste generator610
  • Gas station (mapped facility)404
  • Industrial wastewater discharge240
  • Hazardous waste transporter225
  • Dry cleaner (mapped facility)183
  • Rail grade crossing175
  • Toxic chemical release facility (TRI)64
  • Air permit holder (minor source)40
  • TRI reporting facility40
  • Gas power plant38
  • Major air pollution source22
  • Superfund (NPL) site21
  • Large greenhouse gas emitter20
  • Wastewater plant (mapped facility)19
  • Brownfield property16
  • Crematorium (mapped facility)8
  • Landfill (mapped facility)7
  • Solar power plant7
  • EPA air quality monitor6
  • Heliport6
  • Oil-fired power plant6
  • Scrapyard (mapped facility)6
  • Commercial airport4
  • Correctional facility (prison or jail)3
  • Biomass power plant3
  • Public airport1
  • Battery storage plant1

Highest-severity records

The 25 records with the highest Envyrofax severity in the county, with the agency identifier to cite in a records request.

  1. Moffett Naval Air Station, Sunnyvale

    Superfund (NPL) site. Hazard Ranking System score 29.5. NPL Site.

    EPA site ID CA2170090078 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record

    Severity 10

  2. Westinghouse Electric Corp. (Sunnyvale Plant), Sunnyvale

    Superfund (NPL) site. Hazard Ranking System score 39.9. NPL Site.

    EPA site ID CAD001864081 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record

    Severity 10

  3. Teledyne Semiconductor, Mountain View

    Superfund (NPL) site. Hazard Ranking System score 35.4. NPL Site.

    EPA site ID CAD009111444 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record

    Severity 10

  4. Spectra-Physics, Inc., Mountain View

    Superfund (NPL) site. Hazard Ranking System score 37.2. NPL Site.

    EPA site ID CAD009138488 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record

    Severity 10

  5. TRW Microwave, Inc. (Building 825), Sunnyvale

    Superfund (NPL) site. Hazard Ranking System score 31.9. NPL Site.

    EPA site ID CAD009159088 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record

    Severity 10

  6. Raytheon Corp., Mountain View

    Superfund (NPL) site. Hazard Ranking System score 29.8. NPL Site.

    EPA site ID CAD009205097 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record

    Severity 10

  7. CTS Printex, Inc., Mountain View

    Superfund (NPL) site. Hazard Ranking System score 33.6. NPL Site.

    EPA site ID CAD009212838 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record

    Severity 10

  8. Lorentz Barrel & Drum Co., San Jose

    Superfund (NPL) site. Hazard Ranking System score 33.9. NPL Site.

    EPA site ID CAD029295706 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record

    Severity 10

  9. Intersil Inc./Siemens Components, Cupertino

    Superfund (NPL) site. Hazard Ranking System score 28.9. NPL Site.

    EPA site ID CAD041472341 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record

    Severity 10

  10. National Semiconductor Corp., Santa Clara

    Superfund (NPL) site. Hazard Ranking System score 35.6. NPL Site.

    EPA site ID CAD041472986 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record

    Severity 10

  11. Applied Materials, Santa Clara

    Superfund (NPL) site. Hazard Ranking System score 31.9. NPL Site.

    EPA site ID CAD042728840 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record

    Severity 10

  12. Advanced Micro Devices, Inc., Sunnyvale

    Superfund (NPL) site. Hazard Ranking System score 37.9. NPL Site.

    EPA site ID CAD048634059 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record

    Severity 10

  13. Monolithic Memories, Sunnyvale

    Superfund (NPL) site. Hazard Ranking System score 35.6. NPL Site.

    EPA site ID CAD049236201 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record

    Severity 10

  14. Intel Corp. (Mountain View Plant), Mountain View

    Superfund (NPL) site. Hazard Ranking System score 29.8. NPL Site.

    EPA site ID CAD061620217 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record

    Severity 10

  15. Intel Magnetics, Santa Clara

    Superfund (NPL) site. Hazard Ranking System score 31.9. NPL Site.

    EPA site ID CAD092212497 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record

    Severity 10

  16. Fairchild Semiconductor Corp. (Mountain View Plant), Mountain View

    Superfund (NPL) site. Hazard Ranking System score 31.9. NPL Site.

    EPA site ID CAD095989778 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record

    Severity 10

  17. Fairchild Semiconductor Corp. (South San Jose Plant), South San Jose

    Superfund (NPL) site. Hazard Ranking System score 44.5. NPL Site.

    EPA site ID CAD097012298 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record

    Severity 10

  18. Hewlett-Packard (620-640 Page Mill Road), Palo Alto

    Superfund (NPL) site. Hazard Ranking System score 29.8. NPL Site.

    EPA site ID CAD980884209 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record

    Severity 10

  19. South Bay Asbestos Area, Alviso

    Superfund (NPL) site. Hazard Ranking System score 44.7. NPL Site.

    EPA site ID CAD980894885 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record

    Severity 10

  20. Synertek, Inc. (Building 1), Santa Clara

    Superfund (NPL) site. Hazard Ranking System score 31.9. NPL Site.

    EPA site ID CAD990832735 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record

    Severity 10

  21. Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. (Building 915), Sunnyvale

    Superfund (NPL) site. Hazard Ranking System score 31.9. NPL Site.

    EPA site ID CAT080034234 (U.S. EPA Superfund (SEMS/NPL)) Agency record

    Severity 10

  22. Northrop Grumman Marine Systems, Sunnyvale

    TRI reporting facility. Penalties $44,000.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000781805 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 9.4

  23. Agilent Technologies Inc, Santa Clara

    Toxic chemical release facility (TRI). Chemicals: Acetonitrile, Toluene, Pyridine. Reports carcinogens. 22,074 lbs released over 5 years.

    TRI facility ID 95052HWLTT5301S (U.S. EPA Toxics Release Inventory)

    Severity 7.8

  24. Western Digital Technologies Inc, San Jose

    TRI reporting facility.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110064259270 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 7.8

  25. Lehigh Southwest Cement Company, Cupertino

    Major air pollution source. Penalties $441,810.

    EPA FRS registry ID 110000484039 (U.S. EPA ECHO) Agency record

    Severity 7.5

Correctional facilities

Prisons, jails and corrections operations with an EPA facility record, and the drinking water and wastewater compliance attached to them.

Discovery / public records

Records to request for Santa Clara County

  • California state cancer registry

    Cancer incidence counts by census tract or ZIP code, by cancer type and year (de-identified). Any cancer cluster inquiries or investigations in Santa Clara County, and their findings.

  • California vital statistics office

    Death certificate counts by cause of death and residence tract or ZIP code, and the years behind the mortality measures above.

  • California health department, environmental epidemiology

    Health consultations or assessments by ATSDR or the state health department covering the county, and any exposure investigations.

  • California environmental agency and the U.S. EPA regional office

    Compliance history, inspection reports, notices of violation, penalties and enforcement actions for each facility above, cited by EPA FRS registry ID.

  • California drinking water program

    Violation notices, sampling results and sanitary surveys for the public water systems serving the county, including any system serving a correctional facility.

  • Department of corrections or county sheriff

    Water testing, grievances and environmental health inspections for the correctional facilities listed above.

Each Envyrofax address report includes a printable records request worksheet with the custodian and the exact request wording per finding.

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